Majority of the public workforce will NOT survive in the private sector or be recruited at all” – Minister

August 27th, 2022

Courtesy Hiru News

Minister of Power & Energy Kanchana Wijesekera says that all state-owned enterprises (SOEs) need to be restructured.

In a Twitter message the minister said political decisions, political appointments, mismanagement and incompetence have led to the downfall of the public service.

He points out that the majority of the public workforce would not be able to survive in the private sector or be recruited at all. “Performance-based salary is a must,” he added.

While stating that there are capable and efficient employees at the Ceylon Electricity Board (CEB) and the Ceylon Petroleum Corporation (CPC) and the Ceylon Petroleum Storage Terminals Limited (CPSTL), he said that the majority are inefficient and incompetent.

A good 500 workforce instead of the 4200 could do the job efficiently at CPC- CPSTL &amp; half of the 26,000 workforce at CEB. Trade Unions thrive on inefficient members.&rdquo;<br /><br />Minster’s tweet;

1) All SOEs need restructuring. Political decisions, political appointments, misadministration &amp; incompetence has led to the downfall. I don&rsquo;t think majority of the public workforce will survive in the private sector or be recruited at all. Performance based salaries is a must.

2) While there are capable &amp; efficient workers at CEB, CPC CPSTL, the majority are inefficient &amp; incompetence. A good 500 workforce instead of the 4200 could do the job efficiently at CPC- CPSTL half of the 26000 workforce at CEB. Trade Unions thrive on inefficient members.

Families of misguided JVP youth must file legal action against JVP

August 26th, 2022

Shenali D Waduge

Did JVP naturally emerge or was it created in response to the then governments nationalization programs? Who formulated the 5 Lectures” that indoctrinated Sinhala youth to become members. Who advised JVP to expand in universities and attempt to win sympathy of the armed forces? Who wanted JVP to attack police posts? Who funded the ‘education camps’ in remote areas of the South & southwestern coasts? Who helped JVP create secret cells? Who christened the name Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna? What is the real objective of JVP & now JJB

JVP began recruiting & training its members in camps across Kurunegala, Akmeemana, Tissamaharama, Epitiya & Anuradhapura. Lectures were in cemetaries. By 1971 the JVP had 10,000 members.

The 5 lectures covered

  1. Crisis in capitalism
  2. Independence is a device of colonialism

iii. Indian expansionism

  1. The left movement in Sri Lanka
  2. The path Sri Lanka revolution should take

How much of these 5 elements are part of JVP ideology today.

JVP movement was based on a cell system (was this a creation of their own or copied)

Each cell had 5 members with a leader.

Cells were created in every area with a police station. Every police area had a leader. Area leaders selected district leaders. District leaders became the Central Committee. The Polit bureau was above the Central Committee & was made up on 12 including Wijeweera.

JVP communicated by code & by couriers messages issued by Polit Bureau.

Cells were given shotguns. Each member had a gun with 10 cartridges. Each member had uniforms, military boots & haversacks. Cell members made home-made bombs. Victor Ivan (Podi Athula) lost his left hand when a grenade exploded while testing. On 5 March 1971 explosion in JVP bomb factory resulted in 5 deaths.

The JVP had its own paper.

The JVP carried out robberies to raise funds – the same methodology adopted by LTTE.

Were the tuition teachers of LTTE & JVP the same?

Wijeweera was arrested on 13 March in Ampara & transferred to Jaffna prison. On 16 March the GoSL declared emergency. JVP leadership decided on 2 April to dispatch 500 cadres to storm the Jaffna prison & on 5 April all police stations were to be attacked to cripple the govt.

The 1st attack was at 0520 on 5 April 1971 at the Wellawaya police station killing 5 constables. 92 police stations were attacked over 50 police stations were damaged. By 10th April JVP had taken control of Matara and Ambalangoda. The goal was to kill PM Sirimavo Bandaranaike at her residence.

The then commander of the armed forces was Gen. Sepala Attygalle.

Mrs. Bandaranaike sought assistance from friendly nations – Pakistan was first to respond sending troops and helicopters. Indian troops too arrived. Indian Navy guarded the naval coasts as SL Navy was deployed on the ground. It was a rare event to see Pakistan, Indian & Sri Lankan forces jointly attempt to handle the JVP. Ironically, the same Indian army ended up training LTTE against the Sri Lankan Army.

JVP insurrection was quelled after 3 weeks and amnesties were offered in June 1971 over 20,000 were given 3 months rehabilitation & released.

Detained rebels were prosecuted after setting Criminal Justice Commission comprising Chief Justice H N G Fernando (Chairman), Justice A C Alles, Justice  V T Thamotheran, Justice H Dheragoda & Justice T W Rajaratnam.

Wijeweera was given lifetime imprisonment in 1975 later amended to 20 years rigorous imprisonment. JVP leaders faced prison sentences. Emergency rule continued. 1977 UNP won the elections and released Wijeweera & lifted ban on JVP. Wijeweera contested Presidential Election in 1982 & scored 273,428 finishing fourth.

What made Wijeweera & JVP begin 2nd insurrection in 1987 when it clearly had created a political path for itself?

Thousands of Sinhalese JVP youth were killed. JVP killed politicians, academics, artists, public servants, Buddhist clery and their end came when they began attacking armed forces & families. 

Presuming to be anti-capitalist, how can JVP profane to fool its followers but be partners of neo-liberals. The current JJB party was created in August 2020 to peddle neoliberal agendas under the façade of socialism. This conflicts with what JVP advocates.

Tapping and manipulating the youthful vigor and energy of youth, JVP has ruined young adults inside the universities with their unions, ragging and other pressure groups. The JVP ideology has physically and psychologically impact university going youth and has affected their employment and attitude to life and socio-politics as well. It is only later years in life, that they have realized they had been misled but a little too late.

JVP’s role as deal maker to political parties providing campaign ground support leaves us to wonder how many of JVP followers approve JVP’s role in helping bring other parties to power.

How long do JVP followers plan to protest when demanded, become violent when demanded, campaign for others when demanded, defend others when demanded. Is this why JVP followers joined JVP. Don’t JVP followers question what their leaders are up to?

Given the obscure path JVP leaders are taking, is it not a crime that thousands of youth perished, gave up their lives for the JVP denying their families the joy of seeing them become somebody’s in life.

The JVP misguided youth in 1970s and 1980s and are continuing to do so. JVP must be held accountable not only by the Govt but by the JVP youth themselves & their families too.

JVP youth perished in 1970s for no reason.

JVP youth perished in 1980s for no reason.

JVP are continuing to target youth even now.

It is only a matter of time more youth will meet their waterloo as a result of JVP brainwashing.

Sri Lanka cannot afford to lose any more youth.

LTTE did the same to Tamil youth & JVP are doing same to Sinhalese youth.

Together LTTE & JVP ruined the brains of Sri Lanka. How many Sinhala & Tamil youth who joined the LTTE & JVP perished when they could have made a name for themselves and made their parents proud?

JVP is not what it professed to be just like LTTE.

Shenali D Waduge

LTTE Diaspora funds should compensate victims of LTTE before investing in Sri Lanka

August 26th, 2022

Shenali D Waduge

The South African Truth & Reconciliation Commission that was bragged & boasted despite its failure, recommended compensation to victims though it was given no mandate to award such. Leaving aside awarding – where do they get the funds to award such compensation? Sri Lanka’s Parliament passed the Office for Reparations Act in 2018 (59-43 vote) insisted by US & allies. No terrorist group or their families can be compensated from STATE FUNDS prior to the victims of these terrorists being given compensation first. LTTE fronts must be asked to use their funds to compensate victims of LTTE before they are allowed to invest in Sri Lanka.

The LTTE comprised a ground force led by Prabakaran and an international network that raised funds. LTTE’s international headquarters was in London while LTTE had offices in Canada, US, EU, South Africa, Australia and operated from India & other nations of Asia. All of the entities operating outside Sri Lanka functioned discretely probably due to fear of Prabakaran. Most of the entities known as LTTE fronts were created after Prabakaran’s death & elimination of LTTE ground force along with its top leaders. Combatants of the LTTE managed to flee overseas as refugees, some were helped to leave the country with assistance of foreign-funded NGOs on pretext of training etc. Others applied as refugees or asylum seekers.

In May 2009 – Sri Lanka’s National Army ended 30 years of terrorism in a non-international armed conflict by LTTE that remains banned by Sri Lanka & 32 countries.

Successive resolutions at the UNHRC aims to bring restorative justice to LTTE terrorists while applying retributive justice to Sri Lanka’s National Army using isolated incidents which have not been found guilty in any court of law.

Sri Lanka was never given any breathing space to recover from 30 years of terror by the very countries & international agencies that did nothing to stop LTTE terror but came forward with all sorts of templates and guidelines to handle post-war Sri Lanka, simply because they wanted to have some reason to influence Sri Lanka.

Victims of LTTE included Sinhalese, Muslims, Burghers even Tamils & foreigners.

It is these victims that should be given compensation not LTTE terrorists.

LTTE blurred distinction and denied civilian status to Tamils in view of LTTE having a civilian armed force. Any LTTE member of this civilian armed force dying in combat cannot be categorized as a civilian and international bodies cannot count them as civilian dead. Civilians who voluntarily or forcibly engaged in hostilities & died too cannot claim civilian status. How far can UNHRC prove actual civilian deaths remain questionable.

LTTE combatants comprised only Tamils though LTTE was supported by non-Tamils including foreigners & the Church covertly & overtly. The GoSL failed to launch investigation into TNA and other political parties & politicians for their links to LTTE as well. The logic is anyone is accepted into the political system so long as they cease to separate Sri Lanka or involve themselves in acts of terror.

Victims must be compensated but who are the victims needs to be first defined. 

Compensation must go to only civilians who were not involved in any LTTE terror act at the time of their death & to every person LTTE killed & any persons who died from military cross-fire.

Next question is – who is paying compensation?

Is it the countries that prevented Sri Lanka from ending terror when it could have decades earlier (India stopped the SL Army from capturing Prabakaran in 1987)

66 UNPers did not attend Parliament to vote for the Reparations Bill.

In other words they did not wish to vote to give compensation to LTTE..

43 UNP MPs voted to compensate LTTE (highlighted are some of the noteworthy MPs)

The Office of Missing Persons has no right to force Sri Lankan tax payers to give money to combatants of a terrorist movement that remains banned in Sri Lanka.

The taxpayers have already funded their rehabilitation and resettlement as well as given State jobs.

If anyone feels that former combatants & their families should be compensated – they are welcome to channel these funds to the GoSL to be disbursed to them.

No terrorist group or their families can be compensated from state funds prior to the victims of these terrorists being given compensation first. 

Ideally, the LTTE Diaspora who collected funds for LTTE across 3 decades and continue to do so must be held accountable. The LTTE Diaspora kitty must have enlarged as a result of savings. They no longer have to spend for LTTE fighting combatants arms or ammunition or other logistics. Thus LTTE Diaspora kitty should be used to fund former LTTE combatants & their families as well as families of Tamils who were killed by LTTE before being used for ‘investments’.

A govt is doing injustice to the real civilian victims that LTTE killed. Claims of Sri Lanka National Army killing ‘civilians’ cannot be proved in either numbers or facts. So far UN has failed to differentiate

  • Civilians not involved in LTTE acts of terror
  • Civilians part of LTTE armed force
  • Civilians involved in hostilities (by force or voluntarily)

So long as UNHRC has failed to differentiate numbers and names all above cannot be given status quo as civilians and compensated with public funds.

LTTE cannot use their kitty to invest while putting the Sri Lankan tax payer in further debt to compensate LTTE & their families prior to compensating the victims of LTTE terrorism.

If LTTE Diaspora are willing to send from their international kitty – it should go to a National Fund that compensates the victims of LTTE first including Tamils killed by LTTE.

No country in the world compensates terrorists!

A country must compensate VICTIMS OF TERROR not the PERPETRATORS OF TERROR

Shenali D Waduge

Why we must repeal the 13 th Amendment

August 26th, 2022

by Garvin Karunaratne

I  write in  support  of Sudath Gunasekera’s Paper re completely disbanding the 13 th Amendment. 

Sections from Two of my earlier Papers that prove the fact that the 13 th Amendment should be totally abolished are enclosed to remind patriots.

Why the 13 th Amendment is inimical for our development and how it will create a separate State

Posted on March 4th, 2021 in Lanka Web

 I have in several of my Papers detailed as to  Why the 13 th Amendment should be abolished. I have detailed my experiences in my eighteen years’ service in the Administrative Service implementing development programmes islandwide. To state briefly if I were to work in either the agricultural marketing sector, the agrarian extension sector or the small industries sector I will not be able to achieve any target purely because the subjects are devolved(not decentralized) and the implementation of any policy determined by the Minister working at the Centre, on policies laid down by the Houses of Parliament  will depend on the whims and fancies of the Provincial Ministers. Officers in the provinces takes orders from him.

 The full effect of the 13 th Amendment even without devolving land and police powers has not yet been felt because the Provincial Ministers have not asserted their full rights.

 I am most thankful to Cecil Dharmasena of the Department of Agriculture, for his insightful article that appeared in The Island of 22/4/2013. Let me quote a few of his words, which fully support my above statement:

Referring to agricultural extension today he states:

The lack of an organized and coordinated extension and advisory system today as we had in the past(prior to the Provincial Administration System) where the Department of Agriculture through its comprehensive islandwide extension Division provided an efficient service appears to be the biggest drawback in agriculture at present.”

 The situation today he says is that all types of agencies of the Provincial Councils and private sector offer confusing services”.

 He details what happened to the Department of Agriculture after the implementation of the 13 th Amendment. The Department was broken up, the research division broken into independent institutes, the extension service given to the Provincial Councils and the seed farms sold to the private sector.

 Harking back to my days  up to 1973, the Department of Agriculture had a full control over the technical side of Agriculture. At the divisional level there was an Agricultural Instructor, an officer who had two years’s study at the Agricultural School. Under him were several  Overseers- Krushi Vyapti Sevakas at the village level. They had an year’s training in agriculture. This was an effective service. In addition, after the Paddy Lands Act was enforced in came the Agrarian Services Department with cultivation committees at the grass roots level. This Department had Divisional Officers at the Divisional level and Overseers at the village level. The Overseers had an years’ training in agriculture. The Cultivation Committees took over grass roots level planning. Today the Paddy Lands Act is no more and the cultivation committees do not exist.

 Another important change that took place is that the  Overseers of the Agriculture Department- the Krushi Vyapti Sevakas were all promoted as Grama Sevakas( now Grama Niladharis) during the time of President Premadasa. No official trained in agriculture took their place.  After a few years’ lapse when the Agricultural Instructor at the Divisional Level did not have a single Overseer Assistant, during the days of President Kumaranatunge , O Level qualified youths were appointed as Niyamakas.

 This was the extension system that was bequeathed to the Provincial Councils. Cecil Dharmasena has stated that the efficiency of the extension system depended entirely in the hands of the Provincial Minister of Agriculture.

 My own experience with the agricultural extension system under the Provincial Council administration is detailed in my book: How the IMF Ruined Sri Lanka.& Alternate Programs of Success”.(Godages: 2006):

The entire  agriculture department has to get a bone shake which I hope can get done. In about 1997, running my small family farm I had the occasion to visit the extension centers at Kadawata and Delgoda. The officers there did not know the exact amount of fertilizer that I should use and when. At my insistence they raked their files and provided me with details. The circular advised the use of  ammonium sulphate and urea  at the basal stage  and no mention was made of the top dressing. I reported this to the Ministry of Agriculture and received a letter that the details provided by the Extension Unit was out of date by several years. ¦ About a year later I dropped into one of these Centers and to my amazement  I found that even then  the top dressing had not been incorporated into the advice. . In our inefficiency we are wasting fertilizer.”. This fully supports Cecil Dharmasena’s statement that the extension system is in shambles. My comments pertain to the late Nineties while Dharmasena speaks of the extension service of today.

Sri Lanka is a small country which is smaller than a State in India and there is no necessity to devolve any subject in administration. Under the 13 th Amendment we have devolved many subjects and accordingly the extension sections of the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Agrarian Services has been handed over to the Provincial Councils.

 In my days in the Agrarian Services, I was once in charge of fertilizer distribution and we sent out the first circular on fertilizer use for the entire island and this was immediately enforced through the cultivation committees. Not so any more. The futility of devolution is easily realized when one realizes that the Kegalla and Ratnapura Districts which come under the Sabaragamuwa Province is only some 50 miles away from the City of Colombo. It is inimical for Provinces situated in close proximity to have an extension service that is not coordinated. In my days if a circular left the main department signed by the Commissioner or his Deputy it had to be effective. Not so now because one will have to contact the Provincial Ministers and cajole them. In my days as a Senior Assistant Commissioner any communication from me was acted on in the entire island on the next day. Not so now my paper will sit on the Provincial Minister’s desk and mind you there are  a number of them. 

It is also well known and not disputed by anyone that the 13 th Amendment was drafted by India and imposed on our country under duress by Rajiv Gandhi, the Prime Minister of India. Though President Jayawardena shivered in his boots and gave in and forced his Members of Parliament to vote for it. The fact remains that President Jayawardena held all his members of parliament incarcerated in a Five Star Hotel and they were all marched to parliament to vote. What Democracy! This fact is proved because the Finance Minister Ronnie de Mel shouted and stated that he was not among the incarcerated.   Though the Supreme Court of Sri Lanka, also under duress (judges quarters were stoned),gave legitimacy to it, the 13 th Amendment remains a foreign appendage onto our Constitution.

