{"id":101244,"date":"2020-04-17T16:06:29","date_gmt":"2020-04-17T23:06:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.lankaweb.com\/news\/items\/?p=101244"},"modified":"2020-04-17T16:06:29","modified_gmt":"2020-04-17T23:06:29","slug":"proclaim-martial-law-to-halt-conspiracies-part-ii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lankaweb.com\/news\/items\/2020\/04\/17\/proclaim-martial-law-to-halt-conspiracies-part-ii\/","title":{"rendered":"Proclaim Martial Law to halt conspiracies \u2013 Part II."},"content":{"rendered":"

By : A,A.A.M.NIZAM – MATARA<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n

As there is a long list of countries that used Martial Law for various reasons given below are details relating to a few countries to present a broad idea about this Law.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Australia<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The Black War<\/a> was a period of violent conflict between\nBritish colonists and Aboriginal Australians in Tasmania from the mid-1820s to\n1832. With an escalation of violence in the late 1820s, Lieutenant-Governor George\nArthur<\/a> declared martial law in November 1828\u2014effectively providing\nlegal immunity for killing Aboriginal people. It\nremained in force for more than three years, the longest period of martial law\nin Australian history.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Canada<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Canada is a\ncountry that widely used these laws on many occasions.  The War Measures Act was\na Parliament of Canada<\/a> statute<\/a> that allowed the government to\nassume sweeping emergency powers, stopping short of martial law, i.e., the\nmilitary did not administer justice, which remained in the hands of the courts.\nThe act was invoked three times: During World War I<\/a>, World War II<\/a>, and the October Crisis of 1970<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the\u00a0colonial era<\/a>, martial law was proclaimed and applied in the territory of the\u00a0Province of Quebec<\/a>\u00a0during the\u00a0invasion of Canada<\/a>\u00a0by the army of the American\u00a0Continental Congress<\/a>\u00a0in 1775\u20131776 and twice in the territory of\u00a0Lower Canada<\/a>\u00a0during the\u00a01837\u20131838 insurrections<\/a>. On December 5, martial law was proclaimed in the district of Montreal by Governor\u00a0Gosford<\/a>, without the support of the\u00a0Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada<\/a>. It was imposed until April 27, 1838. Martial law was proclaimed a second time on November 4, 1838.

EGYPT
Egypt was under Martial or Emergency Laws continuously since the death of President Gamal Abdel Nasser, a great friend of Sri Lanka who thwarted American and European moves to impose fuel sanctions on Sri Lanka in the 1960s. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0State of Emergency<\/a>\u00a0had been in effect in Egypt since 1967. Following the\u00a0assassination of President Anwar el-Sadat<\/a>\u00a0in 1981, a state of emergency was declared. Egypt had been under a state of emergency ever since; the Parliament had renewed the emergency laws every three years since they were imposed.\u00a0In May 2010, the state of emergency was further extended, albeit with a promise from the government to be applied only to ‘Terrorism and Drugs’ suspects. A State of Emergency in that country gives military courts the power to try civilians and allows the government to detain for renewable 45-day periods and without court orders anyone deemed to be threatening state security. Public demonstrations are banned under the legislation.<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

On 10 February 2011, the ex-president of Egypt,\u00a0Hosni Mubarak<\/a>, promised the deletion of the relevant constitutional article that gives legitimacy to the State of Emergency in an attempt to please the mass number of protesters that demanded him to resign. On 11 February 2011, the president stepped down and the vice president\u00a0Omar Suleiman<\/a>\u00a0de facto introduced the country to martial law when transferring all civilian powers from the presidential institution to the military institution. It meant that the presidential executive powers, the parliamentary legislative powers and the judicial powers all transferred directly into the military system which may delegate powers back and forth to any civilian institution within its territory.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The military issued in its third announcement the “end of the State of Emergency as soon as the order is restored in Egypt”. Before martial law, the Egyptian parliament under the constitution had the civilian power to declare the State of Emergency. When in martial law, the military gained all powers of the state, including to dissolve the parliament and suspend the constitution as it did in its fifth announcement. Under martial law, the only legal framework within the Egyptian territory is the numbered announcements from the military. These announcements could for instance order any civilian laws to come back into force. The military announcements (communiques) are the de facto only current constitution and legal framework for the Egyptian territory. It means that all affairs of the state are bound by the\u00a0Geneva Conventions<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Iran<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

