KAMALIKA PIERIS
The attitude
of Yahapalana government to the bomb blast threat raises many questions. Yahapalana
had known that something was going on, but had not taken action.
President Sirisena
was asked whether the Government was aware that there were local Muslims with
ISIS links, prior to the attacks. The President said that there was information
about several individuals, but not enough evidence to apprehend them or to
confirm that they were attached to the ISIS.
For the last four years, these names came up
at the National Security Council meetings. However, there were no revelations
that they possessed weapons or bombs or planned attacks. They had been going
out of the country frequently. We cannot remand anybody without proper
evidence,” he added. Another excuse
offered was that the Emergency Laws were not in place.
The
government had known that Sri Lankan nationals who had joined the Islamic State
had returned to the country, but they could not be arrested, because joining a foreign terrorist organization is
not against the law, said Prime
Minister Ranil Wickremasinghe, blandly.
“We have
no laws which enable us take into custody people who join foreign terrorist
group,” he told Sky News UK.”Sri Lanka has a very narrow definition
of aiding terrorism. Therefore, we find that our existing laws are insufficient
to deal with the extraordinary situation we are faced with. In our country to
go abroad and return or to take part in a foreign armed uprising is not an
offence .
This
explanation is both false and silly, said Kishali Pinto Jayawardene, who is
herself a lawyer.’ I do not propose to
enumerate the laws that could be used for this purpose , but amendments to
existing laws could have been brought in, if the Government wanted to, she
said.’ “The existing laws are good enough to act against those with terror
links,” said Mahinda Rajapaksa. The laws that cover involvement with foreign
terrorists: are the Penal Code (Section 2), the Prevention of Terrorism Act
(Section 11) and the April 2019 Emergency regulations 2120/5 (Sections 26 and
27) said Lasanda Kurukulasuriya.
Yahapalana also
turned a blind eye to the insurgent activity that was taking place
under their noses. There was evidence that Zahran was an ISIS sympathizer and
had given sermons against the government and non-Muslims. This information was
readily available on social platforms. The Intelligence branch should have
immediately infiltrated the organization, also tapped the phones of the leaders
of NTJ, said an analyst. Yahapalana did nothing of the sort.
Instead, Yahapalana
blocked the intelligence and military from taking action, though these agencies
had all the information needed. Intelligence
said, when questioned after the bomb blast, that they had gathered information
on 160 National Thowheed Jamath members who had been trained by terrorists. But
it had not been possible to arrest them as the higher authorities would not
give them the necessary permission. Army
Commander Senanayake also said that the military had very good intelligence but
could not act as it lacked the authority to do so.
Yahapalana
did nothing to stop the Easter Sunday bomb blasts from taking place, though the
opportunity to do so presented itself on a plate. Several Buddha statues in
Mawanella were defaced in December 2018. Investigations led to a raid on a 75-acre coconut
plantation in Wanatavilluwa, Puttalam in January. Explosives and detonators
were found there. Valuable information on NTJ was obtained from those arrested.
If this had been followed up, the Easter Sunday carnage could have been avoided,
said DEW Gunasekera.
Instead the investigators were not allowed by higher
authorities to make arrests during the Wanathavilluwa investigation, though the Defence Ministry and
the police had been informed that these were terrorists reported the media. Law
enforcement authorities did
not pursue the matter even after the detection of a safe
house at Wanathavilluwa operated by the NTJ in January this year, critics
complained.
Two key suspects were captured in the raid at
Lacktowatta in Wanathawilluwa.
But due to the intervention of a powerful
politician, they had been released and one of them had been involved in
Sunday’s attacks, the media
reported. The Vanathavillu raid pointed directly at spice trader Mohammad Yusuf
Ibrahim, and his three sons. But the family escaped scrutiny and succeeded in
carrying out the bomb plot.
Security was
reduced to nothing, by Yahapalana. Security Council had not met for 6 months
prior to the bomb blast. During the past four years there was a significant
relaxation in overall security measures to the point that they did not seem to
exist at all, said Malinda Seneviratne.
Access to government ministries and to hotels was possible without
security checks. Road blocks by the security forces became a thing of the past.
The freedom of movement and access to buildings became taken for granted. Yahapalana turned Sri Lanka into the softest
of targets.
Yahapalana
had appointed persons who did not know the subject of defense to key positions
in the defense sector, including the two posts of Secretary, Defence and Chief
of Intelligence. Under President Sirisena, there have been four Secretaries of
Defence, B.M.U.D. Basnayake, Karunasena Hettiarachchi, Kapila Waidyaratne and
Hemasiri Fernando. None of them had any experience in defense and security. Basnayake was a SLAS officer, Hettiarachchi
was an engineer, Waidyaratne was formerly senior Additional Solicitor General and
Fernando has been the Chairman of various institutions such as Telecom, ITN and
Peoples Bank.
Fernando was
not the only Secretary who bungled the insurgency issue. Defense Secretary
Karunasena Hettiarachchi had also been evasive on the question of Muslim
insurgency. When asked whether Sri Lankan Muslims had gone to Syria to join the
ISIS. He said ‘we shouldn’t to discuss the matter’. Asked
about a threat from Islamic radicals, he said, Let the government and the
Security look after the matter. I think the media should keep away from these
things.” (News in Asia 31.7.16)
Persons without any experience of intelligence
work were appointed to the post of Chief
of National Intelligence. The present Chief,
Sisira Mendis has little or no knowledge in intelligence gathering, said
Merril Guneratne, former senior DIG. Mendis was a former Deputy
inspector General of Police
. His term was extended annually. The State Intelligence Agency is the
main intelligence agency of the country and should be headed by a
professional.