 I am certain that if any Provincial Council asserts itself, the working of all Government Departments will totally cease from the Centre and the implementation of the policies laid down by Acts of Parliament can no longer be a reality.

 This will be the situation once a TNA which is pro Tamil Nadu and also following the LTTE agenda of separation is elected.  The Government will be faced with a crisis of severe dimension, a situation that will eventually lead to the formation of a separate State.

 All this is not surmise. As an experienced administrator with four decades’ experience, I can sense what will happen.

 The abolition of the 13 th Amendment is the only option if we are to remain a sovereign country.

 The International Community, India and the LTTE Diaspora whom we are trying to please by retaining the 13 th Amendment and implementing it are having their act cut and dry. Their one aim is to enable a separate State in the North and the East of Sri Lanka and it is hoped that our leaders will realize this fact before it is too late.

 It is upto our leaders to decide for our sovereignty.

Garvin Karunaratne, Ph.D

former GA Matara, International Consultant

4/3/2021

 

A quote from an earlier Paper, dated 4/11/2012 from Lanka Web tells us of The Indian Part of the Constitution of Sri Lanka

 I am of the opinion that the 13 th Amendment was imposed on us by India to make it impossible for any development to take place so that we will for ever fail in developing our resources. This is a fact because after the 13 th Amendment was passed I see no development in Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka has fallen into deep debt and we now provide employment for people in India and other countries. 

‚ 

This takes us to the point as to how and when the 13 th Amendment was made to our Constitution.  That happened during the time of President Jayawardena, when India sent sorties of fighter planes to roar over Colombo, made an Indian destroyer appear off the coast of Colombo and India did actually drop parippu in Jaffna merely to tell President  Jayaewardena as to who was in charge. By that time the …”Democrat” he was, President Jayawardena had obtained under duress undated letters of resignation from every Member of Parliament(other than Ronnie de Mel, the Finance Minister). This was to tell the Members of Parliament that they will lose their seats if they disagreed with him. Further‚  President Jayawardena took over a Five Star Hotel and incarcerated all Members of Parliament there. When he wanted them to vote for him in Parliament he would personally go the Five Star Hotel and accompany the Members of Parliament and get them to vote as he wished. That was how the 13 th Amendment was passed in Parliament. There was disagreement among the people. President Jayawardena silenced this by getting the Supreme Court to approve the 13 th Amendment. That happened when the residences of the Judges were repeatedly stoned and when even a peaceful‚  protest‚  could not be held. My guru Professor Sarathchandra was pulled out of the stage and attacked by a mob when he dared to speak out. That was the birth of the 13 th Amendment. It is totally an Indian creation imposed on our Constitution and every Sri Lankan should be ashamed of it.

 It is therefore high time that we got rid of this anachronism.

Garvin Karunaratne, former SLAS- G.A.Matara 1971-1973

රැට්ටාගෙන් ජනපති රනිල්ට දරුණු අනතුරු ඇඟවීමක්

August 26th, 2022

 Lanka Lead News

ගෝල් ෆේස් අරගලයේ ප්‍රභල ක්‍රියාකාරිකයෙකු වූ රතිඳු සේනාරත්න හෙවත් රැට්ටා සිය සමාජාලා ගිණුමේ සටහනක් තබමින් වක්‍රාකාරයෙන් රනිල් වික්‍රමසිංහ මහතා වෙත දරුණු අනතුරු ඇඟවීමක් කර තිබේ.
ඔහු,
‘පරණ එකාට රටිං පනින්න හරි පුලුවං උනා. මූට නං රටිං පනින්නත් බැරි වෙනවා.” මර්ධනය නවතනු යනුවෙන් සටහන තබා තිබේ.

Chinese spy ship left Sri Lanka but it portrayed an India plagued by chronic insecurities, anxieties and self-doubt

August 26th, 2022

Sreemoy Talukdar Courtesy FirstPost

Helping Sri Lanka in its hour of need, even as a first responder, does not automatically give India the right to dictate terms or call for punishment” or lessons” should things not go New Delhi’s way.

From the ramparts of Red Fort, the prime minister has given a call for India to become a developed nation by 2047, but what does it mean to become developed”? Are development, growth, and composite national power enough, or should there be a commensurate change in attitude? A nation with great power ambitions needs to be confident in its actions and choices. It cannot afford to wallow in self-doubt and anxiety at every step.

To quote C Raja Mohan, the fears of a ‘developing nation’ can’t be the guiding principles for the diplomacy of a ‘developed nation’.

And yet India’s chronic insecurities were all on display over the recent incident of a Chinese spy ship docking at Sri Lanka’s Hambantota port. Yuan Wang 5, a tracking vessel capable of surveillance and monitoring of satellite, rocket and intercontinental ballistic missile launches, has left Sri Lankan shores after a brief docking for replenishment” from 16-22 August, but it leaves behind a debate that portrays India as insecure, too thin-skinned for its own good, lacking in patience, forbearance and confidence.

Worse, the shaming and blaming of Sri Lanka in popular and even strategic discourse — that may well reflect the mood in power corridors of New Delhi — indicate that we have learnt nothing when it comes to neighbourhood diplomacy despite our past experiences and are still bent on living up to the image of a ‘big brother’ to smaller neighbours.

The narrative went that Sri Lanka is ungrateful”, that it betrayed us despite our generous support” in its hour of crisis, that it cannot be trusted”. Its decision to allow the Chinese spy ship to dock at its port was even called a diplomatic slap” to New Delhi.

There could be legitimate concerns over the powerful snooping capabilities of the Chinese spy ship — chock-full of state-of-the-art surveillance equipment and tracking devices — and the dangers it poses to India’s military installations by docking at our near seas. Blaming Sri Lanka for it, however, is insensitive, futile, and counterproductive.

In this piece, I shall explore three broad talking points. Whether Sri Lanka could have done anything else than it did, if there is a case for India’s strategic altruism, and how New Delhi may deal with China’s evolving Indian Ocean strategy.

A close look at the reports surrounding the docking of Yuan Wang 5, one among a class of seven tracking ships that operate throughout the Indo-Pacific and Atlantic oceans, indicate that Sri Lanka could have done precious little once China placed a ‘request’ for replenishment”.

Colombo took on board India’s concerns, tried to reason with China, got threatened in Xi Jinping regime’s signature style, and tried to arrive at an amicable solution because the crisis-ridden country needs help from both sides and cannot afford to choose or antagonise one in favour of another. As a vocal proponent of a multipolar world, India shouldn’t have trouble in grasping this.

Reports indicate that acting on security concerns raised by India, Sri Lanka did impose some restrictions on the vessel. Yuan Wang 5 was granted access a few days after it was originally supposed to dock (on 11 August), and permission for berthing at the Chinese-owned deep-sea port came on conditions that the ship’s Automatic Identification System (AIS) will remain switched on and no ‘scientific research’ can be carried out in Sri Lankan waters. Rotation of personnel was also disallowed during the port call.

Whether or not China adhered to these conditions is an open question, but it doesn’t seem as if Colombo ‘blatantly ignored’ New Delhi’s concerns, rather it attempted to strike a negotiated balance crucial to its well-being and interest. It isn’t clear why Sri Lanka should be blamed for looking to secure own interests.

Worth noting here that while majority of Sri Lanka’s external debt is owed to private creditors, China still holds a sizeable share of the pie, and remains Sri Lanka’s single-largest bilateral creditor. Though figures vary due to methods of calculation, some estimates say about 26% of Lanka’s foreign debt to be restructured are owed to Chinese creditors.”

So far, Beijing has stalled all requests from Colombo for debt restructuring, has put on hold a currency swap deal because Sri Lanka lacks forex liquidity, has refused to negotiate relief and has turned a deaf ear to appeals for bridge financing to the tune of $4 billion. Sri Lanka is critically dependent on China. Unless Beijing agrees to write off or restructure loans, the IMF won’t provide the funds that Lanka’s struggling economy desperately needs.

As The Diplomat quotes an IMF official, as saying, Sri Lanka should engage proactively with China on a debt restructuring” because it is essential for the country’s economic recovery.

That puts enormous leverage in China’s hands, one that the Xi regime isn’t shy of using. Once Colombo asked China to postpone the ship’s visit apparently owing to India’s apprehensions, China was reportedly furious”.

Nikkei Asia reports, quoting highly placed sources” in Lanka’s foreign ministry, that Lanka’s August 6 request for a delay in the vessel’s docking resulted in several high-level meetings in both Beijing and Colombo” where the Chinese expressed dissatisfaction” and were especially angry because approval was granted and then withdrawn.” The report goes on to the cite the official, as saying, that Beijing warned of possible ramifications in relation to restructuring of Sri Lanka’s debt, as well as ongoing negotiations for a $4 billion aid package and a free trade agreement with China.”

Beijing’s tactic in South Asia of ensnaring nations on India’s periphery — that professor Srikanth Kondapalli calls hexiao kongda (cooperate with the small to counter the big)” — through a mix of debt trap and coercive diplomacy should raise concerns in India but those concerns cannot be addressed and relevant solution cannot be found by blaming the smaller nations who have no wish to become a pawn in South Asia’s great geopolitical rivalry. Sri Lanka can hardly be blamed for attempting to balance between the two Asian giants.

At a bigger scale, India also faces coercive pressure in choosing between the West and Russia — a choice that has become starker since Russian invasion of Ukraine, and New Delhi has steadfastly refused to allow other powers to dictate its choices driven by its notion of strategic autonomy. It wouldn’t be acceptable for India, for instance, if tomorrow Washington asks New Delhi not to participate in the upcoming Russia-hosted military exercise, Vostok, where China is also taking part.

Helping Sri Lanka in its hour of need, even as a first responder, does not automatically give India the right to dictate terms or call for punishment” or lessons” should things not go New Delhi’s way. An indignant discourse dominated by such calls is a stunning example of short-sightedness. It is precisely this sort of myopic attitude that triggers resentment in India’s neighbourhood and ultimately harms India’s own security interests.

Besides, as knowledgeable voices have averred, China, in this instance, might be on firm legal ground.

Former Chief of Naval Staff Admiral Arun Prakash (retired) points out in Indian Express that the 1982 UNCLOS agreement permits unfettered freedom of navigation on the high seas and a foreign warship has as much right to be in the Indian Ocean as a similar Indian vessel would in the South China Sea.” Vessels enjoy right of innocent passage” even on territorial waters of another state and docking in foreign ports with prior consent is allowed.

Admiral Prakash also points to the 1907 Hague Convention that permits entry for warships of belligerents into neutral ports for limited durations” even during wartime.” Therefore, he surmises, given its cordial diplomatic relations, and its economic dependence on China, there could be no plausible reason for Sri Lanka to deny entry for Yuan Wang 5.”

Outlook reports that Yuan Wang 5 was one among the nearly 60 foreign naval ships” that visit Sri Lankan ports each month, including vessels from France, Japan, Germany and Bangladesh this year alone. Evidently, it would have been difficult for Sri Lanka to refuse Yuan Wang 5 a berth under normal circumstances — absolutely impossible when it is bankrupt and wants China’s help to revive its economy.

Given the formidable surveillance capabilities of a spy ship as powerful as Yuan Wang class — that reportedly monitors space, satellites, and ICBMs — it wouldn’t require geographic proximity for electronic snooping, which has now anyway become commonplace.

India had declared that it was closely monitoring” the movement of the ship, so, presumably it had precautionary measures in place. As Admiral Prakash writes, One can also be sure that the position and movements of Yuan Wang 5, as long as she is in our waters, will be closely followed by the Indian Navy’s maritime domain awareness matrix.”

A stronger Sri Lanka is in India’s interest. It is for India to ensure that Sri Lanka doesn’t collapse and remains capable of contributing towards the security of Indian Ocean region. India has already given Sri Lanka assistance of around $4 billion in loans, credit lines and currency swaps since January 2002, apart from around $1.5 billion for fuel, food, medicines and fertilizers. However, New Delhi lacks the economic wherewithal to save the collapsing economy alone and must help Colombo in its efforts to get the relief that it seeks from Beijing and the IMF.

India’s security is inextricably tied to Sri Lanka’s — both countries along with Maldives and Mauritius are members of Colombo Security Conclave, a collective maritime security framework — and therefore it is also in India’s interest to show patience and adopt a Sri Lanka policy based on strategic altruism.

A lot has been written and said about India’s decision to hand over a Dornier maritime surveillance aircraft to Colombo, ironically just a day ahead of the docking of the Chinese ship, but I would argue that the Narendra Modi government has done the right thing by taking a long view of bilateral ties.

Sri Lanka has acknowledged that India is the only country to have provided it with a credit line for fuel. On 24 August, amid the raging debate over the Chinese ship, New Delhi handed over a fresh consignment of fertilizer to Colombo amounting to 21000 tonnes in time for the forthcoming paddy season. This is in addition to the 44000 tonnes sent last month.

India has promised that it will assist Sri Lanka further following the island nation’s talks with the IMF for emergency funding.

By giving struggling Sri Lanka the benefit of strategic altruism, at a time when Lanka’s actions have raised concern at home, New Delhi may release bilateral ties from the cycle of expectations and disappointment and nullify to a certain extent the negative image of India that still prevails in some quarters. Those wondering about the prevalence of anti-India lobby” in Sri Lanka despite the help that India has extended to its neighbour” would do well to note that legacy issues tied to the Tamil minority question still cut deep.

Though India’s contribution during the latest crisis has been well received in Sri Lanka, the wounds of past are yet to completely heal. While domestic compulsions prevented India from extending help to Colombo when it was involved in a raging battle against the LTTE — the Tamil separatist movement — it was China that offered help. The China-Sri Lanka friendship, that began in the 1950s with the ‘Ceylon-China-Rubber-Rice pact’, thus gained renewed steam.

Conversely, India’s role remained a sore point. MR Narayan Swamy writes in The Wire that Sri Lankans are not anti-India per se but there are historical reasons why an anti-India strand prevails in the country or why China is at times viewed as a friend. The dominant Sinhalese community remains deeply upset with India for training, arming and harbouring Tamil militants in the 1980s.”

Trust issues, whose roots lie in the past, are slowly being addressed as new generation of Lankans see the contrasting roles played by the two sides. Swamy further notes in the piece that avowed leftist groups in the country such as Janatha Vimukti Peramuna (JVP), that has for decades riled against ‘Indian expansionism’… perhaps for the first time (this year), made India-friendly statements publicly and pledged not to overlook Indian interests.”

The current economic meltdown, therefore, is a seminal moment in bilateral ties. It presents India with an opportunity to address legacy trust issues and start afresh as a sympathetic neighbour whose help doesn’t come with strings attached or who is disinterested in using the assistance as a leverage for foreign policy objectives.

On the other hand, China, that has played a role in triggering the crisis, now not only seems unwilling to bail Sri Lanka out but is keen on weaponising its financial debt. Beijing is seen to be arm-twisting and blackmailing Colombo to further its military interests while being parsimonious on aid.

This, as Rupert Stone argues in The Interpreter, reinforces China’s image as a predatory imperial power that is trying to exploit Sri Lanka for its own purposes.”

Juxtaposing these two behaviours does give India some soft power advantage over China, but New Delhi could extend the goodwill even more through a proactive neighbourhood policy focused on identifying what Sri Lanka needs, ensuring timely delivery and ironing out creases where they exist.

That could include a pact on fishing that remains a thorn in bilateral ties with both sides blaming . It is a complicated legacy that continues to generate ill will. Just this week, Sri Lankan Navy has reportedly arrested 10 Indian fishermen and seized their trawlers.

India could also see to it that projects initiated by it are finished on time. The Jaffna Cultural Centre, for instance, built at an Indian grant of $11 million in 2020 as a public space to ‘promote, preserve and foster the cultural heritage of Jaffna’, and serve as ‘a hub of cultural activities’ in Sri Lanka” still awaits inauguration, notes The Hindu in a report filed in November last year.

The MEA has a division, inaugurated in January 2020, dedicated towards dealing with heritage restoration projects undertaken by the Indian Government across the globe” but it isn’t clear if rebuilding work includes several temples, as Swamy points out in his piece for The Wire, in Sri Lanka in the north and east destroyed during the years of war.”

India could also lend a hand in developing Sri Lanka’s food processing and dairy sectors and urge private players to take part. Demand for this exists and Sri Lanka is keen on India’s cooperation.

Bottomline remains that India must allow Colombo the space to make its own choices and shape its preferences instead of forcing it to choose while adopting a policy centred on strategic altruism and focused on delivering more.

That said, the question of Yuan Wang 5’s arrival in Sri Lanka also has serious security ramifications for India. The Yuan Wang class is categorized as a research vessel and not a military ship, per se, but no one in India, at least, buys the argument that a spy ship class run by the PLA’s Strategic Support Force had benign intentions in docking at Hambantota.

Evidently, Chinese naval activity in India’s regional waters is slated to grow. China already has the world’s largest fleet at 355 warships, according to latest US defence department data, and aims to build 460 vessels by 2030. It stands to reason that as a maritime great power, China would look to project power and dominate the near and far seas.

In Indian Ocean, Beijing seems to be employing a ‘pushing the envelope’ strategy aimed at establishing and normalizing its naval presence. As Abhijit Singh of ORF, a retired Indian naval officer, writes in Indian Express, In the Bay of Bengal and Andaman Sea, China has been sending not warships, but survey and research vessels, as a way of marking presence in the region. Beijing’s gameplan is to demonstrate to India and other Bay states that Chinese activities in the littoral are in keeping with China’s rising global heft.”