On September 7, 1978, in response to public demonstrations protesting the perceived government involvement in the death of the son of Ayatollah Khomeini,\u00a0Mostafa Khomeini<\/a>,\u00a0Shah<\/a>\u00a0Mohammad Reza Pahlavi<\/a>\u00a0appointed Chief of Army Staff General\u00a0Gholam Ali Oveisi<\/a>\u00a0as the military governor of the capital city of\u00a0Tehran<\/a>. On September 8, the government declared martial law on the capital along with several other cities throughout the country, after which further protests erupted that lead to the army opening fire on a group of protesters in Tehran’s Jaleh Square on the same day which is referred to as\u00a0Black Friday. Unable to control the unrest, the Shah dissolved the civil government headed by Prime Minister\u00a0Jafar Sharif-Emami\u00a0on November 6 and appointed General\u00a0Gholam Reza Azhari\u00a0as the prime minister who ultimately failed in his efforts to restore order to the country. As he was preparing to leave the country, the Shah dissolved the military government and appointed\u00a0ShapourBakhtiar<\/a>, a reformist critic of his rule, as the new prime minister on January 4, 1979. Bakhtiar’s government fell on February 11 and gave rise to the Islamic Republic and the creation of a new constitution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Article 79 of the Constitution of the\nIslamic Republic of Iran<\/a> forbids the proclamation of martial law\nwithout the approval of the Islamic Consultative Assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Israel<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

As of 2013, Israel had been condemned in 45 resolutions\nby the United Nations Human\nRights Council<\/a>. Since the creation of the Council in 2006, it has\nresolved almost more resolutions condemning Israel than on the rest of the\nworld combined. The 45 resolutions comprised almost half (45.9%) of all\ncountry-specific resolutions passed by the Council, not counting those under\nAgenda Item 10 (countries requiring technical assistance).[1]<\/sup><\/a> From\n1967 to 1989 the UN Security Council<\/a> adopted\n131 resolutions<\/a> directly\naddressing the Arab\u2013Israeli conflict<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The military administrative government was in Israel in effect from 1949 to 1966 over some geographical areas of\u00a0Israel\u00a0having large\u00a0Arab\u00a0populations, primarily the\u00a0Negev,\u00a0Galilee, and the\u00a0Triangle. The residents of these areas were subject to martial law. The\u00a0Israeli army\u00a0enforced strict residency rules. Any Arab not registered in a census taken during November 1948 was deported. Permits from the military governor had to be procured to travel more than a given distance from a person’s registered place of residence, and\u00a0curfew,\u00a0administrative detentions, and expulsions were common.\u00a0Although the military administration was officially for geographical areas, and not people, its restrictions were seldom enforced on the Jewish residents of these areas. In the 1950s, martial law ceased to be in effect for those\u00a0Arab citizens\u00a0living in predominantly Jewish cities but remained in place in all Arab localities within Israel until 1966.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Following the 1967 war, in which the Israeli army occupied the\u00a0West Bank<\/a>,\u00a0Gaza Strip<\/a>, Golan Heights in Syria, and the Sinai Peninsula in Egypt, martial law over the Palestinian population as well as the Jordanian, Syrian, and Egyptian populations in these areas was put in place. In 1993, Israel agreed to give autonomy to the people of Gaza and disengaged militarily from Gaza from 2005 until 2007, when a military blockade was put in place on Gaza in response to the election of Hamas to the local government.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During the\u00a02006 Lebanon war<\/a>, martial law was declared by Defense Minister\u00a0Amir Peretz<\/a>\u00a0over the north of the country. The\u00a0Israel Defense Forces<\/a>\u00a0were granted the authority to issue instructions to civilians and to close down offices, schools, camps, and factories in cities considered under threat of attack, as well as to impose curfews on cities in the North.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Instructions of the Home Front Command are obligatory under martial law, rather than merely recommended\u00a0The order signed by Peretz was in effect for 48 hours and was extended by the Cabinet and the Knesset Foreign Affairs and Defense Committee over the war’s duration.[<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pakistan<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Martial law was declared in\u00a0Pakistan<\/a>\u00a0on 7 October 1958, by President IskanderMirza who then appointed General Muhammad Ayub Khan as the Chief Martial Law Administrator and Aziz Ahmad as Secretary-General and Deputy Chief Martial Law Administrator. However, three weeks later General Ayub\u2014who had been openly questioning the authority of the government before the imposition of martial law\u2014deposed IskandarMirza on 27 October 1958 and assumed the presidency that practically formalized the militarization of the political system in Pakistan. Four years later a new document, Constitution of 1962, was adopted. The second martial law was imposed on 25 March 1969, when President Ayub Khan abrogated the Constitution of 1962 and handed over power to the Army Commander-in-Chief, General Agha Mohammad Yahya Khan. On assuming the presidency, General Yahya Khan acceded to popular demands by abolishing the one-unit system in West Pakistan and ordered general elections on the principle of one man one vote.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The third was imposed by Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, the first civilian to\nhold this post in Pakistan after the Bangladesh Liberation War. On 21 December\n1971, Bhutto took this post as well as that of President.[<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n