Sri Lanka
Podujana Peramuna said that the Inspector General of Police, Pujitha
Jayasundara, had on 18 April, authorized the transfer of 12 officials attached
to the State Intelligence Service, just days prior to the Easter Sunday
attacks. These 12 Intelligence officers
were those who tipped off the authorities regarding the Easter Sunday attacks.
The
Directorate of Military Intelligence was a highly professional entity. It had
systematically built a treasure trove” of intelligence information. The DMI was a major contributor to the
military defeat of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) in May 2009. Yahapalana reduced its position.
Gotabhaya Rajapaksa said the bomb attacks
could have been prevented if Yahapalana had not dismantled the intelligence network
and extensive surveillance capabilities that he built up during the war and
later on. Gotabhaya said that he had
set up a military intelligence cell in 2011 of 5,000 people, some of them with
Arabic language skills and that was tracking the extremist ideology in eastern
Sri Lanka. This cell was disbanded by Yahapalana government.
Gotabhaya has set
up two intelligence units to monitor security, at Giritale and Kurunegala army camps. “The 7th military intelligence
unit, set up in Giritale army camp did a lot to destroy terrorism in the east. The
unit was sealed by the CID, in 2016,
despite resistance from the army. Extremist groups benefited by the dismantling of
this unit, said National Freedom Front .
Col. Shammi Kumararatna, head of that Giritale
unit and Col.Prabodha Siriwardana, two of the best intelligence officers in the
army, were arrested in August 2015. They were then sent to secondary level
jobs. Kumararatna is at the Ranawiru Sewa Authority, while Siriwardana works at
a welfare shop. . Intelligence
officer Erantha Pieris was also in a welfare unit. Officer Rajapaksa was in the
Women’s unit. This is the fate
of a number of others as well, said analysts.
Yahapalana
tried to strangle the Intelligence service. 244 intelligence officers were
finger printed by the CID. 124
intelligence officers were arrested. These arrests were made on flimsy evidence. 44 of them are still in prison said Wijedasa
Rajapaksa. (Derana 6.55 news 23.4.2019.) Some intelligence officers left the
country and some, such as Suresh Sallay, got appointments overseas. No other
country in the world has persecuted and weakened their own armed forces and
intelligence services in this manner said Mahinda Rajapaksa.
Yahapalana
was slow to act after the event. MP Field Marshal Sarath Fonseka said it took
him 48 hours to get an appointment to meet the Prime Minister after the bomb
blasts. I am the most senior military official in the country and the most
experienced in defense matters, but no one sought my advice in this situation.”
At the time
of writing Yahapalana was still holding back on investigations. The military
was awaiting permission from the government to question suspects. At the moment
the army hands over suspects it takes into custody to the police. “We have
sought powers to question the suspect because we think it’s better to record
statements immediately after arrests. We hope the government will grant us
permission, Army Commander said on 6.5.19.
Yahapalana
government had offered Cardinal Malcolm Joseph a bullet proof vehicle. The Cardinal had
firmly rejected the offer. He was displeased with Yahapalana. Instead he strongly criticized Yahapalana for
inaction.
A joint media briefing
of Cardinal Malcolm Ranjith and Dr. Ittapana Dhammalankara Maha Nayake,
Chancellor of the University of Sri Jayewardenepura was held at Bishop’s House
in Colombo on 29.4.19. The Cardinal said the clergy and the people are not
happy about the manner in which the government is conducting investigations
into the Easter Sunday bombings. I see neither direction nor
coordination in the efforts that have been taken. Security forces tend to go to
places on tip-offs but much more needs to be done.
“The entire Negombo area needs to be
searched to prevent further disasters. When the authorities question some
people and release them, they can flee the country. At least, their passports
should be impounded. We will take to streets if these issues are not addressed,
he concluded.
Dr. Ittapana
Dhammalankara said the people had so far not taken the law into their own
hands, but warned the government not to test the patience of the people.If
another incident occurs, then the country will be plunged into chaos. Therefore,
I urge the government to not allow the situation to get out of hand.
On the 1st of May, 2019, at another
media conference, Cardinal Malcolm Ranjith again expressed dissatisfaction at
the rate the investigations and search operations are proceeding, reported the
media.
He said the Army has still not been given the
required powers to search arrest and interrogate the suspects. Although the
government claims that the military has been given the power to act, they have
only been given the authority to carry out search operations but they don’t
have the authority to interrogate the suspects. Then what’s the point in
engaging the army? They must be given the power to search arrest and
interrogate and extract information.
He wanted the army to carry out an extensive
search operation in Negombo, especially the Periyamulla area. However, during
the search operations in the Periyamulla area, the houses that had been closed
had not been inspected. They have just gone to selected areas only. That won’t do.
They must search every house, especially the ones that are closed up.
Shamindra
Ferdinando thought security measures when he attended President Sirisena’s
meeting with the journalists were insufficient. The security measures were
wholly inadequate, he said. (Continued)