Courtesy Hiru News

Hatton District Judge and Magistrate J. Trotsky, today ordered a post mortem examination of the black panther who died while undergoing treatment at the Udawalawa Veterinary Hospital to be conducted in the Peradeniya Veterinary faculty.

This was after considering a request made by Prabash Karunathilaka of the Wildlife Conservation Department of the Nallathanniya Wildlife Office.

The black panther was found caught in a snare at a vegetable farm on Laxapana-Walamalai estate on the 26th and was taken to the Udawalawe Veterinary Hospital after being initially treated by wildlife officials.

Udawalawe Veterinary Surgeon Malaka Abeywardena said that this rare black panther died while receiving treatment.

He stated that the animal may have died due to complications from the wounds around the neck area of the leopard.

However, Prabash Karunathilaka of the Wildlife Department of the Nallathanniya Wildlife Office stated that the dead leopard was not seriously injured.

He also stated that he has expressed his reluctance to take the black leopard to the Udawalawa Veterinary Hospital.

He said that it was because he thought that moving the animal to a different climatic environment could have an impact.

He further stated that he has requested the court to carry out the post mortem examination of the Black Panther.

H. L. D. Mahindapala

Despite all the convoluted threads of history and politics running through the Vadukoddai Resolution there is only one simple meaning in it: it is a classic case of a crime against peace, the first crime listed in the Nuremberg Charter on which the Nazi war criminals were tried by an international court. The central argument in the Vadukoddai Resolution was worked tendentiously to conclude that they had no alternative but to go to war. History, however, is open-ended and there are always options available for human actors to choose between unmanageable extreme means spinning out of hand causing chaos and the manageable and consensual means which provide the least painful and offensive way to progress. But in deciding arbitrarily to declare the Vadukoddai War the Tamil leadership committed one of the serious crimes in history: crime against peace.

It is a crime defined and recognised in international law. According to the Nuremberg Charter, this declaration of war by the Tamils assembled in Vadukoddai, the parliamentary constituency of their leader, S. J. V. Chelvanayakam, constituted a crime against peace.” The Charter listed three categories of crimes: (1) crimes against peace, which involved the preparation and initiation of a war of aggression, (2) war crimes (or conventional war crimes”), which included murder, ill treatment, and deportation, and (3) crimes against humanity, which included political, racial, and religious persecution of civilians. – British Encyclopaedia.

The Vietnamese Criminal Code was more specific. In Chapter XXIV: CRIMES OF UNDERMINING PEACE, AGAINST HUMANITY AND WAR CRIMES, Article 341, referring to undermining peace, provoking aggressive wars, says: Those who propagate and/or incite wars of aggression, or prepare, carry out or participate in wars of aggression against the independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity of another country, shall be sentenced to between twelve years and twenty years of imprisonment, life imprisonment or capital punishment.”

Ignoring the Nuremberg convictions of the Nazi leaders who planned strategically and deliberately committed the crime of peace – a crime that led to World War II — the Tamil leadership arrogantly declared war against an elected state that was not at war with any community. The politically charged declarations in the Vadukoddai Resolution were to define themselves as citizens of their homeland” of Eelam who were committed to wage a war, or participate in a war of aggression against the independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity of Sri Lanka.

The Vadukoddai Resolution was designed to provide the justification for going to war. But it was a futile war that did not bring the Tamils any good. It did not take them anywhere. This poses serious questions which the Tamil leadership have to answer to their own people:

1. Who is responsible for a futile war that did not achieve anything for the Tamil people? If it did not achieve anything was this war necessary?

2. Why did the Tamil leadership – not to mention the theorising intellectuals – covertly or overtly, directly or indirectly, go along with the Tamil fascist terrorists (the deadliest” – FBI) that were killing their own people more than all the others put together, according to S. C. Chandrahasan and V. Anandasangaree?

3. Having betrayed and abandoned their own people without lifting a single finger to protect them against the worst killer of Tamils since Sankili (massacre of Tamils in 1544) why is the Tamil leadership pretending to be the saviours of the Tamils now by pointing an accusing finger at the Government of Sri Lanka (GOSL) which liberated them from the fascist tyranny of their Suriya Devan”? Is this not a blatant and hypocritical attempt to deflect their guilt and responsibilities of protecting their own people to the GOSL?

4. Why didn’t they go to UNHRC to protect the Tamil people from the Tamil predators? Isn’t it because it is politically disadvantageous to expose Tamils committing crimes against Tamils?

5. Why did they cover-up the genocidal killing of Tamils by Tamils by hiding behind the Vadukoddai ideology, particularly that of blaming the Sinhala bogeyman?

6. Why do they keep blaming the Sinhala state” when the first Tamil de facto state that came out of the Vadukoddai Resolution under the leadership of Velupillai Prabhakaran ran a one-man dictatorship with the blessings of the Tamil leadership, both at home and in the Diaspora, obeying and backing every wish and command of the genocidal killer of Tamils ever in the history of Jaffna?

7. When will the Tamil leadership apologise to the Tamil people for misleading them in the post-independent era and re-position themselves into the real world of political possibilities, abandoning their unrealisable illusions?