The fourth was imposed by General\u00a0Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq\u00a0on 5 July 1977. After several tumultuous years, which witnessed the secession of\u00a0East Pakistan, politician\u00a0Zulfikar Ali Bhutto\u00a0took over in 1971 as the first civilian martial law administrator in recent history, imposing selective martial law in areas hostile to his rule, such as the country’s largest province,\u00a0Balochistan. Following widespread\u00a0civil disorder, General Zia overthrew Bhutto and imposed martial law in its totality on July 5, 1977, in a bloodless\u00a0coup d’\u00e9tat. Unstable areas were brought under control through indirect\u00a0military action, such as Balochistan under Martial Law Governor, General\u00a0Rahimuddin Khan. The civilian government resumed in 1988 following General Zia’s death in an aircraft crash.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On October 12, 1999, the government of Prime Minister\u00a0Nawaz Sharif<\/a>\u00a0was dissolved, and the Army took control once more. But no martial law was imposed. General\u00a0Pervez Musharraf<\/a>\u00a0took the title of\u00a0Chief Executive<\/a>\u00a0until the\u00a0President of Pakistan<\/a>\u00a0RafiqTarar<\/a>\u00a0resigned and General Musharraf became president. Elections were held in October 2002 and\u00a0Mir Zafarullah Khan Jamali<\/a>\u00a0became\u00a0Prime Minister of Pakistan<\/a>. Jamali premiership was followed by\u00a0Chaudhry ShujaatHussain<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0Shaukat Aziz<\/a>. While the government was supposed to be run by the elected prime minister, there was a common understanding that important decisions were made by President General Musharraf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On November 3, 2007, President General Musharraf declared the state\nof emergency in the country which is claimed to be equivalent to the state of\nmartial law as the constitution of Pakistan of 1973 was suspended, and the\nChief Justices of the Supreme Court were fired.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On November 12, 2007, Musharraf issued some amendments in the\nMilitary Act, which gave the armed forces some additional powers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Philippines<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