Calling the developments cataclysmic”, professor Kondapalli of JNU writes that the space activities of Yuan Wang 5 — that may find permanent deployment in India’s near waters — are likely to support forthcoming ‘fourth dimensional warfare’ in space, with implications for the Quad members.”

India has cause for alarm, but not panic, and certainly nothing could be achieved by bullying smaller neighbours. What India needs to focus on, as former chief of naval staff Admiral Prakash tells Hindustan Times, is building its own capabilities and making more friends in the neighbourhood. You will see more and more Chinese naval activity in the region. How long can we keep protesting?”

To thwart China’s end state — normalizing its quasi-military presence in South Asian and Indian Ocean littorals — and mitigate the security concerns arising out of a rampaging Beijing’s hegemonic moves, India must find a way to reduce the power gap with China, invest in strategic tie-ups (such as space collaboration with ASEAN nations), and focus on strengthening delivery of public goods to smaller states on its periphery so that collective security imperatives become tighter.

Student achieves ‘amazing’ GCSEs despite being in country for less than a year

August 26th, 2022

Courtesy https://www.gloucestershirelive.co.uk/

Udarna Jayawardena puts her success down to the support of her teachers at Stroud High School

Udarna Jayawardena achieved nine grade 9s in her GCSEs
Udarna Jayawardena achieved nine grade 9s in her GCSEs (Image: Stroud High School)

Gloucestershire school has praised a Sri Lankan student who has been in the UK for less than a year for her ‘amazing’ GCSE grades. Udarna Jayawardena, of Stroud High School (SHS), achieved nine grade 9s – some of which in subjects that she had never studied before.

Udarna relocated from Sri Lanka with her family last September. She puts her success down to the support of her teachers at SHS, which included extra individual study sessions.

In a statement, the school said: “We are very proud of Udarna and her hard work. Udarna is moving on to study History, Geography, Economics and French A Levels at Stroud High Sixth Form.”

READ MORE: Reading Festival: Friends plead Arctic Monkeys to give shout out to Gloucestershire teen who died

Over 97 per cent of all grades at SHS were grade 9-5, with over half of all grades either 9 or 8. Around a third of all students achieved 9 grades between 9-7, while just short of two thirds achieved 7 or more grades 7-9.

Mark McShane, Headteacher at Stroud High School, added that other than the outstanding academic results, the year group has excelled in sport, music and drama, and STEM projects. Many students also completed the Duke of Edinburgh Award, taking part in volunteering and expeditions.

Mr McShane said: “The mixture of nervousness and excitement was palpable this morning as students came to collect their GCSE grades. After the most bizarre two years, we have all made it through with completed courses and super grades..

He added: “They have managed all of this despite bubbles and home learning, masks and testing. They had achieved so much before they even opened their envelopes this morning.”

The Headteacher went on to thank the staff at Stroud High School. He applauded their work throughout the difficulties of the pandemic.

Sri Lanka politician freed after calling judges corrupt

August 26th, 2022

Courtesy MailOnLine

Ranjan Ramanayake waves to supporters outside prison after his release

Ranjan Ramanayake waves to supporters outside prison after his release

An outspoken Sri Lankan politician imprisoned last year for accusing the island nation’s judges of corruption was released Friday after a presidential pardon.

Ranjan Ramanayake, 59, was serving as a deputy minister in 2017 when he told reporters that most of the judiciary were dishonest and “work for money”.

He was convicted of contempt of court and jailed for four years in January 2021 but walked free after a reprieve from President Ranil Wickremesinghe.

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“I will continue my campaign against corruption,” Ramanayake told a press pack outside the prison in the capital Colombo. “I want to contest elections and work for my people.”

The president granted the pardon after Ramanayake apologised to courts, a government official said.

Ramanayake had claimed he was targeted for speaking out against corruption.

He was also arrested in 2020 and charged for allegedly recording more than 100,000 personal phone calls.

The sometimes lewd and compromising contents were leaked on social media, causing a major scandal.

In some of the tapes, Ramanayake is heard discussing court cases with judges, police, politicians and local celebrities.

Police seized hard drives from his home and announced a probe into whether the recordings had been used for blackmail or other criminal activity.

The investigation remains open.

China pledges support to Sri Lanka at UNHRC session in September 

August 26th, 2022

Meera Srinivasan  Courtesy The Hindu

Sri Lanka awaits China’s response to its request for bridge loans to tide over the country’s enduring economic crisis

Weeks ahead of the UN Human Rights Council (UNHRC) session in Geneva, where a resolution on Sri Lanka is expected to be tabled, China has said it will continue to support” Sri Lanka in international fora while slamming countries far or near” for bullying” the island nation.  

China has always been supporting Sri Lanka in the international fora for protecting its sovereignty, independence, and territorial integrity. We will continue to do that. In contrast, some countries, far or near, always make various groundless excuses to bully Sri Lanka and trample on Sri Lanka’s sovereignty and independence repeatedly,” Ambassador Qi Zhenhong said in an article for the local portal  Sri Lanka Guardian, published subsequently on the Chinese Embassy’s website on Friday. 

His remarks come even as Sri Lanka awaits China’s response to its request for bridge loans to tide over the country’s enduring economic crisis. While Beijing announced a $74 million grant in May, it is yet to respond to Colombo’s appeal for urgent help reportedly to the tune of $4 billion. Further, Colombo is anxiously seeking China’s cooperation to restructure its foreign debt, a process that could impact its chances of securing crucial assistance from the International Monetary Fund.  

Drawing attention to two recent China-related news developments, the top Chinese diplomat referenced US House Speaker Nancy Pelosi’s sneaky visit” to China’s Taiwan region, and the support from over 170 countries”, including Sri Lanka, to the ‘One-China Principle’.

He also highlighted the successful” docking of the Chinese military vessel Yuan Wang 5 at Sri Lanka’s southern Hambantota Port after China and Sri Lanka altogether resisted the rude and unreasonable interference from third parties”. The ship deferred its arrival by a few days on Sri Lanka’s request, after India and US raised concern over its visit, and left on August 22 after a week in Hambantota. 

Linking developments in Taiwan with the Chinese vessel’s visit to Sri Lanka, the Ambassador said though they may seem irrelevant and thousands of miles apart”, both share a same great significance” between China and Sri Lanka, that is to jointly safeguard each other’s sovereignty, independence, and territorial integrity”.  

Human rights 

Referring to the coming session — the 51st — of the UN Human Rights Council in Geneva, Qi said human rights issues in Sri Lanka might probably be stirred up again”. Pointing to Sri Lankans grappling with severe economic and humanitarian difficulties”, many might wonder what those countries who have been always preaching” about human rights will actually do.

Will they help Sri Lanka to ease its human rights crisis by providing concrete support? Or will they again use human rights as a cover-up tool to interfere into the island nation’s internal affairs and continue to rub salt into the wound of the Sri Lankan people? Just let’s wait and see,” he said. 

In March 2021, the Human Rights Council adopted a resolution titled ‘Promoting reconciliation, accountability and human rights in Sri Lanka’ with 22 of its 47 members voting for the resolution. China voted against it, backing Sri Lanka, while India abstained.  

In the March 2022 session, the ‘Core Group’ on Sri Lanka, comprising the UK, the US, Canada, Germany, North Macedonia, Malawi, and Montenegro, noted in a statement that surveillance and intimidation of civil society persist, and detentions, threats, and intimidation of journalists and human rights defenders continue”. 

Cops who took photos seated on President’s chair face probe – Police tell court

August 26th, 2022

Courtesy The Daily Mirror

An investigation is underway to find out the policemen who took photographs while sitting on the President’s chair and several other locations inside President’s House, police informed Colombo Fort Magistrate.

The Colombo Central Division Criminal Investigation Unit made this revelation before Magistrate Thilina Gamage in response to an allegation made by President’s Counsel Maithri Gunaratne. (Lakmal Sooriyagoda)

Ranjan not granted full freedom, civic rights: Sajith

August 26th, 2022

Courtesy The Daily Mirror

Former MP Ranjan Ramanayake has not got full freedom as he has not been given his civic rights, Leader of Opposition Sajith Premadasa said.

Mr. Premadasa said he and Samagi Jana Balawegaya (SJB) is not happy with the half freedom he has got.

“Mr. Ramanayake has not been released under article 34 of the constitution and therefore he has no civic rights,” he added.

“We will not pressurise the government to grant Mr. Ramanayake his civic rights as he has got freedom after a long imprisonment. We actually thank the President and other Ministers who have been instrumental in getting Ranjan the presidential amnesty, Mr. Premadasa said.

“We will appoint Mr. Ramanayake through the SJB national list whenever a position falls vacant. However that cannot be done as Rajan has not given him full civic rights,” he said. (Yohan Perera)

Will not tolerate any infringement on Sri Lanka’s sovereignty, territorial integrity: China

August 26th, 2022

Courtesy Adaderana

China has always been supporting Sri Lanka in the international fora for protecting its sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity, Ambassador of China to Sri Lanka Qi Zhenhong says.

In an article titled, From One-China Principle to Yuan Wang 5: Let’s Join Hands and Resolutely Safeguard Our Sovereignty, Independence and Territorial Integrity”, he reiterated China’s continued commitment to support the island nation.

In contrast, some countries always make various groundless excuses to bully Sri Lanka and trample on the island’s sovereignty and independence repeatedly, the Chinese envoy said further.

He noted that human rights issues in Sri Lanka are likely to be stirred up again at the 51st session of the UN Human Rights Council to be held in Geneva next month.

As the Sri Lankan people are still grappling with severe economic and humanitarian difficulties, many might wonder what those countries who have been always preaching about human rights will actually do. Will they help Sri Lanka to ease its human rights crisis by providing concrete support? Or will they again use human rights as a cover-up tool to interfere into the island nation’s internal affairs and continue to rub salt into the wound of Sri Lankan people? Just let’s wait and see.”

The Chinese envoy said any infringement on the national sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity of Sri Lanka will not be tolerated.

With regard to the visit of the Chinese research vessel Yuan Wang 5 to Sri Lanka, Mr. Qi said approving a foreign vessel’s port call at Hambantota or any other port for replenishment is a decision made by the Sri Lankan government completely within its sovereignty.

All scientific research activities of Yuan Wang 5 complied with the international law and common international practice, he said further, adding that external obstruction based on so called security concerns” but without any evidence from certain forces is de facto a thorough interference into Sri Lanka’s sovereignty and independence.

Fortunately, with China and Sri Lanka’s joint efforts, the incident was resolved properly, which not only safeguards Sri Lanka’s sovereignty and independence, but also defend the international fairness and justice once again.”

The Chinese ambassador also slammed the visit of Nancy Pelosi to Taiwan, claiming that it is a serious violation of the One-China Principle and the provisions of the three China-U.S. joint communiqués.

Mr. Qi remarked that it seriously infringes on China’s sovereignty and territorial integrity, gravely undermines peace and stability across the Taiwan Strait, and sends a seriously wrong signal to the Taiwan independence” separatist forces.

He also dismissed the claims that China has overreacted, escalated the tension and changes the Taiwan Strait status quo. It is the US and the Taiwan separatists that commits irresponsible acts, changes and escalates the Taiwan Strait situation, not China. China has every reason to respond unhesitantly to the severe impacts caused by the Taiwan visit of Speaker Pelosi, second in line to the US presidency and the No. 3 official of the US government.”

Upholding the One-China Principle is not only about safeguarding China’s core interests, but also safeguarding the UN Charter and the basic norms of international relations, the Chinese envoy said further.

More activists arrested over forcible entry to state buildings granted bail

August 26th, 2022

Courtesy Adaderana

The Colombo Fort Magistrate’s Court granted bail to 07 remanded suspects including Dhaniz Ali who were in remand custody over the forcible entry to the Presidential residence.

The order was issued by the Colombo Fort Magistrate Thilina Gamage.

In addition, two more suspects including Lahiru Weerasekara who were named as the suspects in the case were also granted bail today. They were released on surety bail of Rs. 500,000 each.

In the meantime, Colombo Fort Magistrate Thilina Gamage ordered two activists of ‘Aragalaya’ protest movement Piyath Nikeshala and Ven. Balangoda Kashyapa Thero to be released on surety bail of each worth Rs. 500,000.

The two suspects were arrested and remanded in custody on charges of forcible entry to the Prime Minister’s office and damaging its property.

The magistrate issued the order considering the bail requests made by the attorneys who appeared on behalf of the suspects arrested by the Criminal Investigation Department (CID).

The case was fixed to be taken up again on October 12.

Ranjan accepts new position as goodwill ambassador for migrant workers

August 26th, 2022

Courtesy Adaderana

Upon his release from prison earlier today (Aug 26), former MP Ranjan Ramanayake accepted a new position as a goodwill ambassador to promote the welfare of Sri Lankan migrant workers, says Minister of Labour and Foreign Employment Manusha Nanayakkara.

This is a voluntary position to make use of Ramanayake’s tacit knowledge in the area of foreign employment, Minister Nanayakkara said further in a tweet.

Beware the NEDdas!

August 25th, 2022

Malinda Seneviratne

In Sri Lanka’s political lexicon there are two terms that have obtained a lot of play over the past 8 years or so: Toyyas and BayyasBayyas are sometimes taken to be Rajapaksa loyalists but the truth of that identity goes beyond that family and could be best understood as a contradistinction of ToyyasToyyas are certainly anti-Rakapaksa but that’s not all they are.

They are anti-Rajapaksa because they believe the Rajapaksas represent BayyasToyyas would suffer any and all violations that the Rajapaksas are accused of if they were committed by those they believe represent the Toyya community, let’s say. That’s those who can be called Kolombians, candle-light ladies, Colombots, rent-a-protest NGO personalities, funded-voices etc.

They typically are anglicized, speak English and can hardly cobble together five Sinhala or Tamil words into a coherent sentence, are often virulently anti-Buddhist and are somehow ashamed of their Sinhala or Tamil ancestry. In short, the kalu-suddhas. The Uncle Toms, if you want a term that the likes of US Ambassador Julie Chung would understand.

Then we have the Wannabe Toyyas,. Most of them believe that adopting Toyya lifestyles, parroting Toyya political preferences and chorusing Toyya antipathies would give them Toyya membership. They were in for a rude shock when the aragalaya imploded — the Toyyas all but branded them as Bayyas, riffraff and rabble, refusing membership and putting quite some distance between themselves and these clearly confused individuals.

Bayyas are no saints either. Most of them know they will be denied Toyya membership. Some (a few) are happy with who they are and are not interested in membership while the politics of others are defined by undisguised envy of the Toyya community.  

The aragalaya brought to fore another class of people, small in numbers but certainly effective, at least in terms of delivering the deliverables for which their bosses reward them one way or another: the NEDdas, which is derived from ‘National Endowment for Democracy.’ It has not entered the political lexicon, but it ought to, considering the fact that Neddas were in the thick of things over the past few months or rather were thrust into the thick of things after careful and long preparation over several years.

Before we get to NEDdas, we need to get to NED and to do that we need to understand the machinations of the US government and relevant agents.

Whenever the USA proposes democracy or gets teary about human rights countries that are the intended beneficiary of largesse need to worry. This is not because democracy is a bad thing; it is not. It is not because human rights need not be upheld; they need to be. It is all about what these terms portend when uttered by the USA.  

As is abundantly clear to any serious student of the USA and as has been pithily argued by Noam Chomsky in ‘What Uncle Sam really wants,’ Washington doesn’t give two hoots about democracy, human rights, peace or other such lofty ideals. Washington has supported and still supports military juntas, theocracies, monarchies, dictatorships and other forms of totalitarian regimes marked by intolerance, violent crushing of dissent and blatant violation of human rights. Not surprising considering the absolute mockery of democracy and human rights in the USA itself, from back in the day to this very moment.

The terms have currency only when Washington has to deal with regimes or leaders not willing to play comply with US diktat. The USA still does the guns-in-booty-out number but where this is not possible, other means have to be employed. If countries need to be destabilized to get rid of unfriendly leaders or governments and if naked force is not an option for whatever reason subterfuge becomes the default Plan B. The CIA moves in. The CIA has got such a bad reputation, though, that US subterfuge needed a different name, a different lexicon and people wearing different clothes, especially after Congress forbade the agency to organize coup d’etat to secure markets. That’s when the White House and National Security Council moved in to get around the problem. That’s how the National Endowment for Democracy (NED) was set up. 

The four key subsidiaries of NED (National Democratic Institute, International Republican Institute, American Center for International Labor Solidarity and the Center for International Private Enterprise), gives it wide operative space and the requisite vocabulary yielding a civilizational veneer that can entrap the gullible (we are being kind here). It’s founder, Alan Weinstein wasn’t that cute — he called it the Second CIA way back in 1991.

So Washington funds NED, NED creates programs and outsources it to local NGOs in targeted countries who are tasked to make create molehills, turn them into mountains, create or precipitate the creation of objective preconditions where none exist or exploit such that do exist to manufacture and nurture popular dissent. Typically, the envisaged end, despite rhetoric about system-change, is replacement of a government or leader refusing to play ball with Washington by a leadership that is amenable to the advancement of US strategic interests.
 

Today, it is well known that the NED helped disintegrate the Society Union and was in the thick of political changes (not system change) in Georgia, Serbia, Ukraine and the uprisings dubbed ‘Arab Spring’ but which produced an endless and terrifying winter, paradoxically, in the Middle East. Venezuela knows of NED involvement.  It’s not hard to find which countries the NED has funded, which kinds of regimes were targeted and which supported and their relevant loyalties or otherwise to the USA. It is easy to see whether NED-supported groups and governments were or exemplify purported NED-values. 