In the post-independent period the Tamil leadership has survived in electoral politics essentially by blaming the Sinhala state”. They had never accepted responsibility for their crimes against their own people throughout their inhuman history which ended with Prabhakaran. And our pseudo-intellectuals in NGOs, academia and media – some of whom are in the pay of cash-rich NGOs — have gone along with their fake narrative of blaming the Sinhala state” for discrimination, etc. The final historical verdict at Nandikadal has proved that their narrative, based on selected events and interpretations of those events, was not only misleading but self-destructive. It caused so much pain without any gain. The Tamil leadership chose violence knowing the consequences, knowing the risks and knowing that the end result could not be guaranteed. 

Violence is not a force that can be managed or directed to serve the ends prescribed by political activists all the time.  Nor is it a remedy for all ills. It is a gamble that can bounce back and knock the best laid plans of political and military strategists. Once released violence can rise menacingly as the genie in the bottle. The power of violence can slip out of the hands of those who generated it and fall into the immature and untested hands of those who can rise on it and use it to destroy even the fathers of political violence who launched it. That is what happened in Vadukoddai. The children of the Vadukoddai Resolution turned their guns on the fathers who drafted it and read it aloud in Vadukoddai on May 14, 1976. In other words, the Tamil leadership was hoisted on their own petard. The violence they released to kill their hated bogeyman, the Sinhalese, boomeranged and blasted their own kith and kin and their bravado, rhetoric, arrogance, and politics of the impossible. In their folly, they had to go through a futile war to realise that they can co-exist in peace with all other communities in a united and indivisible Sri Lanka, if we are to believe the recent statements of R. Sampanthan, the outstanding leader of the Tamils.

They were not babes in the woods when they declared war in Vadukoddai. They knew that if they went for violence demanding separation the cost was going to be heavy. No one was going to give them their Eelam on a platter as they discovered after 33 years filled with tears. Drawn from the Sri Lankan experience, creating an exclusive ethnic enclave means ethnic cleansing, killing the other”, hunting and eliminating Tamil dissidents and rivals, recruiting forcibly even under-aged children when they run out of cadres, suppressing freedom of expression, association, independent judiciary and democratic institutions, running a one-man state, reneging on peace deals, and generally allocating more land for graveyards than agriculture or even the growth of Tamil culture. In short, separatism dependent on total violence for survival led to the total annihilation of democracy, liberty, freedom, denial of human dignity, respect for individual rights and, above all human rights. The only culture it facilitated was the gun culture and celebration of the enemies killed. Slaughtering the other” is raised to the highest level in the list of political honours. Receiving an honour from the Tamil killing machine was also valued highly by its loyalists. The glorification of the culture of Tamil violence came, in recent times, from the Vadukoddai Resolution.

Sampanthan was a very young and aspiring political leader in the making at Vadkoddai. He had traversed the distance from Vadukoddai to Nandikadal following the Vadukoddian ideology and its consequences without batting an eyelid. He is the most qualified and experienced Tamil leader to explain why the Vadukoddian ideology, methodology and deified iconology that failed. Or why it turned into Tamil fascism leving a bloody trail of death and destruction. He had seen it rise and fall. As the last of the Tamil Mohicans, should he not explain to the Tamil people what went wrong with the Tamil leadership of which he was a part? Or is he shy to admit the underlining veracity of Prof. Kumar David’s assertion that the Tamil leadership consists of congenital idiots”?

Even though the Vadukoddai ideology gave them a political peg to hang their hopes initially, they continued to hang to it even when they knew it was not taking their people anywhere. They hung on to it even when the first-born child, Velupillai Prabhakaran, that came out of it were humiliating, suppressing, oppressing and destroying their people. In the eyes of the Tamil separatists Vadukoddai Resolution became their Bible that legitimized Tamil political violence, abandoning of the non-violent democratic stream.  The war they launched and backed with all their local and international resources, ran, with intermittent breaks, for 33 years (from May 14, 1976 to May 19, 2009) until it was finally crushed on the banks of Nandikadal.

The Vadukoddai Resolution was a hand-made, home-made political declaration of the elitist Tamil leaders who narrated in it their version of history for declaring war. Their narrative was primarily aimed at justifying their declaration of war to establish a Tamil state, abandoning their cosmetic Gandhian non-violence that was hardly skin-deep. Prof. A. J. Wilson, the son-in-law of S. J. V. Chelvanayakam, the father of Tamil separatism, states that his father-in-law went through every word of the Vadukoddai declaration of war before it was presented to the Tamil leadership. In hindsight, it can be seen that it was the most irresponsible, ill-conceived criminal act that brought no body – the Tamils in particular in whose name the war was launched – any good.

Coincidentally, a parallel movement to that of the Vadukoddai Convention of May 14, 1976 – a movement that took on the militarised mission of establishing Eelam promised in the Vadukoddai Resolution – also surfaced in the same year and the same month. On May 5, 1976, nine days before the Vadukoddai Resolution, the Tamil New Tigers (TNT), one of the numerous Tamil militant groups, changed its name and was rechristened as the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE). It was a fateful month in which the Vadukoddai ideology of separatism found its juggernaut to take the Tamils to their elusive destination – an expectation that never materialised.

The Tamil leadership had also changed the name of their Tamil United Front (TUF) into Tamil United Liberation Front. (TULF). They endearingly embraced the Tamil militants as their boys”. They condoned, or justified, or covered up the crimes committed by the children of the Vadukoddai Resolution. The Tamil leadership, of course, stayed at a safe distance, still ensconced in the parliamentary seats of the state on which they had declared war.  In their preparations for war, the Tamil leadership was behind the front row chivvying the Tamil youth to pull their chestnuts out of the fire.