During the Second World War<\/a>, President<\/a> Jos\u00e9\nP. Laurel<\/a> placed the Philippines<\/a> (then a client\nstate<\/a> of Imperial Japan<\/a>) under martial law via Proclamation\n\u2116 29, dated 21 September 1944 and enforced Proclamation \u2116 30 declaring the\nexistence of a state\nof war<\/a> between the Philippines<\/a> and\nthe United States<\/a> and the United\nKingdom<\/a>, effective 10:00 that day.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The country was under martial law again from 1972 to 1981 under\nPresident Ferdinand Marcos<\/a>. Proclamation \u2116 1081<\/a> (“Proclaiming a\nState of Martial Law in the Philippines”) was signed on 21 September 1972\nand came into force on 22 September. The official reason behind the declaration\nwas to suppress increasing civil strife and the threat of a communist takeover<\/a>, particularly after a\nseries of bombings (including the Plaza Miranda bombing<\/a>) and an assassination\nattempt on Defense Minister<\/a> Juan\nPonce Enrile<\/a> in Mandaluyong<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The policy of martial law was initially well-received, but it eventually proved unpopular as the military’s\u00a0human rights\u00a0abuses (e.g. use of\u00a0torture\u00a0in intelligence gathering,\u00a0forced disappearances), along with the decadence and excess of the Marcos family and their allies, had emerged. Coupled with economic downturns, these factors fermented dissent in various sectors (e.g. the urban\u00a0middle class) that crystallized with the\u00a0assassination<\/a>\u00a0of jailed oppositionist\u00a0senator<\/a>\u00a0Benigno Aquino, Jr.<\/a>\u00a0in 1983, and widespread fraud in the\u00a01986 snap elections<\/a>. These eventually led to the\u00a01986 People Power Revolution<\/a>\u00a0that ousted Marcos and forced him into exile in\u00a0Hawaii<\/a>\u00a0where he died in 1989; his rival presidential candidate and Aquino’s widow,\u00a0Corazon<\/a>, was installed as his successor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

During this 9-year period, curfews were implemented as a safety measure. The majority of radio and television networks were suspended. Journalists who were accused of speaking against the government were taken as political prisoners, some of them being physically abused and tortured by the authorities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Others have stated that the implementation of Martial Law was taken advantage of by the Marcos regime. Billion pesos worth of property and ill-gotten wealth was said to be acquired by Marcos’ consort,\u00a0First Lady\u00a0Imelda Marcos. This alleged money laundering issue was brought back recently, particularly in the\u00a0Pilipinas Debates 2016<\/a>\u00a0for the recently held Philippine Presidential Elections on May 9, 2016. Ferdinand “Bongbong” Marcos, Jr., Marcos’ son, ran for the Vice Presidency and lost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

There were rumours that President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo<\/a> was planning\nto impose martial law to end military coup d’etat<\/a> plots, general\ncivilian dissatisfaction, and criticism of her legitimacy arising from the\ndubious results of the 2004 presidential elections<\/a>.\nInstead, a State of National Emergency<\/a> was\nimposed in 2006 from 24 February to 3 March, in order to quash a coup attempt\nand quell protesters.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

On 4 December 2009, President Arroyo officially placed the Province<\/a> of Maguindanao<\/a> under\na state of martial law through Proclamation \u2116 1959.[18]<\/sup><\/a> As\nwith the last imposition, the declaration suspended the writ of habeas corpus<\/a> in the province.[19]<\/sup><\/a> The\nannouncement came days after hundreds of government troops were sent to the\nprovince to raid the armories of the powerful Ampatuan clan. The Ampatuans were\nimplicated in the massacre of 58 persons<\/a>, including women from\nthe rival Mangudadatu clan<\/a>, human rights lawyers, and 31 media\nworkers. Cited as one of the bloodiest incidents of political violence<\/a> in Philippine history,\nthe massacre was condemned worldwide as the worst loss of life of media\nprofessionals in one day.[18]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