NED is convenient. The name itself disarms the ignorant and gullible. Those in the know, are clearly beneficiaries as organizations or individuals and as such are willing pawns in Washington’s designs can claim, as some have, ‘No, we never got US funds.’ Indeed, one such individual who would have people believe he is in or is ‘the epicenter of the aragalaya’ (one wonders what other ‘epicenterists’ would have to say to this claim), when confronted with evidence of involvement with NED, backtracked and tried the age-old diversionary tactic — ‘Alright, yes, but what’s wrong with things like voter-education, eh?’ Others could ask, ‘what’s wrong with democracy, human rights etc.?’  A simple counter-question would suffice to floor them all: ‘to what end, really, brother?’

First, the condescension is insufferable. The assumption is that Sri Lankan voters are ignorant and need democracy-tuition. Second, there’s a pernicious twisting of all norms of democracy; constitution and popular will as expressed through the ballot are brushed aside in favour of manufactured and exaggerated popular dissent followed by tacit withdrawal of support for agitation the moment the preferred political outcome is obtained. Third, typically, the track records of the agents roped in make dismal reading.  It is easy after all to identify reasonably intelligent people with chips on their shoulders (which usually has nothing to do with ideological or political bent but about some simmering element of self-doubt or bruised egos) and cultivate them to be deployed at the right time. Yes, the NEDdas.

Now the NEDdas could say (and they have) ‘it doesn’t matter who gives money as long as the job is done.’ Well, that’s an end-justifies-the-means argument. Regardless, if anyone doesn’t care about what this ‘job’ is all about, has no clue and doesn’t care about history and the ways in which NED has operated and for what kind of goals, then such people aren’t really serious about system-change. They, in fact, are doing a job. Hatchet job, one might say.

It’s all about the Golden Rule — he who owns the gold, makes the rules. I wouldn’t call people innocent or naive for not taking the trouble to find out what’s what; I call them irresponsible and dangerous. They charter agitation to waters into which the bad ship ‘US Interests’ can sail in without obstacle. They don’t give a hoot about Sri Lanka. The only Sri Lankans they do care about are themselves. 

NEDdas are easily identified. One could check the organizations that NED funds, for starters. One could check NEDda positions (what they promote, who they condemn — countries included) and compare with NED ‘prerogatives.’ If NEDdas don’t care whether or not money is channeled by or through murderers, sackers of cities and other thugs, then of course they are seriously value-challenged. Should be noted.  

NEDdas. They need watching. Especially by all the hundreds and thousands who with pureness of heart and idealistic fervour about forging a different kind of nation with truly representative and democratic institutions and processes have their all to the aragalaya. There will be hundreds and thousands of other who will walk this path. They too will have their dreams blown up in their faces by NEDdas of the future. It need not be that way. Gotta keep NEDdas at bay though.

This article was first published in the Daily Mirror (August 25, 2022)
malindadocs@gmail.com
[Malinda Seneviratne is the Director, Hector Kobbekaduwa Agrarian Research and Training Institute. These are his personal views.’]

No free meal 

August 25th, 2022

ජයන්ත හේරත්

බයිඩ්න්

ඊයේ

මරු වැඩක් දුන්නේය.

මිලියන් 40 ගේ

ශිෂ්ය ණය

එක පෑන්

පහරකින්

කපා දැමීය,

ඇමෙරිකන් ඩොලර්

ට්රිලියන් භාගයකි,

බිලියන් 500 කි

අපට ගෙවන්නට ඇති

විදේශීය නය මෙන්

10 ගුණයකි.

සිම්පල් ය

දියයුත්තේ

executive ඕර්ඩර්

එකය.

ඕඩරය

ඒ අයුරෙන්ම ක්රියාත්මක විය යුතුය.

14% ට

නොමිලේ

උසස් අධ්යාපනය

සලසනු වෙනුවට

කල යුත්තේ

සියලුම

ශිෂ්යයන්ට

ණය ලබා ගැනීමට පහසුකම් සලසා 

උසස් අධ්යාපනය දීමය.

පුහුණු ශ්‍රමිකයින්

බිහි කිරීමය.

අවසානයේ

කරන්නා වූ රැකියාව

හා

ලබන ආදායම මත

සහනාදායි ක්රමයකට

පොලිය ඇතුව හෝ නැතුව

නැවත ගෙවීමේ ක්රමයකට

උසස් අධ්යාපනය

ලබා ගැනීමට සැලසීමය.

එවිට

නොමිලේ කමින් බොමින්

ජොලි කරමින්

උද්ඝෝෂණ කරන

මානසික තත්වය නැති වී ගොස්

ඉගෙනීම වෙනුවෙන්,

දැනුම ලබා ගැනීම වෙනුවෙන්

තරුණ කාලය යෙදවීමට

වගකීමක් ඇතුව වැඩ කරන්නට 

තරුණ පිරිස පෙළඹෙනු ඇත.

අපේ අසල්වැසි

ඉන්දියාව

කරන්නේ

තරුණ තරුණියන්

අර්ධ පුහුණු ශ්රමිකයන් කර

ණය ලබා දී

ඇමරිකාවට 

අපනයනය

කර ආදායම තර කර ගැනීමය.

අපට වුවද එය පහසුවෙන් කරන්නට පුළුවන.

පුද්ගලීකරණයෙන්

හෝ

මිලිටරීකරණයෙන්

හෝ

අපේ තරුණ පිරිස

කාර්යක්ෂම

පුහුණු ශ්රමිකයන් බවට පත් කල යුතුය,

නව නිර්මාන

කරන පිරිසක් බවට හැරවිය යුතුය

මේවාට

අකුල් හෙලන

අන්තරේ

jvp npp පෙරටුගාමීන්

අඳුනා ගෙන,

අවවාද නොපිලි ගන්නේ නම්

වහාම

ඔවුන්ගේ ශිෂ්යභාවය

අහෝසි කර

විශ්ව විද්යාල පද්ධතිය තුලින් නෙරපා දැමිය යුතුය.

මොවුනට

උඩගෙඩි දෙන්නෝ වෙත් නම්

ඔවුන්ටද දැඩි දඬුවම් ලබා දිය යුතුය.

අන්තරයේ බලය

කුඩු පට්ටම් කර

මකා දමා

විශ්ව විද්යාල පද්ධතිය රැක ගන්නට

පියවර නොගන්න තාක් කල්

රටට සෙතක් වන්නේ නැත.

කොමිස් ගහන්න රුසියා, රුසියා තෙල් එපා කියයි

August 25th, 2022

 Lanka Lead News

ලංකාව තෙල් ප්‍රශ්නයෙන් ගලවා ගැනීමට රුසියාවෙන් අලුත් උත්තරයක් ලබාදී ඇත. මෙම උත්තරය ලංකාවේ ඉන්ධන ප්‍රශ්නයට ඛනිජ තෙල් ඇමැතිවරයා දුන් උත්තරවලට වඩා හාත්පසින්ම වෙනස් එකකි. එය මාසිකව ඩොලර් මිලියන 300 ක් වටිනා ඛනිජ තෙල් වසර දෙකක ණය පදනමක් යටතේ ලබා දීමටයි. මේ සම්බන්ධව රුසියාවේ ඉන්තුම් හෝල්ඩින්ස් සමාගම ලංකා ඛනිජ තෙල් නීතිගත සංස්ථාවට අවබෝධතා ගිවිසුමක් ඉදිරිපත් කර තිබෙන බව ජාතික නිදහස් පෙරමුණේ ජාතික සංවිධායක පාර්ලිමේන්තු මන්ත්‍රී ජයන්ත සමරවීර මහතා ප්‍රකාශ කර ඇත. මේ සම්බන්ධයෙන් කළ සොයා බැලීමකදී අනාවරණය වූයේ ලෝක වෙළෙඳපොළේ පවතින මිලට වඩා සියයට පහළොවත් තිහත් අතර මිලකට අඩුවෙන් ඉන්ධන ලබාදීමට එම සමාගම ලංකා ඛනිජ තෙල් නීතිගත සංස්ථාවට අවබෝධතා ගිවිසුමක් ඉදිරිපත් කර ඇති බවයි.

රටේ පවතින සෑම ගැටලුවකටම මුල ඩොලර් හිඟය බව පුංචි දරුවකු පවා දන්නා කාරණයකි. පසුගියදා රුසියාවේ ඉන්ධන සමාගම ලංකා ඛනිජ තෙල් සංස්ථාවට ඉදිරිපත් කළ ගිවිසුම අපේ රටට අතිශය වැදගත් වේ. නමුත් මේ රටේ අහේතුවකට පහළ වූ ‘කොමිස් කාක්කන්’ හට රුසියා උත්තරය වහකදුරුමය. පසුගිය කාලයේ අපේ රටේ තෙල් පෝලිම්වල සිදු වූ මරණ විස්සකට අධිකය. පාසල් අධ්‍යාපනය, රටේ සේවය යථා පරිදි පවත්වාගෙන යෑම, කර්මාන්ත, කෘෂිකර්මාන්තය පවත්වාගෙන යෑම ආදියට ඉන්ධන නොමැතිකමින් පසුගිය කාලයේ මුළු රටම එකතැන නැවතුණි. රජය මගින් හඳුන්වා දුන් ූඍ ක්‍රමය ඉන්ධන පෝලිම් අවසන් කිරීමට සමත් වුව ද, ත්‍රිරෝද, පෞද්ගලික බස් හිමියන් එයින් සෑහීමකට පත් නොවන බවට දක්නට ඇත. සැබවින්ම ත්‍රිරෝද රථ සඳහා සතියකට ලබාදෙන ඉන්ධන ලීටර් පහක කෝටාව ඔවුන්ට කුලී ගමන් සඳහා ප්‍රමාණවත් නොවේ. පෞද්ගලික බස් රථ හා අනෙකුත් ප්‍රවාහන සේවයන්ට ලැබෙන ඉන්ධන ප්‍රමාණය ද ප්‍රමාණවත් නොවීමෙන් ඔවුන් ද අද නඟන මැසිවිලි අප්‍රමණය. පිරවුම්හල්වලට තෙල් නොලැබීම හා නැවත තෙල් නැවක් මෙරටට පැමිණෙන දිනය වැනි ගැටලුවලට නිසි පිළිතුරක් දීමට අදාළ බලධාරීන්ට නොහැකිව ඇත.

මෙරට ඉන්ධන හිඟයට කදිම නිදසුනක් රුසියානු සමාගමක් මගින් ඉදිරිපත් කර ඇත්තේ මෙවැනි වතාවරණයක් තුළය. අපේ රටට බොහෝ අවස්ථාවල ඉන්ධන ලබා ගත්තේ යම් සැපයුම්කරුවකු හරහාය. ඕමාන් රාජ්‍යයෙන් තෙල් මිලදී ගන්නේ කටාර් රාජ්‍යයේ තෙල් සැපයුම්කරුවකුගෙනි. එම සමාගමේ මූල්‍ය අධ්‍යක්ෂවරයා ලෙස කටයුතු කරන්නේ අපේ රටේ දේශපාලනඥයකු බවට තොරතුරු ලැබී ඇත. ඔහු ගැන හිටපු ඇමැතිවරයකු වරින්වර ප්‍රකාශ ද නිකුත් කළේය. ඉන්ධන සැපයුම්කරු සමාගම් හරහා ඉන්ධන ආනයන කිරීමේදී සාමාන්‍ය මිලට වඩා මිල ඉහළ යෑමක් සිදුවන්නේ කොමිස් මුදල් ගෙවීමට සිදු වීමෙනි. මේ ගෙවීම් සියල්ල සිදු කරන්නේ ඩොලර්වලනි.

රුසියාවෙන් තෙල් මිලදී ගැනීමේදී අලෙවි කරනු ලබන්නේ රූබල්වලටය. මේ හේතු නිසා කොමිස් මුදල් නැති වීම බලවත් පිරිසකට අද ගැටලුවකි. එයට හේතුව රුසියාවේ ඉන්ධන අපනයනය කරනු ලබන සමාගම් රැසක් ඇතත් ඒවායෙන් වැඩි ප්‍රමාණයක් රුසියානු රජයට අයත් වීමය. රාජ්‍ය ආයතන සමග ගනුදෙනු කිරීමේදී කොමිස් මුදල් ගසාකෑමක් සිදුකළ නොහැකි වීමෙන් රුසියාවෙන් ඉන්ධන ලබා ගැනීමට අදාළ බලධාරීන්ට නොහැකි වීමෙන් බාධාවක් වී ඇති බව වර්තා වී ඇත.

රුසියාව තෙල් බැරලයක් අලෙවි කරන්නේ ඩොලර්වලින් ගණනය කළහොත් ඩොලර් 69 ත් 80 ත් අතර මිලකටය. ඉන්දියාව පසුගිය කාලය තුළ ඉන්දීය ණය යෝජනා ක්‍රමය යටතේ අපට ඉන්ධන ලබාදුන්නේ ඩොලර් 150 ක් වැනි මුදලකටය. එසේ ලබාදුන්නේ ඔවුන් ඩොලර් 67 කට ලබාගත් ඉන්ධන බව වැඩි දෙනා කියන කාරණයකි. වැඩි මුදලකට තෙල් ගැනීම යනු අපේ රටේ ඇති බරපතළ ගැටලුවකි.

සපුගස්කන්ද තෙල් පිරිපහදුවේ සේවකයන් සඳහා අතිකාල දීමනා ලෙස රුපියල් කෝටි 250 ත් 300 ත් අතර මුදලක් ගෙවා ඇත. විදුලිබල හා බලශක්ති ඇමැති කංචන විජේසේකර මහතා මේ බව පැවසුවේ පසුගියදා පාර්ලිමේන්තුවේය. එම අතිකාල දීමනා කාහටද යැයි සොයා බලා පාර්ලිමේන්තුවට වාර්තාවක් ඉදිරිපත් කරන බව ද හෙතෙම පැවසීය. පසුගිය කාලය තුළදී රටේ තෙල් නැතුව තෙල් බවුසරයක්වත් දුවන්නේ නැතුව පිරිපහදුව වසා තිබුණු කාලයක් ඔබට මතක ඇති. මෙවන් රටේ අර්බුදකාරී වාතාවරණයක් තිබියදී රටේ ධනය නිකරුණේ වැය කිරීම ජාතියේ අපරාධයකි. තත්ත්වය දැන් පැහැදිලිය. වසා තිබූ පිරිපහදුවේ සේවකයන්ට හා සංස්ථා සේවකයන්ට කෝටි ගණන් දීමනා ගෙවන මුවාවෙන් ඛනිජ තෙල් සංස්ථාවේ බලධාරීන් මේ කරන්නේ බලවත් කොමිස් ගැහිල්ලකි. නමුත් කළ යුත්තේ රුපියල් කෝටි ගණන් කොමිස් ගසාකෑම නොව රුසියාවේ තෙල් සහනය ලබා ගැනීමයි.

රුසියාවෙන් අපේ රටට ඉන්ධන ලබාදුන්න ද මුදල් ගෙවීමේදී අපේ රටට ප්‍රශ්න රාශියකට මැදි වීමට සිදු වී ඇත. ඉන්දියාව රුසියාව අතර මුදල් සම්බන්ධව ගිවිසුමක් ඇති නිසා ඔවුන්ට ගැටලුවක් නොමැත. එහෙත් ලංකාවට තවමත් එවැනි ගිවිසුමක් නොමැති නිසා එයට පිළිතුරු සෙවීමට අපේ රටේ බලධාරීන් වහා ක්‍රියාත්මක විය යුතුය. ඉන්ධන හිඟයට තවමත් තිරසාර ගිවිසුමක් නැත. අප ඉහත කී ‘කොමිස් කාක්කන්ට’ යට නොවී එම ව්‍යාපෘතිය කඩිනමින් ක්‍රියාත්මක කිරීමට ජනපතිවරයා ප්‍රමුඛ ආණ්ඩුව වහා පියවර ගත යුතුව ඇත.

● රමින්ද ලසන්ත මාවතගේ

Central Bank of Sri Lanka (CBSL) Governor to conduct special program for MPs on Sri Lanka’s economic situation

August 25th, 2022

Courtesy Adaderana

Acting Secretary General of Parliament Ms. Kushani Rohanadheera has informed all Members of Parliament to participate for the special program conducted by the Governor of the Central Bank on Sri Lanka’s current economic situation and way forward.”

Organized as per the instructions of the Speaker of Parliament Mahinda Yapa Abeywardena, this interactive discussion is scheduled to be held on Tuesday (August 30), from 2.00 pm to 4.00 pm at the Committee Room No. 1 of the Parliament.

The Acting Secretary General has further informed that this dialogic discourse has been organized with the aim of providing an opportunity for effective discourse on the current economic situation and future economic direction of the country, so that it will be useful for the Members of Parliament to actively participate in the upcoming parliamentary debates regarding fiscal matters.

Sri Lanka reports 6 more Covid-19 deaths, 114 new cases

August 25th, 2022

Courtesy Adaderana

he Director General of Health Services has confirmed another six Covid-19 related deaths for yesterday (August 24).

The deceased includes four males and two females with all but one in the age group of 60 yeas and above. The other is between 30-59 years of age. 

Meanwhile another 114 new Covid-19 infections have been detected today (25) increasing the tally of coronavirus cases reported in the country to 669,581.