At this stage the Tamil leadership consisting of the traditional ruling Vellalas were on their last legs. Producing the Vadukoddai Resolution was their last chance of retaining their power in the peninsula. Their political objective and tactics were to achieve a state of their own. But they discovered that the so-called Gandhian politics had not taken them anywhere. The anti-Sinhala politics on which they had survived were pushing them to take the next inevitable step and go to war. The records confirm that the Tamil leadership made all the necessary preparations for the Vadukoddai war. They provided the ideology, the moral and material power, they internationalised it, they financed it, they manufactured propaganda to justify Tamil violence, they defended violations of international law and the rules of engagement in times of war. In fact, the Resolution assigned the specific tasks to (1) the Tamil elite at the top to prepare a plan of action and (2) the Tamil youth to implement it through the gun. But simultaneously they washed their hands off of any responsibility for the violence by blaming the Sri Lankan state and its Forces,

It was the ideological, moral and material support coming out of the Tamil leadership that helped the children of the Vadukoddai Resolution to pave the path for the emergence of a de facto state of sorts which was labelled as Eelam. It is the children born out of the Vadukoddai Resolution that produced the de facto state of Eelam – the first state of any shape or form for the Tamils in the post-colonial period. The Tamils constitute a collective of about 70 million globally of which nearly 55 million live in Tamil Nadu – the original and only homeland of the Tamils. Since there was no possibility of Tamil Nadu forming an independent state, all hopes were focused on carving out a state from the North and the East of Sri Lanka. But the overwhelming forces of history deemed it otherwise.

In participating and passing the Vadukoddai Resolution the Tamil leadership and their partners, both silent and active, played a critical role in preparing and planning to wage war. The Vadkoddai Resolution itself is a key document that testifies to the manufacture of hate politics propagated to initiate and wage war. The Vadukoddians (meaning those who were either active or silent partners of the Vadukoddai ideology) are primarily responsible for laying the foundations of the Tamil killing machine that was refined by the LTTE – the first-born children of the Vadukoddai Resolution.

The planning, initiating and reinforcing the infrastructure of the Tiger killing machine were under the leadership of the Vadukoddians who were either directly or indirectly partners in the crimes listed in the Nuremberg Charter. They were not low-level or middle-level perpetrators of violence. They were the crème de la crème of Tamil society who fathered Tamil violence. They defined, endorsed, financed and even defended in courts the crimes committed by their political children as commendable demonstrations  of Tamil heroism. It was the force of the Vadukoddai ideology that led to the massacres of Tamil rivals, dissidents, moderates, Muslims, Sinhalese and perceived enemies” like Rajiv Gandhi. The Vadukoddians are directly responsible for perfecting the killing machine of the Tamil Tigers. Without their financial, moral, international, political and legal support the Tigers could never have got to the place they occupied at the height of their power.

So in any analysis of the North-South armed conflict which lasted for 33 years what should be recognised first is that it is the Tamil leadership that declared war and committed the crime against peace”. It is the only Sri Lankan ethnic minority community, including their Tamils MPs, that officially declared war against the democratically elected state and their fellow citizens, with the sole objective of breaking up an internationally recognised state. It was ironical – or was it hypocritical? – for the Tamil MPs to be signatories to a declaration of war against the state of which they were MPs. They wanted to have it both ways, with one foot in each camp. As it happened, they had to depend eventually on the Sinhala state” to find protection – a state which they stated did not give security to the Tamils – when their Tamil de facto state was hunting them to eliminate them from the political equation.

The Tamils who were elated with the establishment of a Tamil state – though only a de facto one — were in a state of denial refusing to accept responsibility for the crimes committed by their state authorities. But it must be conceded that in going so far as a de facto state the Tamils reached the highest peak of their power. Their power not only threatened local territorial integrity but also regional stability. They were able to generate and sustain violence through the fascist grip that crushed the Tamils who were cowed down by Vadukoddian violence.

In the latter stages, even Anton Balasingham is on record saying that he could not convince his leader, Velupillai Prabhakaran, to recognise the ground realities and settle for a peace agreement. It was too late when the Tamils realised that the monster they created at Vadukoddai had slipped out of their control. They could not manage their violence either for their own good or for their future. The cocky children of the Vadukoddai Resolution had over-extended themselves and, drunk with the arrogance of gun-power, decided to take on even India. They had installed all the key structures – a judiciary, army, navy, air force, an administration (no legislature though) – to qualify as a de facto state. The international community too had begun to treat them with some respect, particularly as stake holders of the peace process. But the peninsularity of the Jaffna jingoist mind blinded them. They could live only in their make-believe world of Tamil superiority. Their intransigence, arrogance and their self-destructive reliance on violence as the be-all and the end-all of politics dragged them, kicking and screaming, into the murky depths of Nandikadal.

This story ends by confirming that violence has never worked for any community. Sinhala violence of the JVP fascists, Tamil violence of the Tiger fascists and the Muslim violence of Islamic fascists have proved that terror and brutality can never provide a single solution to any community. Besides, violence, once it is released can go in many directions. It is unpredictable and the first victims can be those who released it.

That is the tragic story of the Vadukoddai Resolution.

Concluded.

President’s Media Division

Excellencies,

I thank the Prime Ministers of Canada and Jamaica and the Secretary General of the United Nations for convening this meeting. Global trade, tourism, investments and employment have come to a standstill. The pandemic has suddenly disrupted once sustainable businesses and economies, to unsustainable state of affairs. Countries which have been systematically reducing fiscal deficit have seen a reverse as real economy is no longer income and employment generating.