On 23 May 2017, President Rodrigo\nDuterte<\/a> declared martial law throughout the main southern island\nof Mindanao<\/a>,\nthrough Proclamation No. 216<\/a>, due to the attack<\/a> of Maute\nGroup<\/a> in Marawi City<\/a>, Lanao\ndel Sur<\/a>. It was announced in a briefing in Moscow by Secretary Ernesto\nAbella<\/a>,[20]<\/a><\/sup> and\nwill be in effect until December 2019.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

South\nKorea<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

In October 1946,\u00a0the United States Army Military Government in Korea<\/a>\u00a0declared martial law as a result of the\u00a0Daegu Riot<\/a>.\u00a0On November 17, 1948,\u00a0President<\/a>\u00a0Syngman Rhee<\/a>\u00a0regime proclaimed martial law in order to quell the\u00a0Jeju Uprising\u00a0On April 19, 1960, Syngman Rhee government proclaimed martial law in order to suppress the\u00a0April Revolution<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Switzerland<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

There are no provisions for martial law as such in Switzerland<\/a>.\nUnder the Army Law of\n1995the Army<\/a> can be called upon by cantonal<\/a> (state) authorities for\nassistance (Assistenzdienst).\nThis regularly happens in the case of natural disasters or special protection\nrequirements (e.g., for the World Economic Forum<\/a> in Davos<\/a>). This\nassistance generally requires parliamentary authorization, though, and takes\nplace in the regular legal framework and under the civilian leadership of the\ncantonal authorities. On the other hand, the federal authorities are authorized\nto use the Army to enforce law and order when the Cantons no longer can or want\nto do so (Ordnungsdienst). With\nthis came many significant points of reference. This power largely fell into\ndisuse after World War II<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Syria<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

The martial law regime between the 1963 Syrian coup d’\u00e9tat<\/a> and 2011 is\nthe longest ranging period of active martial law.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Thailand<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Martial law in\u00a0Thailand<\/a>\u00a0derives statutory authority from the Act promulgated by King\u00a0Vajiravudh<\/a>\u00a0following the abortive\u00a0Palace Revolt of 1912<\/a>, entitled “Martial Law, B.E. 2457 (1914)”. Many coups have been attempted or succeeded since then, but the Act governing martial law, amended in 1942, 1944, 1959 and 1972, has remained essentially the same.\u00a0In January 2004, the Prime Minister of Thailand,\u00a0ThaksinShinawatra<\/a>, declared a state of martial law in the provinces of\u00a0Pattani<\/a>,\u00a0Yala<\/a>, and\u00a0Narathiwat<\/a>\u00a0in response to the growing\u00a0South Thailand insurgency<\/a>. On September 19, 2006, Thailand’s army declared martial law following a bloodless military coup in the\u00a0Thai<\/a>\u00a0capital of\u00a0Bangkok<\/a>, declared while Prime Minister Shinawatra was in\u00a0New York City<\/a>\u00a0to address the\u00a0United Nations, General Assembly<\/a>.\u00a0General SonthiBoonyaratglin<\/a>\u00a0took the control of the government, and soon after handed the premiership to ex-Army Chief\u00a0General Surayud<\/a>. Sonthi himself as\u00a0Chief of the Administrative Reform Council<\/a>. At 3 am, on May 20, 2014, following seven months of civil and political unrest, Army Commander-in-Chief Gen.\u00a0Prayut Chan-ocha<\/a>, declared martial law nationwide.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Turkey<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Since the foundation of the Republic of Turkey<\/a> in\n1923 the military<\/a> conducted three coups\nd’\u00e9tat<\/a> and announced martial law. Martial law between 1978 and 1983\nwas replaced by a State of emergency<\/a> in a limited number of\nprovinces that lasted until November 2002. On July 15, 2016 a section of the\nmilitary in Turkey attempted a coup(failed) and said to have implied martial\nlaw in a broadcast on their national television TRT.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