Woman arrested over pushing SLPP supporters into Beira Lake remanded

August 25th, 2022

Courtesy Adaderana

The Colombo Magistrate’s Court today ordered to remand until September 01 a woman who was arrested in relation to the incident of pushing a group of Sri Lanka Podujana Peramuna (SLPP) supporters into the Beira Lake at Slave Island on May 09.

The order was issued when the case was taken up before Colombo Fort Magistrate Thilina Gamage today (25).

Accordingly, the magistrate who ordered the woman to be remanded in custody until September 01, further ordered her to be produced in an identification parade following a request made by the police.

‘Aragalaya’ activist Senadhi Guruge remanded

August 25th, 2022

Courtesy Adaderana

A leading activist of ‘Aragalaya’ protest movement, Senadhi Guruge, who was arrested in connection with an assault on two intelligence officers, has been remanded until September 02.

When Guruge was produced before Colombo Fort Magistrate Thilina Gamage earlier today, the police made a request to refer him to an identification parade.

Accordingly, he will be referred to an identification parade on September 02.

Guruge was taken into custody on Thursday (Aug 24) by the crimes unit of Colombo Central Police for allegedly kidnapping two intelligence officers on June 12 and assaulting them.

Meanwhile, Colombo Fort Magistrate’s Court ordered to recall the warrant issued for the arrest of Lahiru Weerasekara, another leading activist of the mass protest movement, after he appeared before the Fort Magistrate’s Court today.

Weerasekara surrendered to the court through his attorneys.

Abolish the white elephant and the national curse, “The Provincial Councils”-An open letter

August 24th, 2022

Dr. Sudath Gunasekara (SLAS) Former Secretary to Prime Minister Sirimavo Bandaaranaayaka, President Sri Lanka Administrative Service (1991-1994) and President Mahanuwara Sinhala Bauddha Jesta Purawwesiyange Sanvidhaanaya.

An open letter to the President, the Prime Minister, Minister of Public Administration, the Minister of local Government and Provincial Councils and all patriotic Members in this Parliament if there is any?

Abolish the white elephant and the national curse, The Provincial Councils” and its root cause, The JR/ Rajiv Accord of 29th July 1987 at least now, if you love your Motherland.

To save Mother Lanka from the following four disasters

*1 First, from running into total bankruptcy due to wasting nearly Rs.331 billion (2020) annually on this white elephant for the past 35 years that has brought zero benefit to the country and the people. (the first disaster)

(it benefits only the parasitic politicians as stated in detail below) on the one hand and on the other depriving the central Government of that colossal sum of revenue that could have been used for meaningful development in the country to alleviate mass poverty in the country)

*2. Second, from overall breakdown of the time-tested District Administration system together with the well set Divisional and village network and resulting in total collapse of governance in the whole country. (the second disaster,).

due to chaotic duplicity, confusion, overlapping and inter-institutional and inter -personal conflicts created by this Indian political intruder in to a deeply rooted traditional District Administration system like un to a fatal virus, that kills it.

*3. Third, the inconvenience, confusion, delay in delivery of services to the people and additional expenses due to centralization of services from the district to the provinces, in contrast to the promised decentralization under the 13th Amendment (third disaster)

*4. Finally, To, save the motherland from disintegration into ethnic enclaves eternally fighting each other for resources like land, water   and the disappearance of a 2500-year-old Sinhala Buddhist unitary Kingdom from the surface of this planet (the fourth disaster)

6.9 million people expected Gotabahaya and his Government to abolish this white elephant

The 6.9 million people who voted Gotabahaya in Nov 2019 and the SLPP in May 2020 demand this Parliament to abolish the white elephant and the curse that is Provincial Councils and its root cause, the JR/ Rajiv Accord of 29th July 1987.But it never happened. Therefore,  they now demand  the present government to abolish this curse to the nation at least now to amend the 35 years of political, economic, social, and administrative confusion and destructions it has already brought about to this country and to stop any such further devastation tomorrow, before this Indian made political time bomb completely destroys this Island nation and its 2500 year old great Sinhala Buddhist civilization, the envy of the whole world and the pivot of the emerging Indo-Pacific World of the  21st century.

I am addressing this note to this Government to lodge a demand on behalf of the whole nation to abolish the Provincial Council system together with the 13th Amendment and the Rajiv/JR Indo Sri Lankan Accord of 29th July 1987, that gave birth to Provincial Councils before they do any further damage to the 2500-year-old unique Sinhala Buddhist legacy in this country with a pinch of Tamil, Muslim and Catholic culture existing in tandem in harmony for millennia past.

The crying need  to abolish these two veritable political, economic social and cultural cankers forthwith that gave birth to Provincial Councils and brought about many more inconsistencies and historical travesties in the Island’s long and checkered history  (explained in detail below), in order to rescue this unique tiny Island nation from disappearing forever from this planet earth in few years due to ethnic disintegration, disunity and infighting between Bhoomiputra Sinhalese and intruder Tamil and Muslim ethnic groups, resulting from this well designed Indian political Atom bomb called the Provincial Councils, planted to destroy this 2500-year-old Glorious Sinhala Buddhist civilization, an all-time pride and a priceless jeweled crown for human civilization on this planet.

Now, let us identify the following catastrophes that have already resulted from these two Indian political conspiracies.

1.Complete disintegration and division of the Sri Lankan State into 9 different ethnic and religious enclaves set at loggerheads fighting for its ownership and resources like land and water and threatening its unitary status and sovereignty as a nation that had been defended and protected at very high cost by our ancient Kings, numbering 196, (from 543 BC to 1815 AD) and its patriotic people for 2500 years.

2. A complete breakdown and disruption of the native District, Divisional and Village administration system, that had been our legacy from the distant past and efficiently used even by the British up to 1948.

3 Destabilization of governance resulting in complete anarchy due to breaking down in the day-to-day civil administration and development and maintenance of law and order thorough out the country due inter-institutional and inter personal conflicts arising from the multiplicity and duplicity of governmentinstitutions created especially after 1987  and the proliferation of mushroom political institutions manned by uneducated, unprofessional and unsuitable political henchmen not concerned about the welfare of the citizens but concerned only about their own wellbeing and protecting ill-gotten privileges and perks and the interests of their political Masters in Colombo. 

4 Colossal wastages of public funds to maintain these parasitic institutions for 35 years from 1987, with no benefit to the country or the people. For example, out of 331 billion tax collection, 316 billion that could have gone in to the revenue of the Central Government has been wasted on PC in 2020 (source CB Public finance). No wonder the country is gone bankrupt.

5 The emergence of a new political culture under the direct control of everything beneath the sun by a new breed of political supermen called Governors at the Provincial level appointed by the President and who are not answerable to the people of the provinces, but have the power to control all political institutions, Government and semi government and all their staff at Provincial, District, Divisional and Village levels. This includes the Government Agents, former Administrative  Heads of the Districts, who formerly were directly answerable, accountable and responsible to Colombo for the implementation  of all programmes and policies of the government within their respective districts in pre 1987 era who commanded authority over all public institutions  in their districts including the Divisional Secretaries Heads of Divisions and Grama Sevakas the bed rock of  good governance in the country who were only answerable to the GAA of the Districts before the PCC came in in 1987. The behaviour of most Governors reminds me the famous story of the Bull in the China shop”

Today all the officers in a district have to serve two masters resulting in waste of their time attending useless and frequent meetings organized by the Governors and Provincial staff and provide reports, thereby increasing their volume of work resulting in a big break down and inefficiency in public service in the country, in addition to unprecedented increase in public expenditure and wastage including a complete breakdown in the delivery of services to people.  

6.The JR/Rajiv Accord was a complete travesty of accepted history of this country, it has laid the permanent foundation for the division of the country in to 9 quasi-Federal states that threaten the sovereignty, and the security of the country. 

Since the first elections for Provincial Councils took place on 28 April 1988 this is how public funds have been spent or rather wasted on their upkeep.

Sri Lanka Provincial Councils: Expenditure

1996 – 2017 | Yearly | LKR millions | Ministry of Finance

Sri Lanka’s Provincial Councils: Expenditure data was reported at 286,031.000 LKR m in Dec 2017. This records an increase from the previous number of 276,147.000 LKR m for Dec 2016. Sri Lanka’s Provincial Councils: Expenditure data is updated yearly, averaging 103,769.000 LKR m from Dec 1996 to 2017, with 22 observations. The data reached an all-time high of 286,031.000 LKR m in 2017. So, with an average of almost 104 m per year, you can visualize how much national wealth has gone down the drain for the past 31 years, which is guessed approximately 3224 m or 3.2 billion rupees. What a colossal wastage and a pathetic and unpardonable misuse of public funds, these councils have wasted under the patronage of self-seeking politicians at the center whose only concern was to collect votes by using these councils and the local politicians who man them as their proxies.

The other important aspect is that much of this money has gone for unproductive items like salaries and remunerations of Politicians and public Servants, buildings, vehicles, meaningless regular and luxury tamashas in five start hotels, foreign joy trips and other activities unrelated to development in the country. Once the Secretary of the Ministry in charge of this subject told me that only 10 % of voted funds are spent on capital work and the balance 90 % is spent for recurrent activities which do not contribute anything for development.

Salaries and allowances to be paid to Governors

According to the Act, No. 37 of 1988.

Salaries and allowances to be paid to Governors. chief Ministers Members of Board of Ministers and to member of Provincial of Councils are given below.

(a) of a Governor of a Province, such Governor shall be entitled to the payment of a monthly salary and allowances equal to the monthly salary and all other allowances currently payable to a Minister of the Cabinet of Ministers;

(b) Chief Minister shall be entitled to the payment of a monthly salary and allowances equal to the monthly salary and all other allowances payable to a Governor of a Province under paragraph (a), less a sum of fifty rupees;(Isn’t this ridiculous)

(c) Member of the Board of Ministers of a Province. such member shall be entitled to the payment of a monthly salary and allowances, equal to the monthly salary and all other allowances currently payable to a Deputy Minister; and

(d)Member Provincial Council, such member shall be entitled to the payment of a monthly salary and allowances equal to fifty per centum of the monthly salary and all other allowances currently payable to a Member of Parliament.

(Salaries and allowances to be expenditure charged on the provincial Funds of a Province.)

This was the situation in 1988. Surely after 35 years things must have changed very much. Probably these payments must have been even doubled in keeping with regular changes that have taken place in respect of politicians at the national level. In addition, the 9 Provincial Councils are also given 9 Chairmen and 9deputies with the same facilities.

Now you will see how public funds have been pilfered and wasted by the politicians at the Provincial level over a period of 35 years. It must also be mentioned that in addition to these privileges’ other benefits such as official Bungalows and servants, vehicles with drivers and unlimited fuel allowances and duty-free vehicle permits are lavishly provided for all these persons.

With all this wastage of public funds, the billion-dollar question the people of this country should ask the government is, what benefit PCC have brought to the Country since 1987. Besides the colossal financial loss to the country, the political, and administrative and institutional mess, chaos and confusion by way of duplicity of mushroom institutions, and increase of an utterly unproductive and lotus-eater set of politicians, and public servants, what benefits they have brought to the country over the past 35 years other than maintaining a set of parasitic Governors, Chief Ministers, Ministers and Council Members, additional office staff, and offices, a fleet of vehicles paying rents for buildings and vehicles, wasting lands and new and unproductive buildings etc. As a result, public expenditure has increased exponentially in the ratio of 1 to 15 times with zero benefit to the country. It also has brought about a complete breakdown of the once highly efficient and economically frugal District Administration in this country. Thus, the Provincial Councils have come to stay as a veritable Huniyama for this country’s peril.

Devolution of power and Decentralization of Administration and enhancing Efficiency in delivery of services that never saw the light of the day.

The promised devolution of power and decentralization of administration to facilitate a better service to the people has never taken place. Instead in practice what has happened is more centralization of authority to the 9 Provincial Councils in 9 Provinces. As a result, today a client has to come all the way to the Provincial Council office of the province to get a jo done which earlier he could have got done at the Divisional office or the District Kachcheri. What a colossal wastage of money and time and a right royal mess in administration and governance resulted from this ill-conceived political experiment done at the instigation of the Indian Government imposed at gun point in 1987. Besides enjoying the ill-gotten benefits for no service rendered in return to the country, the only service the provincial politicians do is acting as political pimps by servicing their political masters in Colombo.

In this backdrop. I ask the question as to why we should have Provincial Councils at all

In this backdrop, the most pertinent question I pose to all politicians, both in and outside the Parliament is as to why we should have Provincial Councils at all in this country; to maintain a useless set of lotus eater politicians and tens of thousands of additional so-called public servants, including 9 Cabinet Secretary level Secretaries and nearly 100 Ministry Secretaries.  Today this is the biggest question the whole nation asks?  Who asked for Provincial Councils?  Was it a request made by the people of this country or by some genius political theorists for better governance? It is interesting to note that California 6 times the area  of Sri Lanka has only 1 Governor where as we have 9 Governors to cover only 26,323 sq miles

No one at Home asked for it. It was India who proposed it first, to appease the Tamilnadu electorate to consolidate power in Delhi by imposing it on the Sri Lankan President by force, almost at gunpoint, well-timed when there was an old and weak President as the Head of Government. I still remember how India invaded our air space in1987 with their war jets and dropped Parippu? to the north and how arrogantly and undiplomatically their Ambassador Dixit behaved in front of the elderly Statesman JR, the Head of the State and the Government of this country, with his right leg on his left leg and a puffing a tobacco pipe in his hawkeyed mouth, at his Ward place residence as if Dixit was the viceroy of India conveying the message of the Indian ‘King,’ threatening a Head of a Vassal State of India of an imminent Indian invasion of the Island, if he refuses to sign the Indo-Sri Lanka Accord of 29th July 1987

The Accord was strategically designed by India to divide and destabilize the country by giving more power to Tamils and destroy the Sinhala Buddhist civilization on this Island.

First, the Accord was strategically designed by India, to give equal and even more power over the native Sinhalese who constitute 75 % of the total population of the Country and who were the Bhoomiputras of this Island nation who found it and built up the civilization over a period of 2500 years.

Second, to divide and destabilize this country on an ethnic basis giving Tamils full power to own and rule nearly half of the country including the North and East Central Sri Lanka (inclusive of Central, Sabaragamuwa and Uva Provinces), although India did not clearly specify these three Provinces. which together form more than 3/5 of the area of the Island leaving the balance 2/5 in the South West for the native Sinhalese together with Tamil, Muslim and other minority communities who will outnumber the Sinhalese in no time.

This was nothing but an extension of the same divide and rule policy started by the colonial British in 1832 by the creation of the provinces more or less on an ethnic basis. This Indian conspiracy becomes crystal clear when we analyze the following impositions India made in this country by the Rajiv/JR Accord of 29th July 1987.

1 The declaration of the Northern and Eastern Provinces comprising 1/ 3 the land area and 2/3 of the coastal lines together with the maritime territory of this Island with its resources as the Traditional Homeland” making Tamils who are less than 5% of the Islands population, the sole owners of the land and other resources of that part of the Island. This was gross discrimination against not only the Sinhalese who are the Bhoomiputras of this island at least from 543 B.C. but even other communities like Muslims. It was also a complete travesty of the Island’s authentic history. These two Provinces have never been a traditional Tamil land at any time of known history. On the contrary, this whole Island had been the traditional Homeland of the Sinhala people at least from 543 BC and it is a historical fact accepted by all historians the world over, other than the Tamils and Indian politicians. It was also a blatant betrayal of all Sinhala Kings, that will make them rise from their graves who have fought against all South Indian invaders to defend their motherland from 543 B.C. up to 1815.A.D.

First, this Accord enabled the Tamils to claim 1/3 of the land area of the country for a mere 5 lakhs Tamils and thereby depriving any Sinhalese or Muslims being settled there while Tamils can settle down in any part of the Island

Second, giving Tamils 2/3 the coastal belt as given in the EELAM map and nearly 3/5 of the marine territory and its resources including the Trincomalee harbor, the best natural harbor in Asia and the second-best in the world together with the British made Oil Farm with 100 oil tanks with an astonishing total capacity of over 1.2 million tones.

Thus, this Accord deprived the Bhoomiputras, the Sinhalese their birthright over their Motherland, which their ancestors have protected against all foreign invasions, both Indian and European for 2500 years and enjoyed for millennia as their beloved motherland from the dawn of history. This Accord was designed by India in order to fix the last nail on the Sinhala nation, with a vicious plan to annex the Island to India in the future.

 Third, made Tamil also an Official language of this country, nullifying Sec 18 of the Constitution of the Republic whereas even in India Tamil is not recognized as an Official language in spite of the fact that there are over 70 million Tamils in Tamilnadu alone.

Fourth, forced Sri Lanka to give Citizenship to all estate Tamils of Indian origin in the Central, Sabargamauwa and Uva Provinces and even Indians living in all other parts of the country even if they are illicit immigrants, disregarding all internationally accepted norms and our own laws on the subject of granting citizenship to foreigners in any country with a future plan to annex the Central, Sabaragamuva and the Uva Provinces to be merged with the  merged N & Eastern Province under the Accord.

Fifth, imposed that the Northern and Eastern Provinces should be merged to form one Tamil Province with provision to merge with two or more other Provinces as one in the future.

 Sixth, these two provinces to have their own laws with regard to Land, Police and Legal Administration and the power to have direct dealings with foreign countries bypassing the Government in Colombo and thereby to enable them to have de facto and de jure EELAM as dreamt by Prabhakaran.