Debt which has also been on a declining trend has seen a corresponding reversal. Banking is getting a hit as non-performing assets have risen and confronted with a liquidity crisis. Entire Saving – Investment equation has collapsed and this is why financing of development is a topic of relevance to the global economy.

In Sri Lanka main transmission channels through labour income, export related income, tourism and connected services have impacted our real economy. Loss of employment and livelihood is large. Whatever the difficulties we have confronted our policy of people first” cannot be compromised as human development is the only asset we value most. As this is a crisis beyond the control of government and business, international support by way of unconditional budget support and compensatory debt deferment facilities for official debt will have to come from multilateral and bilateral official lenders so that private debt and equity markets will not lose confidence.

The multilateral and bilateral official creditors to developing countries have a special responsibility to be innovative in creating such space for developing world to revive their economies and should not insist on normal conditionalities of lending, after all, most countries have honoured their debt obligations and time has come to provide new space through a decent haircut by official creditors. Our priority to develop agriculture and food security, environment conservation, renewable energy resources, digital economy and digital governance, rural economy and poverty reduction, market access to people and business community, through improved connectivity to villages and creating green cities in line with our environment conservation strategies suffered a setback with almost 2 months lockdown in the economy.

We have taken steps to ease restrictions from this week while keeping health quarantine standards to ensure community will not be vulnerable to COVID-19 health risks. However as two months loss in the real economy and likely time line to reach normalcy will be longer, external funding must be development centric” by all aspects of such facilities. The profiling of official debt and medium term emergency budget support loans by each major bilateral and multilateral lenders will not only provide macroeconomic space to meet private debt obligations and relax trade and payments systems but also restore confidence among private sector creditors to re-energise growth and investments.

I underscored the need for development financing when I spoke with His Excellency Xi Jinping, President of People’s Republic of China, India Prime Minister Hon. Narendra Modi and US National Security Advisor Mr. Robert O’Brien. It is noted that Middle Income Countries seem to get subsumed under the overarching classification of developing countries and thereby their requirements are not wholly met. The fast actions by large bilateral, multilateral agencies without placing conditionalities among themselves and coming forward as development partners in respective developing and middle income economies is the responsibility of leading agencies and leaders of the world.

This dialogue must concentrate on how developing and middle income countries are assisted with emergency funding facility, while encouraging countries to focus on human development aspect including education, health, women and children, new export industries, food security and environment for a better and stable world. Excellencies, I conclude recalling the words of the Buddha arogya parama labha”, meaning good health is the greatest gain.

Thank you.

President’s Media Division 28.05.2020

Embassy of Sri Lanka 

https://www.facebook.com/104428022371/videos/254473382282894

Courtesy Adaderana

The President’s Media Division announced that island-wide curfew will be imposed on May 31 as well as on June 04 and June 05.

Issuing an updated notice on the curfew, the PMD that the curfew will be effective in the island till Saturday, June 6th and afterwards as follows:

Curfew will be in force island-wide throughout the day on Sunday, (May 31st).

Curfew will be effective in all the districts from Monday, (June 01st) to Wednesday, (June 3rd) only between 10.00pm to 4.00am daily as before.

Curfew will be in force island-wide on Thursday, (June 4th) and Friday, (June 5th).

From Saturday, (June 6th) onwards curfew will be effective in all the districts, as before, from 10.00pm to 4.00am daily until further notice.

Travel between districts will be allowed except in Colombo and Gampaha districts, the PMD said.

Courtesy Adaderana

Six more people have tested positive for Covid-19 in Sri Lanka increasing the tally of confirmed cases reported in the country 1,530.

This brings the total number of new cases identified within Thursday (May 29) to 61. 

Today’s confirmed cases include 18 returnees from Kuwait who are under quarantine in Trincomalee, 17 returnees from Dubai who are quarantined at Giragama and 26 navy personnel.

A total of 775 patients infected with Covid-19 are currently being treated at selected hospitals while Sri Lanka’s recoveries has increased to 745.

21 new cases of Covid-19 brings total to 1,524

Twenty-one new cases of Coronavirus have been identified increasing the total number of cases reported thus far in Sri Lanka to 1,524.

A total of 55 new cases of COVID-19 have been reported so far within today (28). 

This includes 17 persons who had returned from Kuwait and are under quarantine in Trincomalee and another 17 Sri Lankans who had returned from Dubai and are currently under quarantine in Giragama.

The remaining 21 patients are navy personnel. Among them are 17 from a quarantine center in Jaffna and 2 from Mullaitivu. The other two navy personnel are also under quarantine.

The total number of COVID-19 cases reported in Sri Lanka has increased to 1,524 while 769 of them are currently under medical care. The number of recoveries stands at 745.

COVID-19: Total case count passes 1,500 mark

The total number of COVID-19 infections reported in the country has surpassed the 1,500th mark, confirmed the Department of Government Information.

This is with 17 persons who had been undergoing quarantine at the Giragama quarantine facility upon return from Dubai testing positive for the COVID-19 virus.

Accordingly, a total of 34 cases have been reported in the country within the day so far. Fifteen of them had arrived from Kuwait and been undergoing quarantine at the Trincomalee quarantine center while the other 2 are Sri Lanka Navy personnel.

The total number of cases reported in the country is at 1,503 patients.

Sri Lanka witnessed the highest daily surge of virus cases on Wednesday (27), with a record total of 150 new infections. Out of these cases, 97 were returnees from overseas at quarantine facilities while 53 were navy personnel under quarantine.

