{"id":67945,"date":"2017-07-18T15:05:41","date_gmt":"2017-07-18T22:05:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.lankaweb.com\/news\/items\/?p=67945"},"modified":"2017-07-18T15:05:41","modified_gmt":"2017-07-18T22:05:41","slug":"lanka-struggling-to-adapt-as-disasters-become-new-normal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lankaweb.com\/news\/items\/2017\/07\/18\/lanka-struggling-to-adapt-as-disasters-become-new-normal\/","title":{"rendered":"Lanka struggling to adapt as disasters become new \u2018normal\u2019"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Thomson Reuters Foundation. Colombo\u00a0Courtesy Gulf Times<\/em><\/span><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n
\u00a0During Sri Lanka\u2019s May floods, rescue crews in Kiriella, a small town in Rathnapura district, spotted a remarkable sight.
\nA middle-aged woman, trudging through waist-deep floodwater, clutched a rooster carefully above the torrent, while a small girl struggled to hold onto the woman\u2019s waist, at times barely able to keep her head above water.Not just the public, but even policymakers are the same: They look at natural disasters as isolated events and the main aim is to save movable and immovable property, not lives,\u201d charged Ranjith Punyawardena, the head of climatology in the agricultural department of Sri Lanka\u2019s University of Peradeniya.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Disasters \u2013 from deadly floods to worsening droughts \u2013 \u00a0are happening more frequently in Sri Lanka. But efforts to begin treating the crises as a new normal\u201d \u2013 \u00a0which requires fundamental changes to how the country\u2019s systems work, rather than one-time responses \u2013 \u00a0is struggling, some officials say.
\nIn May, floods and landslides killed 216 people, left 76 missing and affected over 600,000 \u2013 just a year after similar floods killed more than 100 people.
\nA 10-month drought, meanwhile, is lingering in the northern part of the island \u2013 \u00a0despite some recent rain \u2013 \u00a0and is likely to result in the 2017 rice harvest being the lowest in a decade, according to the UN Food and Agriculture Organisation.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
One of the main problems, Punyawardena said, is the difficulty of sustaining changes put in place in the wake of disasters.
\nIn each of the last three years floods have killed at least a hundred people in Sri Lanka, and in each case disaster officials have initiated inquiries afterwards to identify what went wrong,
\nPunyawardena said.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
After this year\u2019s flooding, Sri Lanka\u2019s Disaster Management Centre and Department of Meteorology were widely criticised for failing to provide sufficient early warnings of the approaching floods. Officials at the Department of Meteorology said a lack of sophisticated radar technology prevented it from issuing detailed-enough warnings.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
The disaster centre has since revamped its procedures for issuing early warnings and the government has signed a $22mn agreement with Japan to set up new weather radar stations.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
The government also has said it will set up 100 disaster evacuation centres across the island nation.
\nBut Punyawardena said it remained to be seen whether such action would cut the death toll from floods in coming years.
\nHopefully these new changes will not end like sudden bursts. We need sustained emphasis. The policies have been there in the past as well. It is the implementation that has been lacking,\u201d he said.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
The problem, said Punyawardena and Sarath Premalal, director general, department of meteorology, is that disasters usually lead to a flurry of government activity that then peters out as the disaster situation eases. The cycle then begins again with the next disaster, they said.
\nThe policies are clearly there in documents and plans. I don\u2019t think we need newer ones. What we need is to properly implement these for the long haul,\u201d Punyawardena said.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Disaster officials say one big problem for them is lack of access to top-level decision makers as they try to bring change. Normally such access comes only during major disasters, Premalal said.
\nWe need support at the very top level to make sure we are prepared. Sometimes it is very difficult to gain access to decision makers. That slows down a lot of the work,\u201d he said.<\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Lack of co-ordination can also be a problem. During May\u2019s floods, for instance, both the country\u2019s president and its prime minister chaired separate committees aimed at addressing the disaster, leading to confusion in the early stages of the crisis, according to Disaster Management Centre officials and officials of United Nations relief organisations.
\nGetting officials from across agencies \u2013 \u00a0such as agriculture, water, disaster and meteorology \u2013 \u00a0together to co-ordinate plans also is a challenge,
\nPremalal said.
\nWe tend to still work in silos. There is a need for practical, real-time data and information sharing,\u201d he said.
\nSince 2010, government agencies have come together to hold a pre-monsoon meeting each March to share and discuss information on expected rainfall. The problem is that very little activity then takes place to head off problems that might be anticipated from the data, said the head of the meteorological department.
\nFor example, data provided by the department of meteorology before the May floods suggested very heavy rainfall was possible, and should have led to the country\u2019s department of irrigation running computer models on what flooding might be expected, Punyawardena said.
\nCurrently the irrigation department relies primarily on water gauges in rivers to assess water levels and determine when flood alerts should be
\nissued, he said.
\nM Thuraisingham, director general of the irrigation department, said that his team did not have the technical capacity or human resources to accurately run computer models of
\npossible flooding.
\nAnura Priyadarshana Yapa, Sri Lanka\u2019s minister of disaster management, said efforts to better spur and co-ordinate action
\nare underway, however.
\nAt ministry level we are now having regular meetings with all connected departments and if the need arises we will seek (a) meeting with the president,\u201d he said.
\nHe noted that the government had also renewed its pioneering national natural disaster insurance policy, which last year earned the country a $2mn payout amid floods just six weeks after being purchased.
\nThe country also is seeking help to improve its weather
\nradar network, he said.<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Thomson Reuters Foundation. Colombo\u00a0Courtesy Gulf Times \u00a0During Sri Lanka\u2019s May floods, rescue crews in Kiriella, a small town in Rathnapura district, spotted a remarkable sight. A middle-aged woman, trudging through waist-deep floodwater, clutched a rooster carefully above the torrent, while a small girl struggled to hold onto the woman\u2019s waist, at times barely able to […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-67945","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-forum"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lankaweb.com\/news\/items\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67945","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lankaweb.com\/news\/items\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lankaweb.com\/news\/items\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lankaweb.com\/news\/items\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lankaweb.com\/news\/items\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=67945"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.lankaweb.com\/news\/items\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/67945\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lankaweb.com\/news\/items\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=67945"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lankaweb.com\/news\/items\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=67945"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lankaweb.com\/news\/items\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=67945"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}