Thus, in sum, the Accord completely destroyed the Independence, sovereignty, the Unitary status and the freedom of this Island Nation and the 1987 Constitution as well, within few minutes, by one man, called Junias Richard Jayawardana, apparently who had an Indian origin, the then President of the country, against the wishes and the will of the people marked by Island wide protests organized by the Opposition and the objections by some of his own Ministers, reducing this country to a veritable vassal State of the Subcontinent of India and declared those two provinces as the historical and traditional Tamil Home land, making it a blatant travesty of accepted history of the island, without any resistance. This was a meek submission on the part of JR he committed for survival. This is no surprise for a man who once declared in the State Council days, that Sri Lanka has to be a state of India if we are going to be developed.

Therefore, We, the Sinhala Buddhist Bhumiputras of this Island nation demand this Parliament to abolish this Accord immediately.

JR was forced to accept the Accord almost at gunpoint and India laid down these   conditions reducing the 1987 Constitution to mere paper scrap. Adding to this JR created PCC to all other Provinces as well accelerating the process of division and disintegration and leading to future political and administrative confusion, that we see today in this country. This Accord was signed under Island wide emergency and after confining all his MPP to a five-star Hotel having obtained their undated letters of resignation. Thus, it was illegal, unconstitutional, immoral and unethical from ab initio.

The implementation of this Accord, to its logical conclusion will definitely wipe out the Sinhala Buddhist nation from the surface of this planet in the long run. Therefore, the crying need, to abolish it immediately, with no delay what so ever. ere the curtain is drawn on the 2500-year-old (from 543 BC. to date) Sinhala Buddhist civilization on this Island for good.

It is in this dangerous and disastrous backdrop that I urge all patriotic people to rise against this Accord and the disastrous Provincial Councils and force the President PM, the government and all political parties to abrogate it immediately as it constitutes the foundation for the division of this small country into 9 small and antagonistic pieces and finally fall into the hands of India. (As you all know a scrambled egg can never be un-scrambled).  I also suggest that people should send all political parties who stand for PCC to the political wilderness.

This is exactly what the people of this country have been agitating and demanding every government, for the past 35 years. But tragically it has not fallen on the deaf ears of our selfish and timid and power-hungry politicians who have no concern for the country or the future of the people. The SLFP under Sirimavo, then Leader of the Opposition, protested against it right from the beginning although later her unworthy successors also embraced it without realizing the inherent dangers that underlies these clauses of the Accord. If I can remember well, I think the present Prime Minister Dinesh Gunawardhana and Mahinda Rajapaksa MP and ex-President were also there in that historic 1987 Peta protest against the Accord where several patriotic people laid down their lives in the name of the country. So at least these two take the leadership in this struggle against the JR/Rajiv Accord and the Provincial Councils

Let us abolish this PCC monster that is gobbling the whole country and the Sinhala Buddhist nation immediately together with the 13th Amendment

As such why talk of PCC elections now, instead of abolishing this national curse and disaster immediately? This is a crucial political decision long overdue that has to be taken by a patriotic Sinhala Buddhist statesman, who loves this country and its people, in order to save this country from total political, economic, social and cultural disaster that has already dawned. In fact, this is a priority one decision that has to be taken as early as possible by this Government. Once the Accord is abolished, the 13th A and the PCC set up under that will also get abolished automatically. The whole country wants it to go. But none of the politicians support it, first, they fear India and second, none of them love the motherland, its people and their legendary civilization,

We all expected Mahinda Rajapaksa to do this immediately after 2009 historic victory over the LTTE when he had all the powers including a 2/3 in Parliament.  Had he done that then no one could have dared to contest it? But unfortunately, he did not do it. Instead, he promised the press that as soon as the 2020 General election is over, they will have the PC elections. I do not know whether he said so to garner the 2/3 and abolish it thereafter. If that was his plan the whole nation will admire him more that his victory over the LTTE. But as usual of all our politicians he too committed the same mistake, after the 2010 Election.

Another reason why I argue for the abolition of PCC is the need to avoid a total disaster in District Administration that will make any retrieval of governance in this country in future impossible, which has already paralyzed it over the past 35 years. Furthermore, that will put an end to all divisive political manipulations such as federal status, self-determination, self-rule of Muslims and EELAM dreams of the Tamils. It will also save billions of rupees now being wasted for the upkeep of these monkey cages and piggeries called Provincial Councils infested with monkeys and goats, a political appendage and a dead weight around the nation’s neck that has burdened the country for the past 35 years and destabilized the total administration almost beyond recovery.

Finally, it will also relieve us from any future subversive Indian or Arabian invasions and conspiracies hatched to divide this country on the ethnic basis with a dream of Indianization of this country or converting it to an Arab land called Kalisthan, as Hisbulla has already done it in the Eastern Katthankudi area, with the support of the then governments infested with unpatriotic vote hunting Sinhala leaders.

Once the PCC are gone all superficial Office holders such as the so-called 9 Governors, 9 ‘Cheap’ Ministers, 45 Provincial Ministers, Presidents of PCC and all such parasitic politicians, who bleed the nation to its bones for 35 years will also go home, relieving the sad burden they have overloaded on this country. Thereafter every one of them will at least plant a manioc stem that will do some service at least to a wild boar.

The professional public servants presently attached to these Councils will have no problem as they could be accommodated in suitable places in the public service until they retire.

 I call upon all Patriotic people to make this demand in one voice from the new President and the Prime Minister to abolish these monkey cages and the dens of thieves that have exponentially increased waste and corruption and completely ruined the decent political culture of this country for the past 35 years and multiplied separatist tendencies and communal agitations dragging the nation to complete disintegration in future on ethnic lines with no chance of redemption in future

I know it very well that no political party, even the UNP that invented it under J.R. or even those who were against them in 1987 ask for their abolition, as they use these Councils members to net votes at all elections for their political survival. and they also use them to provide employment for those who support them at elections.  As we all know politicians are only concerned about their power, luxuries of office and perks. None of the present-day politicians has any love for the country or the Sinhala nation.  They love only power and money. As, such they will not abolish PCC voluntarily. That is why I call upon all the patriotic Sinhala people to rise up in unison demanding them to abolish them immediately, if they want to remain in politics in this country any more in future. If they don’t do it, then it is high time for the masses to find out a Sinhala Buddhist leader or a group of such patriotic men and women who are prepared to do it and install them in power.

For the general public, these Councils are a veritable eyesore when they see the way how public funds are been wasted criminally on the upkeep of these useless lotus-eater Governors, Chief Ministers, Ministers, Members, a plethora of officials and the institutions that that serve their selfish and ulterior ends. None of these politicians in the PCC are concerned about the country or the people. Also none of them do any worthwhile service to the people, other than enjoying the luxuries of office, attending openings, weddings, funerals school functions like sport meets, temple functions, and various other private things, roaming all over the world on pleasure trips and running all over the country at public expense to show their loyalty to their political masters,  misusing public funds, and collecting votes and funds for their political leaders in Colombo and herding people for their meetings like Mayday rallies and propaganda meetings of their masters in Parliament. They all together, ruin the whole country, as it has become obvious now, and throwing their weight on the innocent and helpless masses, on the other hand, I ask these parasitic creatures as to what service they have done to the people of the country that pay their salaries and ill-gotten fabulous perks, other than ruining the country making it another Ethiopia or even worse than that too

Why can’t the SLPP, as a group who constitutes the majority who opposed the 13th A in 1987 at least now agitate for the abolition of this tragic national curse? The people hate this system and curse them too. Now that the SLPP already has the Pradesiya Sabhas, the live wires of Local Government in its hand to organize the election campaign for them at the village and the local levels there is no need for a Provincial apparatus in between for elections either, other than trying to have their appointees as Governors. Meanwhile President Wickramasinha will have his own men to be appointed as Governors very soon.

Now that the country has functioned smoothly without these parasitic and wasteful institutions, almost nearly for the past 4-5 years and has proved beyond all doubts their uselessness there is no justification for their retaining.

 A reorganized strong District Administration headed by professional administrators of the Sri Lanka Administrative Service  supported by other technical staff as it was donein1960s and early 1970s will ensure better governance as it had been the best system of administration in the districts, in the past. Even the British adopted certain aspects of this system to run the country very effectively and efficiently for 133 years. You need to have only 25 efficient GAA for the 25 districts under this system.  It will do away with about 12,000 excess PC employees and nearly 8oo politicians at that level including 9 Governors, 9 Chief Ministers 455 Provincial Council Members, 9 PC Chairmen and a pretty large number of Provincial Council employees may be totaling to about 20,000 of whom none is engaged in any productive service to the nation.

The District Administration will deliver the good as they did especially during 1960s and1970’s

The District Administration will deliver the good as they did especially during 1960s and 1970’s when the food Production drive was inaugurated and the country was made self-sufficient in rice and many other food items. They only had a small number of DROO and Graama Sevakas to implement the programmes in their districts. Of cause the technical and marketing aspects were handled by an efficient team of officers from the Agriculture, Agrarian Services and Cooperative Departments in the districts under their district Heads coordinated by an able set of GAA. All that success were achieved without Provincial Governors Cheap Ministers and Provincial Councilors and provincial staff as we have today who only mess up, delay the work and contribute to enormous wastage of Billions of Public funds.

Therefore, with my firsthand experience in district administration in1960s and 1970s I strongly recommend the immediate abolition of the wasteful, overlapping, cancerous and useless provincial Councils paving the way for the division of this small island in to a number of antagonistic ethnic enclaves, that will destroy the unitary state and the unity of the Sri Lankan nation. That will strengthen the district Administration. I can guarantee its effectiveness, economy and efficiency of delivery of services to people, both cost wise and time wise.

The only parties who get the benefit of the Provincial Council system are the politicians at the top and the provinces, their families and supporters who does not contribute a red cent to the country’s development. Very often defeated candidates at parliamentary elections, favorites of party leaders and their families and close friends          or politically disabled men and women without any experience in public service are appointed as Governors who function as the  direct representatives of the President with fabulous privileges and luxurious perks paid for no service at all to the country or the people when the districts could be administered much better by the 25 GAA without these expensive and wasteful political appendages.

The Provincial Councils have already died and become redundant

The Provincial Councils have already died and become redundant and dysfunctional now nearly for 5 years. The general public, at least 90% don’t want this wasteful and useless political Bermuda Trough to continue as they know that it will finally drag this Island nation to the bottom of the Indiana Ocean. As such if this government can get them abolished, it will definitely bring handsome political dividends.  The vote base of the party or parties who support the abolition of PCC and the JR/Rajiv Accord will rise up exponentially at all future elections.  Therefore, the government will not lose anything by getting them abolished. Instead, people will definitely rally round it, as a mark of appreciation and gratitude for relieving them of this 35-year curse and disaster. In this backdrop, if the present government does this, I can assure that the grateful masses who have suffered for the past 35 years under this curse will rally round it in a manner nobody would have ever imagined.  Besides increasing its vote base, it will also be doing a yeoman service by this country and the nation, for liberating this country out of this wishful Indian trap that has already done enormous political and economic damage to this country

 I can assure you that the abolition of the Provincial Council curse and its umbilical code, the Rajiv/JR Accord will not be second to liberating the country from the LTTE in 2009 and it could be even a bigger achievement of higher historical significance.  It will definitely go down in history as another historic landmark in political reforms in this country.

India also cannot contest the abolition of the JR/Rajiv Accord as it had already been unilaterally broken by India at the very early stages, by not complying with its obligations in the Accord. As such it has ceased to have any legal validity as an international agreement signed between two countries

1833 The British divided the island into 5 Provinces in 1833 viz N, S.E, W and P. Subsequent additions include 6.1845 NWP Kurunegala and Puttalam, 7. 1873 NC, 8. UVa  1886 and 9. Sabaragamuwa 1897 the last. India did with one stroke of the pen on 29th July 1987 what the British could not do for 133 years.

The Impact of  Buddhism in Europe 

August 24th, 2022

Senaka Weeraratna

The greatest impact of Buddhism in Europe is seen in the growth of Atheists (and Atheism) and sharp decline in Monotheism among Europeans of Christian origin. 

The Buddha rejected the idea of an external saviour from the very inception of his mission and advocated self reliance and self – effort for your personal salvation. You save yourself by your own efforts, the Buddha said and not through rituals, prayers and animal sacrifice. 

The Buddha, while rejecting an all mighty God, however never rejected virtue or the goodness in conduct. In fact, he placed a high emphasis on ethics e.g. Noble Eightfold Path:, and developed a perfect system of Ethics without placing a God in the center of his doctrine. 

There is a parallel in what we see happening in Europe today with  Buddhist thinking and way of life. Europeans of Christian heritage are no longer going to Church, do not engage in prayers, nor project themselves as worshippers. Churches are steadily becoming empty. A common sight in Europe.

Great Intellectual Heritage 

But yet they, i.e., Europeans,  have not become aloof or indifferent to Right Thinking, Philosophy and Ethical behavior. They are conscious of their great intellectual heritage and legacy of free thinkers like the German Philosopher Artur Schopenhauer, the French critic Voltaire, and the English Mathematician Bertrand Russell who revolted against orthodox religion.

Europeans are freedom loving and prefer a life unrestricted by religion. They are sensitive to the suffering of others and conscious of Man’s inhumanity towards animals. Many have become Vegetarian or Vegan out of concern and display increasing sensitivity for the lives of non – human sentient beings. They do not kill animals for the purpose of sacrifice to earn a reward for themselves in ‘heaven’.

 One specific group that is ahead of the rest of Europeans in this respect are the Jews. They have experienced the Holocaust and are acutely aware of human imposed suffering on others. A practice that happens daily in human interaction with animals. We shut our hearts and minds to both cruelty against humanity and cruelty against animals. For example, a glaring instance of indifference to the plight of animals in Sri Lanka is the failure to enact the Animal Welfare Bill.

In contrast, European countries with growing Atheism are displaying growing legislative interest in the welfare and protection of animals. 

Jew-buds

The Jews who have turned to Buddhism for solace and insights are called Jew-buds. They are interested in both Judaism and Buddhism. They are an influential group in both the USA and Europe now giving leadership to White skin Buddhist communities in the Western countries.

The movement towards Atheism in Europe is more or less in line with what the Buddha advocated 2, 600 years ago. Rely on yourself to achieve wisdom through your own efforts e.g. Meditation, and develop Compassion by causing no harm to living beings, human and non – human.

Buddhist insights are the main reason that have influenced Europeans to distance themselves from monotheism and embrace Atheism. The average European is no longer interested in playing a numbers game with religion.They do not wear religious labels.  For them it is a private matter.   

They have adequate means to survive to avoid becoming vulnerable to inducements to change religion or transfer their loyalties. There are no significant ‘ Born Again’ communities, in major European cities unlike in former European colonies. 

This movement in Europe towards Atheism is unstoppable with increasing ‘ God Delusion’.

Senaka Weeraratna 

‘Aragalaya’ activist Senadhi Guruge arrested

August 24th, 2022

Courtesy Adaderana

Senadhi Guruge, an activist of the ‘Aragalaya’ movement, was arrested by the police today (Aug 24).

He was taken into custody in connection with an assault on two intelligence officers.

Delisting of former proscribed entities

August 24th, 2022

By Neville Ladduwahetty Courtesy The Island

A media release issued by the Ministry of Defence (MoD) says, The ban was lifted after a study was conducted by a committee consisting of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Attorney General’s Department, intelligence agencies, law enforcement agencies, and the Financial Intelligence Unit of the Central Bank of Sri Lanka.”

The report also states: According to the Ministry, 577 individuals, and 18 organizations, had been blacklisted, in 2021, for financing terrorism, under the United Nations Regulations No. 01 of 2012. However, following lengthy considerations, it was decided to delist 316 individuals, and six organisations as they no longer continue to fund terrorist activities, the Ministry said” (Daily FT, August 17, 2022).

According to the above statement, by the MoD, the reason for delisting some individuals and organisations on the basis that they no longer continue to fund terrorist activities”. However, United Nations Regulations No. 01 of 2012, referred to in the MoD release, is based on the Minister of Foreign Affairs promulgating the United Nations Security Council Resolution 1373 (2001) designating individuals, and entities, related to terrorism and terrorist financing, in national level. Accordingly, Institutions are obliged to have measures, in place, to identify and freeze funds, financial assets or economic resources of such designated persons, and entities, upon order by the Competent Authority who is Secretary to the Ministry of Defence. The Secretary to the MoD is appointed as the Competent Authority for the implementation of UNSCR 1373 and its successor resolutions in Sri Lanka.

When the Minister of Foreign Affairs promulgated UNSC Resolution 1373, it was limited ONLY to identify and freeze funds, financial assets or economic resources”. This is too limited because it misses the full scope of 1373. The scope of UNSCC Resolution goes beyond to any form of support, active or passive, to entities”. Therefore, since these provisions cover activities far beyond funding terrorist activities, the comment in the MoD release that those delisted no longer fund terrorist activities” is too limited a basis for delisting; a fact that is evident from the UNSCR 1373 provisions presented below. This is a serious lapse in the interpretation of UNSC Resolution 1373, by the Minister of Foreign Affairs, and followed by the MoD, and all those organizations, and individuals, who participated in making the decision to delist some individuals and organizations, however rigorous their investigations were.