Currently, 748 active cases are under medical care at selected hospitals across the country, as per the Epidemiology Unit.

15 returnees test positive for COVID-19; Confirmed cases hike to 1,486

Fifteen more persons have tested positive for COVID-19, bringing Sri Lanka’s infections tally to 1,486 as of 5.15 pm today (28).

These fresh cases are returnees from Kuwait who are being quarantined in Trincomalee.

COVID-19 infections confirmed so far today moved up to 17, as two virus-positive navy men were also identified earlier this evening.

According to the Epidemiology Unit’s tally, 448 persons – including 3 foreigners – who arrived in the country from overseas have contracted the virus so far.

In the meantime, the count of recoveries reported in the country reached 745 after 13 patients were discharged from hospitals earlier today.

This brings the number of active coronavirus cases who are under medical care to 731.

Sri Lanka reported its 10th death on Monday (25) as a 51-year-old woman who had arrived in the country from Kuwait succumbed to the disease.

Two fresh COVID-19 cases bring count to 1,471

Two more persons have tested positive for the novel coronavirus, increasing the number of COVID-19 cases reported in the country.

The Ministry of Health stated that the two latest infections have been detected among the Sri Lanka Navy personnel.

Thereby, the total number of coronavirus cases detected in the country has jumped to 1,471.

Sri Lanka witnessed the highest daily surge of virus cases on Wednesday (27), with a record total of 150 new infections. Out of these cases, 97 were returnees from overseas at quarantine facilities while 53 were navy personnel under quarantine.

The number of active coronavirus cases who are currently under medical care stands at 716, according to the Epidemiology Unit’s tally.

In the meantime, Sri Lanka has reported 745 recoveries from the virus.

Sri Lanka reported its 10th death on Monday (25) as a 51-year-old woman who had arrived in the country from Kuwait succumbed to the disease.

Courtesy Adaderana

The United National Party (UNP) Working Committee is scheduled to meet tomorrow (29) to decide on the suspending of the party membership of over 100 UNP members who had handed over nominations from the ‘Samagi Jana Balawegaya’.

However, the General Secretary of the SJB Ranjith Madduma Bandara today stated that the ‘Samagi Jana Balawegaya’ was established with the approval of the UNP Working Committee and that therefore this was not in violation of the party constitution.

UNP leader Ranil Wickremesinghe has informed in writing to 102 members of the UNP who had handed over nominations from the ‘Samagi Jana Balawegaya’ that their party membership will be suspended effective immediately.

UNP General Secretary Akila Viraj Kariyawasam stated that as per the party’s constitution prior permission needs to be obtained from the Working Committee before handing over nominations through another political party and that, however none of these members had obtained prior approval in writing. 

Former Opposition Leader Sajith Premadasa and other senior figures of the United National Party are among the members whose party membership has been suspended while they have been given 07 days to show cause.

However, the UNP Working Committee is set to meet tomorrow morning to decide on this matter.  

From 150 Tamils living in Canada prior to 1983, just over 35 years later, Tamils in Canada constitute close to 300,000 or more counting the illegals. Official statistics as per 2016 census claim 157,000 Tamils living in Canada with 122,000 in Toronto. Toronto holds the largest Tamil speaking population outside Asia, while Montreal holds the record for Tamil being the most spoken South Asian language beating even Bengali, Punjabi & Urdu and the 3^rdmost spoken South Asian language in Canada. Toronto & Montreal have since 1990 at least 10 weekly language newspapers as well as radio stations and 3 language tv stations! Since fall of LTTE and Prabakaran, a plethora of Tamil organizations have mushroomed. Tamils are setting a name for themselves in Canada and able to lobby and redefine what Canada thinks about Tamils. Sooner than later, Tamils will be dictating to the White Canadians in what we hope will become the realization of a Tamil Eelam in Canada. Not bad for 35 years!

The white Canadians have re-written history and continue to re-write history usurping the indigenous rights of those that lived before the arrival of the white colonial’s. Well, what do you know the Eelam Tamils are also re-writing history, so naturally they have much in common. The start of this effort is to coerce via lobbying the House of Commons to declare January as Tamil Heritage Month.Hurray – so the first step to re-writing Canada’s history as per Eelam Tamil doctrine commenced with the ‘Tamil Heritage Month Act 2014’.

Tamil Eelam in Canada’s story will begin by ‘recognizing contributions that Tamil-Canadians have made to Canadian society, the richness of the Tamil culture, language, traditions and the importance of educating and reflecting upon Tamil heritage for future generations’. Tamil Eelam Canada first step sealed. Congratulations.

The plan looks obvious enough though the White Canadians have not picked it up. The incremental increase in tempo has made enviable progress and return on investment. The powerful lobby groups are creating magic at municipal, provincial and federal levels extending internationally too. Eelam Tamils have strategically placed themselves inside every mainstream political party across the globe. In Canada, within just 3 decades they are calling the shots inside the Liberal Party, New Democratic Party & Conservative Party. It is likely they will make major legislative changes in their favor too.

It was in 2011 that Rathika Sitsabaiesan was eleced as a MP representing the New Democratic Party in Scarborough-Rouge River. Logan Kanapathi was elected as a councilor in Markham. Rathika in 2014 was bold enough to stand to commemorate Tamil Heroes Day, which honours fallen Tamil Tigers rebels and even went on to equate it to the Remembrance Day that Canadians honour their fallen Canadian heroes.” And she got away with it too! Only Canada’s Public Safety Minister Steven Blaney demanded an apology as LTTE had been banned by Canada since 2006!