United\nStates<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

The United States which claims to be the champion of Democracy, fair play, human rights and a prism of equality had been under Martial Law, partially confined to some areas or fully many times in its history.\u00a0\u00a0 In the United States martial law has been declared for a state or other locality under various circumstances including after a direct foreign attack (Hawaii after the\u00a0Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor<\/a>, New Orleans during the\u00a0Battle of New Orleans<\/a>), after a major disaster (Chicago after the\u00a0Great Chicago Fire<\/a>\u00a0of 1871, San Francisco after the\u00a0earthquake of 1906<\/a>), and in response to chaos associated with protests and mob action (San Francisco during the\u00a01934 West Coast waterfront strike<\/a>, Montgomery, Alabama following the mob actions against the\u00a0Freedom Riders<\/a>). It has also been declared by renegade local leaders seeking to avoid arrest or challenges to their authority (Nauvoo, Illinois<\/a>\u00a0by Joseph Smith during the\u00a0Illinois Mormon War<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0Utah<\/a>\u00a0by Governor Brigham Young during the\u00a0Utah War<\/a>).\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The martial law concept in the United States is closely tied with the right of\u00a0habeas corpus<\/a>, which is, in essence, the right to a hearing on lawful imprisonment, or more broadly, the supervision of law enforcement by the judiciary. The ability to suspend\u00a0habeas corpus\u00a0is related to the imposition of martial law. Article 1, Section 9 of the\u00a0U.S. Constitution<\/a>\u00a0states, “The Privilege of the Writ of\u00a0Habeas Corpus\u00a0shall not be suspended, unless when in Cases of Rebellion or Invasion the public Safety may require it.” There have been many instances of the use of the military within the borders of the United States, such as during the\u00a0Whiskey Rebellion<\/a>\u00a0and in the South during the\u00a0Civil Rights Movement<\/a>, but these acts are not tantamount to a declaration of martial law. The distinction must be made as clear as that between martial law and\u00a0military justice<\/a>: deployment of troops does not necessarily mean that the civil courts cannot function, and that is one of the keys, as the\u00a0Supreme Court<\/a>\u00a0has noted, to martial law.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In United States law<\/a>, martial law is limited\nby several court decisions handed down between the American Civil War<\/a> and World\nWar II<\/a>. In 1878, Congress<\/a> passed the Posse Comitatus Act<\/a>, which forbids U.S.\nmilitary involvement in domestic law enforcement without congressional\napproval.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The above details related to the proclamation of Martial Law justifies our need to proclaim this law at the earliest and save the country and the people now itself.\u00a0 Already due to the visionary steps taken by the President appropriate security personnel have been assigned duties at many important places and only an official proclamation is needed to let the caravan move in the right direction.\u00a0 At the same time, stern action should be taken against curfew violators and there is a possibility that these people are deliberately doing it to under an organized plan to challenge the authority of the government since the number of these violators has exceeded over 12,000 by now.\u00a0 In Russia, although Corona threat is at a minimum level in that country compared to western European nations and America, President Vladimir Putin has declared that anyone who acts in a manner to spread the virus threat will be jailed for 7 years.\u00a0 We too need such measures, Mr. President.\u00a0 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

By : A,A.A.M.NIZAM – MATARA As there is a long list of countries that used Martial Law for various reasons given below are details relating to a few countries to present a broad idea about this Law. Australia The Black War was a period of violent conflict between British colonists and Aboriginal Australians in Tasmania from the […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":true,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[28],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-101244","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-aamnizam"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lankaweb.com\/news\/items\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/101244","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lankaweb.com\/news\/items\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lankaweb.com\/news\/items\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lankaweb.com\/news\/items\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lankaweb.com\/news\/items\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=101244"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.lankaweb.com\/news\/items\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/101244\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lankaweb.com\/news\/items\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=101244"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lankaweb.com\/news\/items\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=101244"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lankaweb.com\/news\/items\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=101244"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}