PROVISIONS of UNSCR 1373

SC Resolution 1373 states as follows:

1. Decides that all States shall: (a) Prevent and suppress the financing of terrorist acts; (b) Criminalize the wilful provision, or collection, by any means, directly, or indirectly, of funds by their nationals, or in their territories, with the intention that the funds should be used, or in the knowledge that they are to be used, in order to carry out terrorist acts; (c) Freeze, without delay, funds and other financial assets, or economic resources, of persons who commit, or attempt to commit, terrorist acts or participate in or facilitate the commission of terrorist acts; of entities owned, or controlled directly or indirectly by such persons; and of persons, and entities, acting on behalf of, or at the direction of such persons and entities, including funds derived, or generated, from property, owned or controlled directly or indirectly by such persons and associated persons, and entities;

(d) Prohibit their nationals, or any persons and entities, within their territories, from making any funds, financial assets or economic resources or financial or other related services available directly or indirectly for the benefit of persons who commit, or attempt to commit, or facilitate, or participate in the commission of terrorist acts of entities owned or controlled, directly or indirectly by such persons and of persons and entities acting on behalf of or at the direction of such persons;

2. Decides also that all States shall: (a) Refrain from providing any form of support, active or passive, to entities or persons involved in terrorist acts, including by suppressing recruitment of members of terrorist groups and eliminating the supply of weapons to terrorists; (b) Take the necessary steps to prevent the commission of terrorist acts, including by provision of early warning to other States by exchange of information; (c) Deny safe haven to those who finance, plan, support, or commit terrorist acts, or provide safe havens; (d) Prevent those who finance, plan, facilitate or commit terrorist acts from using their respective territories for those purposes against other States or their citizens; (e) Ensure that any person, who participates in the financing, planning, preparation or perpetration of terrorist acts or in supporting terrorist acts, is brought to justice and ensure that in addition to any other measures against them, such terrorist acts are established as serious criminal offences in domestic laws and regulations and that the punishment duly reflects the seriousness of such terrorist acts; (f) Afford one another the greatest measure of assistance in connection with criminal investigations or criminal proceedings relating to the financing or support of terrorist acts, including assistance in obtaining evidence in their possession necessary for the proceedings; (g) Prevent the movement of terrorists or terrorist groups by effective border controls and controls on issuance of identity papers and travel documents, and through measures for preventing counterfeiting, forgery or fraudulent use of identity papers and travel documents;

This interpretation is amply demonstrated in the judgment given by the United States Supreme Court in the case of Holder v Humanitarian Law project cited below.

According to the Court material support” to terrorist means even when offerings are not money or weapons but things such as ‘expert advice or assistance’ or ‘training’ intended to instruct in international law or appeals to the United Nations”.

The United States Supreme Court, in the case of Holder v Humanitarian Law Project, when the …court voted 6 to 3 to uphold a federal law banning ‘material support’ to foreign terrorist organizations. The ban holds, the court explained, even when offerings are not money or weapons but things such as ‘expert advice or assistance’ or ‘training’ intended to instruct in international law or appeals to the United Nations” (Washington Post, June 22, 2010). Chief Justice John G. Roberts Jr. in writing the majority opinion said that those challenging the ban simply disagree with the considered judgment of Congress and the Executive that providing material support to a designated terrorist organization – even seemingly benign support bolsters terrorist activities of the organization… (the law) is on its face, a preventive measure – it criminalizes not terrorist attacks themselves, but aid that makes the attack more likely to occur…” (Ibid).

EFFORTS to REVIVE the LTTE

The Island of January 31, 2022, carries a report that states: The Indian National Investigation Agency (NIA) has registered a case and launched a probe in connection with the arrest of three Sri Lankan nationals with fake passports who are allegedly involved in raising money to revive the LTT ….”

The amended Prevention of Terrorism (Special Provisions) Act No. 48, 1979 of Sri Lanka that is tabled in Parliament does not adequately address the act of raising money” by terrorist entities such as the proscribed LTTE. Instead, the amended PTA addresses mainly the rights and entitlements of perpetrators of terrorism, and NOT those who advise and support the many facets of LTTE activities. However, proscribing entities is not a sufficient deterrent to discourage terrorism. Instead, the breadth and scope of the legal provisions that exist need to be strengthened in order to prevent and suppress terrorism.

According to The Island report, the action taken by the NIA is under provisions of Unlawful (Prevention) Act and Foreigners Amendment Act among others of the Penal Code”. Whether these instruments cover only terrorist acts or are sufficiently wide in scope to cover not only fund raising but also material support, needs to be established if they are to prevent and deter terrorism. If not, they need to be extended beyond, into activities such as selecting, training, fund raising and engaging the perpetrators of terrorism, if the legal provisions are to have an impact. Since the Security Council Resolution 1373 is sufficiently wide in scope to address these issues, it is imperative that ALL Member States incorporate its provisions because they are specifically designed to prevent and suppress terrorism. Since those arrested are now engaged in the revival of the LTTE, it is absolutely vital that Sri Lanka takes immediate action to implement the full scope of Security Council Resolution 1373, if terrorism is not to recur.

CONCLUSION

The press release issued by the Ministry of Defence states: 577 individuals, and 18 organizations, had been blacklisted in 2021 for financing terrorism under the United Nations Regulations No. 01 of 2012. However, following lengthy considerations, it was decided to delist 316 individuals and six organizations as they no longer continue to fund terrorist activities the Ministry said” (Daily FT, August 17, 2022).

This means nearly 55% individuals and 33% organizations were delisted from a list as recent as 2021. According to the press release, this decision was taken after a study was conducted by a galaxy of individuals representing the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Attorney General’s Department, intelligence agencies, law enforcement agencies and the Financial Intelligence Unit of the Central Bank of Sri Lanka on the basis that they no longer continue to fund terrorist activities”

However, United Nations Regulations No. 01 of 2012 referred to in the MoD release is based on the Minister of Foreign Affairs promulgating the United Nations Security Council Resolution 1373 (2001)”. The promulgation of UNSC Resolution 1373 by the SL Minister of Foreign Affairs is limited ONLY to prohibiting fund raising for terrorist activities. Section 2 of Resolution 1373 prohibits any form of support, active or passive to entities or persons involved in terrorist acts…”. Therefore, the basis for delisting is NOT in keeping with the provisions of UNSC Resolution 1373. This reflects poorly on Sri Lanka’s obligations to the Security Council.

Despite the fact that the grounds for delisting cannot be justified on the basis claimed that they no longer continue to fund terrorist activities”, the reason for doing so appears to be a measure adopted by the government to encourage the participation of the diaspora as it is a strength and source of investment”, as stated by the President. In fact, the President went on to suggest that Sri Lanka should set up a Special Diaspora Office” (Ceylon Today, August 18, 2022).

While the intention to set up a Special Diaspora Office to attract diaspora funds has merit, by delisting first and hoping the diaspora to respond by way of investments is too much to expect in the absence of a quid pro quo. Therefore, the diaspora is bound to expect a political solution to gain their confidence, as suggested by the TNA (The Island, August 21), before they become a source of investment”. Under the circumstances, the grounds for investment would become a bargaining chip to extract the most expansive of political solutions such as a federal arrangement as indicated by one of the delisted entities. Since such an outcome would be a certainty, it would have been more prudent to delist only those who invest, instead of opening the flood gates without any assurances in place.

The reason for such caution is twofold. The unhindered access to Sri Lanka by those delisted could present opportunities for them to engage in active and/or passive support to encourage the revival of the LTTE as reported by the Indian National Investigation Agency. No amount of vigilance by the security establishment would reveal clandestine arrangements as took place with the activities that precipitated the Easter Sunday terrorist attack. The other is that the front runner for the Prime Ministerial post in the UK, Rishi Sunak, has at a meeting with British Tamil conservatives stated: the UK will continue to play a central role to bring about justice and accountability” (The Island, August 21, 2022). In his statement, he stressed his support for the latest UN Resolution on Sri Lanka, which mandated the collection of evidence that may be used in a future war crimes tribunal” (Ibid).

To delist 55% individuals and 33% organisations from a year-old list in the expectation of attracting diaspora investments against the background of the support of a future UK government, and the expectation of a federal arrangement as a political solution without assured commitments is beyond any sense of reality because it would be too high a price for the People of Sri Lanka to accept. Instead, what the MoD should have done was to delist only those who have shown or show good faith by investing to build a prosperous Sri Lanka.

Sri Lanka’s foreign debt – 81% debt held by West & Allies not China

August 24th, 2022

Shenali D Waduge

Much hype and propaganda has fooled the world & Sri Lankans into believing China has trapped Sri Lanka in debt. For every woe Sri Lanka suffers the credit is put on China. This has been the fashionable sing-song-of Colombo cocktail circles who want to dictate how the entirety of Sri Lanka think. Sri Lanka’s economic woes have naturally being pinned on China. The ugly truth is that Sri Lanka’s foreign debt is owed to the West & not China. Holding 81% of Sri Lanka foreign debt the West & its allies are breathing down Sri Lanka. It is not China but West & allies who have trapped Sri Lanka in debt. Over $50billion of Sri Lanka’s $54billion debt is not held with China but West & their allies.

IMF Genie

81% of Sri Lanka’s debt is held by US & European financial institutions together with their Asian allies Japan & India. (source Ben Norton) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U52tT5hgtSk

Sri Lanka has gone to IMF 16 times & faced structural adjustments – has structural adjustments done Sri Lanka any good?

Against 81% Sri Lanka’s debt held by West & its allies – Sri Lanka’s debt to China is just 10%. 

Advocata claims China holds $3.5b of the $54b debt Sri Lanka owes foreigners.

This means over $50billion Sri Lanka’s debt is not owed to China.

47% of this 81% foreign debt is held by Western funds & banks. 

Topping this list holding international sovereign bonds are:

  • Allianz (Germany)
  • Amundi Asset Management
  • Ashmore Group (Britain)
  • BlackRock – in 2009 acquired Barclays Global Investors (BGI)
  • Fidelity Investments- US retirement system
  • Hamilton Reserve Bank – holds $250m of Sri Lanka’s 5.875% bond due on 25 July 2022. They filed a legal suit in New York.
  • HBK Capital Management
  • HSBC (Britain)
  • JPMorgan Chase – US retirement system
  • Lord Abbett – US retirement system
  • Morgan Stanley Investment Management
  • Neuberger Berman – US retirement system
  • Pacific Investment Management
  • PIMCO – US retirement system
  • Prudential (U.S.)
  • Saint Kitts & Nevis accused Sri Lanka of excluding certain bondholders from restructuring accusing hanky panky by officials handling restructuring.
  • Rowe Price Associates Inc – US retirement system
  • UBS (Switzerland)

Sri Lanka’s defaulting is causing US retirees suffering from massive losses upto 80% of their original investment value was the argument raised by Hamilton Reserve Bank who took Sri Lanka to courts. Inspite of defaulting repaying on China’s loan of $78m due in July, China’s Exim Bank has not taken Sri Lanka to court.

$12.5billion international sovereign bonds were issued by Sri Lanka on the advice of then governor CBSL Indraji Coomaraswamy. This was taken far before covid 19 impacted Sri Lanka in March 2020. Sri Lanka’s current CBSL head & then Finance Minister Sabry decided to default claiming Sri Lanka was ‘bankrupt’ in April 2022. The above 3 have much to answer for. Taking sovereign bonds and boldly defaulting obviously had not taken stock of how Sri Lanka was to make repayment or the repercussions of declaring Sri Lanka would not repay. Did it not occur to them that their big talk would land the nation in legal issues?

Sri Lanka has hired financial & legal advisers Lazard & Clifford Chance to renegotiate with creditors which include 30 asset managers and bilateral lending from Japan, India & China.

How much is Sri Lanka paying Lazard & Clifford Chance for their advice?

Lazard & Clifford Chance will be up against White & Case LLC the legal advisor and Rothschild & Co as financial advisers for the more than 30 asset managers that hold Sri Lanka’s international bonds.

ADB owns 13% of Sri Lanka’s foreign debt

World Bank owns 9% of Sri Lanka’s foreign debt

Both ADB and World Bank are US dominated with veto power.

Japan owns 10% of Sri Lanka’s foreign debt while Japan exerts influence over ADB.

2% of Sri Lanka’s foreign debt is owed to India though with the current handouts by India, the % would have increased.

The West & its alliances not only yield monetary control over Sri Lanka but its formation of Quad & anti-China military alliance places Sri Lanka to walk on a tight-rope with tremendous pressure using the 81% debt reality. 

When they give – they give with undisclosed & disclosed expectations.

Thus, the West & its allies is using this 81% to exert tremendous pressure on Sri Lanka.

In 2015 US-India installed a puppet regime to power.

By end of 2019 – less than 5% of Sri Lanka’s foreign debt was held by China. 64.6% was in dollars, 14.4% in IMF SDR & 10% Japanese yen.

Given that China is well accustomed to the lies and distortions of western media & can afford to ignore, can Sri Lanka do the same?

Was this 81% foreign debt a malady of the neoliberal policies & associated ills Sri Lanka had to suffer forcing Sri Lanka to be trapped to West?

Was the sudden decision to default on debt primarily without repaying a debt due to China, part of a larger plan to put Sri Lanka further into West-Allies debt?

If IMF bail outs have not succeeded 16 times earlier – how far is the 17thIMF bail out likely to succeed?

How did west & its allies get away by spreading false propaganda. Where were the so-called Sri Lankan economists to set the story straight. Surely, they had all the numbers and should have told the general public the true picture.

It is not only the ‘economic experts’ who are guilty of spreading lies & distortions taking the West-Allies, anti-China stand but the local and international media are equally guilty.

Wall Street Journal China’s lending comes under fire as Sri Lankan debt crisis deepens”

Voice of America China’s Global Image under Strain as Sri Lanka faces debt trap’ accused China of following a debt-trap diplomacy to weaken countries to make them dependent on China.

Associated Press ABC News, Al Arabiya, Al Jazeera too carried the anti-China tempo.

India Today, The Print, Wion, New Indian Express, Business Standard too echoed anti-China rhetoric attributing Sri Lanka’s economic situation to China.

Numerous think tanks across US also carried the same version as did UK & EU news agencies.

Sri Lanka is not in debt to China  

China has not seized assets of Sri Lanka and globally there are close to 20 cases where China has helped countries out of economic crisis instead of asset seizures. China has not taken Sri Lanka to courts either. The differing aspect of West & China’s loans is the manner it looks at how a project can contribute to the future.

In fact China has cancelled more than $3.4billion & restructured $15billion of Africa’s debt. At no time has China exerted pressure on countries in debt.

China has shown by its 30 year development plan how to bring a nation in poverty to become a nation challenging Western hegemony. Over the past 40 years China has taken 800million out of poverty while 37.2million Americans (11.4%) are living in poverty. If Sri Lanka should be seeking advice, it is from China on how to restructure state enterprises given that China has shown how to turn a poverty-stricken China to become where it is today. Sri Lanka has to seriously look away from returning to neoliberal privatization failed models.

Shenali D Waduge

Will IMF Help Ever Come?

August 24th, 2022

Dilrook Kannangara

IMF help is getting delayed and delayed. So many rounds of negotiations have been held but Sri Lanka is yet to see the money. Even if IMF help comes, it will be a loan which will have to be repaid with interest just like other loans. Since all economic powers have to approve (or rather not reject) IMF’s help to Sri Lanka, they use it as a stick against Sri Lanka. IMF officials, and economic powers that can veto IMF help to Sri Lanka have taken the island nation round and round in circles. Tangible help is nowhere in sight. Sri Lankan government must have a Plan B. Relying totally on the IMF is dangerous and will be a disappointment.

Some developed nations face the likelihood of a recession, economic contraction, liquidity crisis and may seek IMF help themselves. Yes; they will need assistance themselves! Helping others comes at a cost to them which they are unwilling to bear. Recession fears have hit USA, Germany and a few other industrialized nations. They can’t get by themselves, let alone help others. In this context, a reasonable double has arisen whether they genuinely want IMF to help Sri Lanka or they want IMF to carefully retain its resources for their own use.

USA, UK, EU and China have already used the IMF stick against Sri Lanka to advance their own interests. If Sri Lanka refuses to oblige, they’d block IMF help. Some of these ensure Sri Lanka will never be able to secure a meaningful amount of IMF loans to overcome the crisis. For instance, IMF demands Sri Lanka reigns in disruptions, achieve political stability and political consensus before they could approve a loan package. On the other hand, USA, UK and the EU want Sri Lanka to allow protests, strikes, disruptions and upheaval to continue by not arresting and punishing violent protestors. It seems that they want to somehow prevent IMF use its limited funds on Sri Lanka and retain it for the benefit of recession-struck western nations.

Sri Lanka has to consider other options too as IMF help may not come after all or it will be too late or too little. IMF help may come at a worse economic cost than the meager loan they may extend. As with many western remedies, the remedy may kill the patient along with the ailment.

Even if Sri Lanka gets IMF help in sizable amounts, there will be a bun fight amongst lenders to get paid first, and, more importantly, a battle to prevent Sri Lanka paying other lenders first. For instance, Japan and China (second and third largest creditors) will not want IMF money to use used to repay bond loans (largest creditor). China would not want it used in order to repay Japan, and vice versa. Both Japan and China have already suspended their projects in Sri Lanka. India, USA and the EU make matters even more complicated. Sri Lanka is stuck in the midst of their rivalries. On top of that there is a large number of foreign investors in Sri Lanka waiting to get out of the island the moment they can profitably translate their rupees into dollars. They too will rush to grab whatever dollars Sri Lanka gets via the IMF as a loan.

The net impact of all these will be Sri Lanka sinking further down in debt without having enough investments to overcome the economic crisis.