These Tamil Canadians even got Parliamentary Secretary of Foreign Affairs & International Human Rights Deepak Obhrai to place a wreath for LTTE fallen heroes! Now that is a major achievement.

Inspite of LTTE being banned in Canada LTTE Heroes Day is commemorated in Markham with full LTTE paraphernalia.

Tamils are making the white nations & their officials dance to their tune. Just look at the statements by people in position praising the entity defeated in May 2009. Would Al Qaeda be able to do the same – no way.

We must feel proud of these Eelam Tamil organizations for their ability to get these international figureheads to deliver such statements. We look in awe at how they have managed to get even Prime Ministers, Opposition Leaders, high profile personalities of countries to attend their events and make statements and speeches against a sovereign country. That is a remarkable achievement. They are so inspired by these Eelam Tamils and want to somehow give them an Eelam …. Give it first in Canada, we say.

Political correctness and multiculturalism have provided bonus points and the loopholes. Anything they do is game so long as you master the art of using political correctness and multiculturalism to your advantage. In most areas where Tamils reside, it doesn’t look like Canada but mini Tamil Nadu. Tamil Eelam ethos is slowly but surely taking shape. What more when restaurants have photos of Prabakaran! You won’t find this anywhere in a country that has banned LTTE!

The issue is obviously not getting drilled into Canada as yet. They may like to look at the tragedy that has befallen Belgium, France and Britain where the whites are likely to soon be in the minority! Let’s also not forget that the whites are a fast dwindling group! Ironically, they are outsourcing their powers to the world’s mischief makers! Good for them!

Eelam Tamils have made sure they cover all corners of Canadian polity – making a mark and name for themselves and grabbing attention across the propaganda platforms – from blood donations, walkathons, helping sick kids, the aged – these have provided super cover to camouflage their other insidious local and international networks. Involving themselves in many charities provides good enough reason to float the slogan ‘how can they be involved in terrorism … they do so much for Canadian society’ and this is exactly the purpose of these initiatives.

Look at all those issuing statements for Tamil Eelam National Day May 2020 – Andrea Howarth, Peter Mackay, John Tory, Patrick Brown, Doly Begum, Jagmeet Singh.

There’s a whole list of Canadians supporting Tamil Eelam.

Bonnie Crombie, Mayor of Mississauga issuing statement for Tamil Memorial Day!

Brampton City Council Mayor Patrick Brown declared May 18 as the City’s Remembrance Day of Tamil Genocide – keep going until the ‘genocide’ term gets backfired on Canada too!  Today it will be Tamil Genocide Education Bill 104” —- we cannot wait till enough Tamils are placed in prominent roles to bring legislation that will undoubtedly shock the Canadians!

We’ve also not forgotten the purposely left out ‘Sinhala New Year’ by the Canadian Prime Minister. But that’s alright if that is what it costs for Tamil Eelam in Canada, by all means leave out the Sinhalese!

So, back home we should be really happy with the progress Eelam Tamils are making in taking the whites and playing them at their own game. This template appears to be applied elsewhere too — the Eelam lobby is powerful in UK, France, Australia and other parts of Europe and when self-determination for a Tamil Homeland was called in both Tamil Nadu and Sri Lanka, who says it should not be sought in Canada, Australia and Europe too…we’re keeping the crackers!

Canada has plenty of land to declare Eelam too.

Sri Lanka’s Northern provinces is just 8,884 km² – Toronto Canada (where 122,000 Tamils live) covers 630.2 km² while entire Canada consists of 9.985 million km²

You will hardly find 50 people gathered demanding Eelam in Sri Lanka nowadays but just look at the enthusiasm by the LTTE diaspora overseas and none of them will even dream of packing their bags to reside in either Tamil Nadu or Sri Lanka, so ideally the Eelam if at all should end up legally established where they are strategically operating from.

Kudos to them… even with the best of diplomats, we have not been able to get any white man to utter anything more than the usual stiff upper lip statements but just look at the progress being made by the LTTE lobby — who would have thought even self-righteous Navi Pillay would come out of the woodwork and drum for Eelam.

Our wishes to the LTTE Diaspora and look forward to them passing more Bills in Canada and carving out Toronto as Tamil Eelam very soon.

Imagine the day the Maple Flower becomes Gloriosa Lily (LTTE flower)

It’s been a piece of cake so far. The rebel Tigers said they admired Canada’s system because it includes mechanisms for self-determination such as the 1995 Quebec referendum on sovereignty. This will decide Tamil Eelam in Canada – we Sri Lankans wish them success.

Shenali D Waduge

By M D P DISSANAYAKE

It is time for Sri Lanka to expand its own, but neglected land resources.   Katchatheevu Island, currently positioned with a landmark of St Anthony’s Church, should be developed as an economic hub specialised in the health sector for local and international travelers seeking health services at an affordable price. 

The Changi was a neglected island near Singapore, a swampland infested with malaria mosquito and jungle, but today represents a standout economic center with its Changi International AirPort.

Katchtheevu Island should also be progressively developed with a master plan to meet the future needs of the region. 

In the current Covid 19 situation, Sri Lanka should undertake development tasks to set up an International Health Hub-Stage I, with a view of accommodating the needs, where treatments are needed in an isolated location. 

In the recent past HIV, SARS ( SEVERE ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME__), EBOLA, hemorrhagic fever, and Nipah virus encephalitis and now Covid 19, wherewith the emergence of each of virus, the international health sectors and researchers take up the role of Fire Fighters.   In the future, various researchers have found the likely emergence of new viruses, both human and non-human.

In the forward planning process, looking into niche markets, Sri Lanka is in an ideal situation to develop Katchatheevu Island to non-traditional foreign exchange sources as well.

Courtesy Hindustan Times

Sri Lankan President Gotabaya Rajapaksa had sought the currency swap facility from India, in addition to $400 million that Colombo had sought under the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (Saarc) framework, during a telephone conversation with PM Modi on May 23.

Days after Colombo sought a $1.1 billion currency swap facility from New Delhi to boost foreign currency reserves amid the Covid-19 pandemic, Prime Minister Narendra Modi told his Sri Lankan counterpart Mahinda Rajapaksa that India stands ready to extend all possible support”.

Sri Lankan President Gotabaya Rajapaksa sought the currency swap facility, in addition to $400 million the country has sought from India under the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (Saarc) framework, during a telephone conversation with Modi on May 23.

Modi spoke on Wednesday with Mahinda Rajapaksa to congratulate him on completing 50 years since first entering Sri Lanka’s Parliament. He recalled Mahinda Rajapaska’s contributions to Sri Lanka’s development and wished him the best for his future.

The leaders discussed the health and economic impact of the prevailing Covid-19 pandemic and the measures being taken in the two countries to counter them. Prime Minister assured H.E. Rajapaksa that India stands ready to extend all possible support to Sri Lanka during this challenging time,” the external affairs ministry said in a readout.

Modi also conveyed his condolences at the sudden demise of Arumugan Thondaman, a prominent leader of Indian-origin Tamils in Sri Lanka, on Tuesday. He recalled Thondaman’s role in taking forward the development partnership between the two countries.

Sri Lanka has been battered by the pandemic, which has led to the complete drying up of revenues from tourism, one of the mainstays of the economy. China’s development bank provided a $500 million loan to Sri Lanka in March to bolster the country’s official reserves.

Courtesy Blue Swan Daily

Sri Lanka‘s COVID-19 Prevention Task Force Committee reportedly submitted a proposal to Sri Lanka’s President Gotabaya Rajapaksa to permit Sri Lankan airports to resume handling international tourist arrivals from 01-Aug-2020 (Colombo Page/Lanka Business Online/Daily Mirror, 26/27-May-2020). As previously reported by CAPA, scheduled arriving international passenger services have been prohibited in Sri Lanka since 19-Mar-2020.

Courtesy Adaderana

Eighty-one more individuals have tested positive for the novel coronavirus, confirmed the Ministry of Health.

The new cases jump the count of coronavirus cases reported in Sri Lanka to 1,453.

All 81 cases are reported among persons who are undergoing quarantine upon arriving in the country from overseas.

Previously today (27), 53 Sri Lanka Navy personnel were reported to have contracted the virus.

Accordingly, 134 new cases have been detected in the country within the day.

On that account, the number of active coronavirus cases who are under medical care stands at 711 according to the Epidemiology Unit’s tally.

In the meantime, the coronavirus recoveries reported in the country reached 732 earlier today as 20 patients were discharged from the Infectious Disease Hospital (02), Welikanda Base Hospital (01), Colombo East Base Hospital (05), Navy Hospital (10) and Minuwangoda Base Hospital (02).

Sri Lanka witnessed the highest daily surge of virus cases on Tuesday (26), with a record total of 137 new infections. Out of these cases, 127 were returnees from Kuwait who are at quarantine facilities while 10 of them were navy personnel, who are also under quarantine. Accordingly, a total of 288 persons who returned from overseas have tested positive for the virus so far.

Sri Lanka reported its 10th death on Monday (25) as a 51-year-old woman who had arrived in the country from Kuwait succumbed to the disease.

Courtesy Adaderana

General Secretary of the United National Party (UNP) Akila Viraj Kariyawasam says letters have been directed to party members who signed nomination papers for the forthcoming General from other political parties, demanding reasons for their conduct.

Kariyawasam mentioned this releasing a statement on suspending the membership of UNP members who have violated the party’s constitution.

None of the UNP members who signed nomination papers for the impending election from other political parties has sought the written permission of the Working Committee, Kariyawasam pointed out.

Stressing that this is a clear violation of the party’s constitution, Kariyawasam says the leadership of the UNP hence decided to take action against the members who have done so.

UNP General Secretary further stated that the explanations and appeals of such members pertaining to the matter will be taken up at the upcoming meeting of the Working Committee and necessary actions will be determined.

Courtesy Hiru News

Archaeological officials say they were threatened with death while marking the boundaries of the historic Devanagala sacred area.

After the CIA revealed the illegal acquiring of lands around the sacred area, officials who visited the area made a public statement of these threats for the first time.

Courtesy Hiru News

The hearing of the petitions filed before the Supreme Court challenging the date of the general election have been postponed until tomorrow.

This was when the hearing was conducted for the 7^th day before the Bench comprising of Chief Justice Jayantha Jayasuriya and Justices Buwaneka Aluvihare, Sisira de Abrew, Priyantha Jayawardena and Vijith Malalgoda

Additional Solicitor General Indika Demuni De Silva, who appeared on behalf of the Attorney General, completed her submissions today.