Therefore, it is crucially important to look beyond the IMF. But sadly, Lankan leaders are neither creative nor visionary. Just as the people, they too want quick results and IMF is their only hope which may not even materialize.

A GOOD CONCEPT REJECTED IN Sri Lanaka BUT WELCOMED ABROAD

August 24th, 2022

Sugath Kulatunga

A home-grown concept which has been accepted globally, has been considered irrelevant by the EDB which originated the concept. The rural sector in many developing countries offers potential for increased exports, as well as for expanded employment opportunities in what is often one of the poorer segments of the economy. Introducing programmes to stimulate exports from rural regions is a challenge in many countries because of the lack of entrepreneurial skills among the rural population, scattered and sometimes widely dispersed locations of producers, the small scale of production operations and lack of knowledge of market opportunities.

The concept of Export Production Villages (EPV) is based on the belief that there is tremendous potential to mobilize rural based products for export. But the lack of institutional arrangements and access to markets inhibit the development of rural exports. The strategy was to mobilize the producers in a collective institution and link them with established exporters. It envisaged the establishment of a series of Export Production Village Companies harnessing the entrepreneurial talents and skills of rural people through the development of products in the rural areas where they live and providing them with access to buyers. The concept has the advantage of replicability for almost any product group and in almost any geographical area.

As a response to this challenge, Sri Lanka adopted a new approach to develop rural-based exporters. The programme, called the “Export Production Village” scheme, was started in 1981with 21 EPVs which led to increased exports of several types of products as well as additional employment and higher income levels to the rural producers. Sri Lanka was able to capture the Lower Gulf marker for vegetables chiefly due to the competitive supplies from the NCP EPVs.

The marketability of the product depends not only on the international market but also the existence of an exporter committed to purchasing the products. One essential precondition for the approval of a project was therefore the existence of an “export-ready” exporter prepared to cooperate with the EPV. The exporter should have experience in that product line or in associated products, and also either already have orders in hand or be in a position to obtain orders within a short period.

Exporters cooperating with the EPVs are expected to provide feedback from the market on buyers’ requirements; assist in product upgrading; provide quality control, packaging and post-harvest advice (in regard to agricultural products); contribute transport and other servicing facilities if the EPV is unable to afford them; support producers in their requests for bank credit; and assist in technical and management training of EPV personnel.

The EPV scheme in Sri Lanka started as a pilot exercise to test a concept and design a methodology for the systematic development of rural exports.

Whatever the shortcomings of individual EPVs, the scheme has on the whole achieved the objective of validating the concept and the methodology adopted. The overall performance of 21 EPVs indicates that, in relation to the total investment made, the scheme has produced satisfactory results in income generation, export earnings and employment generation.

From a national export development point of view, the scheme has pioneered certain export products, induced exporters to work directly with village producers and demonstrated the potential for export supply development in the rural sector. It has generated greater awareness of the potential for export development in general and rural export development in particular, on a national scale.

EPVs have demonstrated that with proper organization, they can not only retain a higher share of the export benefits at the village level but also bring greater overall advantages to the country as a whole.

Above all, the scheme created a rural producers’ institution capable of doing business in the competitive field of export. One EPV in Dambadeniya has survived all problems and continue to provide employment in basket weaving for over 1000 rural women. This EPV has also was the origination of the Dambadeniya Foundation which has contributed on education, health and housing to the locality. https://www.srilankabusiness.com/emarketplace/emarketplace/seller/profile/shop/dambadeniya-export-products-development-co-ltd

Most of the information on Sri Lanka experience is culled from an article on https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Export+production+villages%3A+Sri+Lanka%27s+novel+approach.-a014345577?utm.

In 1989 at the invitation of the Ghana Export Promotion Council the former Director General of the EDB successfully introduced the EPV model to Ghana under an ITC (UNCTAD/WTO) consultancy. The performance of this project is given in brief quoting official reviews.

1.Extract from an IMF document  https://www.elibrary.imf.org/view/journals/002/2000/002/article-A002-en.xml gives a brief description of the EPV program in Ghana.

The Export Production Village is an example of a GEPC program to foster nontraditional exports. Under the program, small rural producers are organized in companies which interface directly with exporters. The GEPC assists with sponsorship, equity participation, sourcing of production inputs, and extension services. The coverage of the program includes agricultural products, mainly fruits, vegetables, spices, staples and tree crops; shrimp farming; handicraft goods such as batik, rattan furniture, straw baskets, jewelry, and wooden items; and manufactured items, such as salt, processed cashew nuts, and coconut fiber products.”

2. In a review of the Ghana: capacity-building for export-led poverty reduction Geneva 1999, it was said

the new UNDP-funded project of the Government of Ghana, the Government has identified a number of

priority rural districts (Bongo, Dangbe West, Afram Plains, Accra Metropolitan Area and Juabeso Bia) and

products (cashew, mango, honey and beeswax, mushrooms, fish, processed fish, packaged fruits and vegetables, black pepper, straw handicraft) for the development of a number of new EPVs. The project follows an earlier one implemented in the early 1990s) which had already launched various successful EPVs in the country.”

3. Review of ITC, ‘Ghana: Export Production Villages’ (Geneva, April 1998).

Ghana: wooden handicraft in the Aburi EPV Started with 35 woodcarvers in 1990, this EPV has grown to over 300 woodcarvers. It now employs nearly 700 persons (including the woodcarvers). Its annual export turnover has risen from US$ 160,000 in 1990 to US$ 3,250,000 in 1997. It has become a reliable supplier to Getrade and Pier One.”

After initial difficulties in obtaining reliable support from several public bodies for exporting its product, the EPV started in Bolgatanga turned to leading private-sector exporters of straw baskets and done extremely well and the number of women weavers associated with it has grown from 200 in 1993 to 1,000 in 1997. Basket weaving has become the main income-generating activity for women in this area.”

There is also the sad situation where innovative programs initiated during one regime are disregarded to deny any credit to the previous regime. In Sri Lanka a Minister of a changed regime has had the audacity to suggest restoring the EPV scheme under another name. Whereas the EPV model has been

successfully implemented in foreign countries and in fact becomes the seminal concept for wider international programs which are implemented internationally including in China.

With the experience of the successful implementation of the EPV model in several countries the ITC (UNCTED/WTO) conceptualized a wider project with the thrust on Poverty reduction, titled EXPORT LED POVERTY REDCTION. (EPRP).

EPRP projects were implemented in several countries: Bolivia, Brazil, Cambodia,
China, Ethiopia, El Salvador, India, Kenya, Mongolia, Vietnam and South Africa. Many
countries have approached ITC for similar projects, based on the results from existing
projects. The sectors selected included: agriculture products, Community Based Tourism
(CBT), leather products, textiles/clothing and light manufacturing, based on
product/market potential and local resource strengths.EPRP attempts to link small producers to the export value chain, often in collaboration with export-oriented enterprises.

ITC responded to several country requests for the implementation of EPRP projects. Work is currently underway in Bolivia, Brazil, Cambodia, China, Ethiopia, El Salvador, India, Kenya, Mongolia, South Africa and Vietnam.

Another 17 countries had requested ITC’s EPRP technical support and are on the
waiting list for future technical assistance, subject to the availability of funds.

Another success story was the Organic pepper project in Kerala This project was one of the proposals selected in the Development Marketplace Competition hosted by the World Bank in 1999, based on its innovative approaches to poverty reduction at the community level. The project aimed to organise small Indian spice farmers in a few villages, build capacity for organic production. and certification through partnerships with local NGOs, and ultimately provide access to higher-value export markets. The origin of the Project was the initial work done through a former ITC project on EPVs in Kerala done in collaboration with the Spice Board of India.

Group Formation and Culture of Galle Face Protesters -Part I

August 23rd, 2022

By Sena Thoradeniya

During their occupation of the Galle Face Green, Galle Face Protesters (GFP) had brought forth the relationship between youth, politics and culture to the focus of cultural critics. Nobody had ventured into study this phenomenon in detail in the uprisings of 1971, 1988-89 and Tamil Eelam War, although fragmentary  references were made into JVP’s post-1971 Vimukthi Gee”  (of Nandana  Marasinghe fame, assassinated by JVP/DJV; a stern warning for those upper class elements who pampered the GFP coining some adorable names such as Aragalists” and Gotagamians”!) , Nanda Malini’s Pawana” and Sathyaye Geethaya” during JVP’s second insurrection and LTTE’s Pongu Thamil Eluchchivila” celebrations.

In this two-part article we first discuss about formal and informal groups and characteristics of informal groups, relating them to Galle Face protest. In the second part we intend to discuss culture of Galle Face Protesters in depth that arose as a blend of individual level variables of members of different groups of protesters and their group level variables.   

 Since saving space is more important, we in this short piece do not intend to define what is meant by youth, politics and especially culture. It is also not necessary to discuss the political demands” of the GFP or what they understood by politics and how they interpreted the current political situation, some surfaced showing their naivety, inexperience and immaturity, all signifying a lacuna in  theory-based political knowledge; some demands were vague and undefined and some uncertain and concealed. What surfaced were parroting of what were scripted by their masters and handlers, local and foreign.  

The main focus of this article is on Galle Face Culture”, which we do not believe that it will be sustained, developed or become a permanent feature in the cultural landscape of Sri Lanka, although we do not deny that some aspects of it can penetrate into the wider society.  Some other arguments against this may arise questioning our premise   whether it is scientific to examine a culture among some loosely knitted individuals, not inhabiting a particular locality permanently.

But some sort of a culture is discernible among groups of office- train travelers (forcible reservation of seats and sections of compartments, playing cards, repartee etc.), parents who chaperon their children to school and Room Mothers”, students sitting next to each other in a classroom, devotees of Bacchus who habitually go to the same barroom, people living in one lane or adjoining apartments or different floors of flats”  etc.. With the advent of Facebook, WhatsApp and other social media platforms another method of group formation receives our attention.  Newspaper reports are in abundance of Facebook parties organised by people who have never met each other physically or engaged in face-to-face communication.  It is common knowledge that the GF protest had originated with the work of some WhatsApp groups. We have discussed this earlier, highlighting how the foreign-funded media agencies played a crucial role in this regard; this needs further investigations

In Organisation Behaviour (OB), groups are defined as consisting of people who interact frequently over a period of time and who share similar interests, attitudes and see themselves as a group. Although a universal definition of groups does not exist, readers may revive their memories, how sociologists and management and OB theorists had defined groups, group formation and characteristics of groups.

There are two types of groups: formal and informal groups.  Although the Galle Face protest has passed   more than sixty days to this day (at the time of writing the first version of this piece in the first week of June ) and some occupy the Galle Face Green turning it into a village”, according to Group Dynamics (area of study  that is concerned with the interactions and forces between group members in a social situation), we still defined it as an informal group. This informal group was spontaneously constituted of likeminded people, as a result of interactions through social media platforms, attractions to each other in small circles, with personal agendas such as self-glorification and a common need: chasing out GR.

There is no dispute that the protesters had come from different economic, social and cultural backgrounds, making it a heterogenous mix of individuals. One of the many attributes of group formation is propinquity or spatial or geographical proximity of individuals who join groups.  We argue now with the advent of social media platforms, proximity described by earlier theorists has taken a new dimension; technological proximity had taken precedence and had become more active, effective and faster than physical proximity. Friendship had outweighed   economic, political or cultural needs and other issues considered by theorists as triggers of group formation. A childlike measure taken by a President who had not tasted the bitter pill of political undercurrents, setting up a ready to occupy Protest Site” at the Galle face, solved the problem of proximity of the protesters and permanency of occupation.  As wild elephants do not strictly pass through elephant corridors” demarcated by wild life authorities and devastate crops and property of the peasants, protest sites spead out to other parts of the country based on the simple factors of proximity and common need.

Theoretically speaking, age, gender, marital status, personality characteristics, values, attitudes, emotions, perceptions, ability levels and learning, motivation are the individual level variables they had brought into this informal group. They had to adjust themselves to group level variables such as group behaviour, group standards, communication patterns, leadership styles, power and politics and also conflicts, all integral components of a group. Their culture was determined by the interplay of these two types of variables.

It also can be defined as an open group having free entry as well as free exit which allowed more diverse individuals to shape standards, attitudes, values and behaviours of the rest. People are attracted to informal groups for satisfaction of their needs (in this situation their needs were numerous: personal needs such as gaining recognition, status and pride: theatrical appearance of celebrities, actors, singers, lyricists, medical specialists and many more) and to share a common goal, GotaGoHome”, basically an emotional response of anger, not a product of any ideology, liberal in all aspects, although there were some hidden UNP hardliners and UNP digital strategists. Individuals who experience this emotion seek others who have the same emotion. That was one reason for Galle Face Protesters for not being able to lay a foundation for a new political formation and produce a new breed of political leaders. 

 In the initial stages, we observed that this group inclined to become structured, establishing their external networks, norms or rules of conduct. Emergence of informal leaders and spokespersons which were numerous was a part of this structure. This structure, also can be described as a part of group development through mutual acceptance and open communication; some members volunteering to undertake certain roles and assigning of roles to others by informal leaders, showing some sort of a division of labour.

As the Galle Face group was a large informal group, a mixed clique” in management jargon, we observed the emergence of sub-groups and contending forces with some intriguing names, each calmouring for authorship of hashtags, paternity and leadership arousing internal conflicts; goals becoming inconsistent and unachievable.

Theoretically, the emergence of leaders who are acceptable to all and maintaining cohesiveness in a large informal group like Galle Face Green is unattainable and all leaders who emerge in an informal group remain as informal leaders, who are not formally recognised by all. Imbalances had occurred.  Some self-appointed leaders were chased out attaching the ignominious label Left”.  With the ascendance of Ranil Wickremasinghe it lost its steam, compelling many to decamp. First to decamp were UNP supporters.  

The leadership crisis was the main reason behind the protest becoming an easy prey of more organised political parties, that allowed them to hijack the protest, paving the way to forcibly and unlawfully occupy public buildings, violence, destruction, vandalism, arson and finally being neutralisd and forced to retreat.

In its last days the so-called village” turned into an urban ghetto shaping its culture; vagabonds, drug peddlers and addicts and other underworld elements began to occupy some tents and the communal kitchen became a dana shalawa” to many who search for food.

There is no sign of re-grouping; only veiled threats of a comeback. JVP, FSP and IUSF have started to flex muscles showing that they have become the deciding factor of the next operation. Some of them talk about turning points”.  Representatives of the NGO aristocracy had begun to predict a re-emergence of the protest movement, this time a more clearly organised one with leadership being given by the JVP” and the protests will mount nationally as well”. Who else can predict like this except the fund managers?    

UNP bigwigs who were active with the protesters were given high posts within a very short period, in addition to the positions given to defeated UNPers and ex-Ministers;  (1) one, a former appointed MP, who had launched a malicious social media campaign against Rajapksas and supported the GF protesters, extolling them making  a plethora of posters, as a Presidential Advisor, (2) a staunch anti-Rajapaksa campaigner, former appointed MP, who served less than a month as a parliamentarian and  who made millions by selling the duty free vehicle, as the Trade Union Director, (3) head of a foreign-funded election monitoring outfit as a mandarin in the Presidential Secretariat, (4) a member of the NGO cabal as a media head. How do the Pohottuwa strategists bear this ignominy? So, the present government is not a government of the Rajapakisas, for the Rajapaksas, by the Wickremasinghes” as some make jests. 

Future revelations will tell us who were the real architects of the Galle Face Protest- more on foreign hands, who benefited from it and who were taken for a ride!

https://www.lankaweb.com/news/items/category/sena-thoradeniya/

US Footprints at the Galle Face Protest Site

Saturday, August 20th, 2022

By Sena Thoradeniya M.P. Wimal Weerawansa participating in the debate on Emergency Regulations on 27 July said that CIA through USAID and NED (National Endowment for Democracy) have funded various Sri Lankan Non-Governmental Organisations aiming regime change and protesters were attempting to destroy the State with the aid of external forces. He disclosed the amount […]More >

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Who Were Not Afraid of Galle Face Protesters?

Friday, August 19th, 2022

By Sena Thoradeniya Broadly speaking there were two major groups who supported and sympathised with the Galle Face Protesters (GLF); (1) Local players and (2) International players. It was easy to identify the local players, but not the international players who were hidden and used various agents and dubious methods to attain their main objective, […]More >

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Mirihana Outrage: Harbinger of Present and Some Future Events?

Wednesday, August 17th, 2022

Sena Thoradeniya The previous version of this piece was written soon after the Mirihana Incident (31, March,2022) but I was unable to get it published due to some reasons which do not have any importance to the reader. Whilst accepting that during the past one month (in April) many developments had taken place beyond anybody’s […]More >

Ahmadiyya Delegation Meets Hon. Vidura Wickramanayaka.

August 23rd, 2022

By A. Abdul Aziz – Chairman, Press & Media Desk, AMJSL.

A four member delegation from the Ahmadiyya Muslim Jama’at Sri Lanka (AMJSL) visited to Ministry of Buddhasasana, Religious and Cultural Affairs in Colombo on 22 August 2022. 

Ministry Officials welcomed the delegation and arranged to meet  Hon. Vidura Wickramanayaka, Minister of Buddhasasana, Religious and Cultural Affairs.

Honorable Minister was very much delighted and respectfully accepted the Holy Qur’an Sinhala Translation and the Sinhala Translation of the book ‘Life of Muhammad (pbuh)’  –  and the book: World Crisis and the Pathway To Peace – A compilation of addresses in various Parliaments by Ahmadiyya Khalifa His Holiness Hazrat Mirza Masroor Ahmad.


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