President’s Counsel Manohara de Silva appearing on behalf of Prof. Pandula Addagama who filed an Intervenient petition in to these fundamental rights petitions, made his submissions

He said the President’s dissolution of Parliament and the gazette issued on March 2 were legal.

Pointing out that there was no legal provision to revoke the gazette, the President’s counsel emphasised that there is no legal provision to hold elections within three months and summon parliament from the date of the dissolution of parliament.

Similarly, he also stated that although the petitioners have called for the reconvening of the dissolved parliament, there is no provision in the Constitution to take such a step.

Attorney-at-Law Manohara de Silva said that the supreme court had recently stated that the election commission can decide independently on setting the date of the election.

Therefore, he noted that it is surprising that the Election Commission has asked for more time to set the dates for the general election and for the issuance of preferential numbers.

He stated that it would raise a doubt whether the Election Commission and the petitioners have jointly worked together to postpone the general election.

President’s Counsel Uditha Igalahewa appearing for an intervenient party stated that there are contradictions in the facts presented in the petitions by the petitioners

He also questioned how the Parliament could be reconvened if the gazette proclamation by the President regarding the dissolution of parliament is revoked.

The Attorney emphasized that a Parliament which is dissolved by the President cannot be recalled except under the exceptional circumstances specified in the Constitution.

Thereafter the hearing of the petitions was postponed until 10.00 am tomorrow and the lawyers appearing for the intervenient petitioners are due to make their submissions tomorrow.

Meanwhile, Attorney-at-Law Nishara Jayaratne stated that three comprehensive reports on the collective action taken by the Government under the leadership of the President to control the covid 19 pandemic was submitted to the Supreme Court yesterday and today on behalf of the Attorney General.

Post-War Sri Lanka: Fractured and unjust for Tamils’ is the article appearing on TheDiplomat by Visvajit Sriramrajan on 15 May 2020. The article is replete in conjecture, abound in unsubstantiated allegations and completely distorting the situation in Sri Lanka. We presume readers who have little or no background knowledge of Sri Lanka will be misled by such propaganda//disinformation and wish to correct the distortions allowing people to question these lies with counter arguments and balanced reasoning.

Questions posed to Visvajit Sriramrajan

·     You speak of a Mullaivaikkal massacre of nearly 50,000 Tamils – while all LTTE were Tamils, all Tamils were not LTTE so we would like to ask you, whether you are referring to the massacre of LTTE or civilians? If civilians, provide data of names of the dead or at least a police complaint by their families. If LTTE, they were given 3 chances to lay down arms and surrender but they rejected and declared they would fight till their last man. In an armed conflict, the two parties battled it out and one side lost and the other side won. 

·     You say the Tamils are discriminated – please provide examples where legislatively and constitutionally Tamils are discriminated where legislatively and constitutionally the majority is not. Give examples where only Tamils exclusively are discriminated because they are Tamils 

·     You say that Tamils have been subjugated because of Gotabaya Rajapakse coming to power – he has been in power not even 6 months. Can you please cite where and how Tamils have been subjugated? Let us know so we can look into this

·     You say Rajapakse’s ‘orchestrated the Tamil genocide’ – wow, you are using genocide term which has a major connotation. Can you then explain how Tamil population is increasing if there is supposed to be ‘genocide’ of Tamils! This is really a strange scenario to understand. 

·     You say there is ‘high level of militarization’ in the North & East – can you please provide some previous articles of yours complaining about LTTE running a defacto state in the very areas you now claim are being militarized? Did you have no issue with LTTE ruling the areas with their guns?

·     You are making major statements and we hope that you can substantiate these with facts and evidence sans sensationalism. 

·     You say Tamils are reprimanded for commemorating their deceased – correction. Tamils are prohibited from commemorating LTTE because LTTE is banned – would US allow open commemoration of Bin Laden? Besides didn’t LTTE prohibit Tamil mothers commemorating Tamil militant group members that LTTE killed? Wasn’t Mahaveer Naal only for LTTE war heroes and not to commemorate members of other Tamil militant groups that LTTE killed? Hope you can provide a response to this. LTTE remains banned in Sri Lanka, India, US, UK, EU and 32 countries still.

·     You mentioned ‘enforced disappearances’ – now isn’t it strange that the Presidential Commission on Missing Persons has received only 23,586 complaints of missing covering period from 1983 and out of this 23,586 missing 5000 are missing soldiers … so now where is your hundreds and thousands of missing??? Surely, if they were missing their names should have been logged.

·     The crocodile story of Tamils being bed to the crocodiles another classic case of imagination going wild – you should seriously think twice about listening to that former minister who apparently had hired 2 convicts to disguise themselves and appear on tv and were paid to lie. There’s an ongoing court case against them now! Pl follow that and by the way can you also tell us where these 2 paid convicts said that Tamils were fed to crocodiles – we cannot remember these 2 stating that…. Hope you include this in your next article. 

·      You say Sri Lanka has not been tried for ‘heinous war crimes’ can you first give evidence of crimes – its been 11 years now and you people drum war crimes but produce some names of the supposed to be 40,000 dead (give a list of their names – then we can check if they were born even) you can even say 1million killed by it means nothing if there are no evidence of dead with at least a dead body. But the Lessons Learnt and Reconciliation Commission did declare 22,247 LTTE dead (now you cannot put this number as civilian) 

·      You seriously have to get your facts straight – Easter Sunday mass murder resulted in over 300 innocent people getting killed. It was a Christian/Catholic event – why should Sinhala Buddhists go attacking anyone for murders taking place inside churches and hotels?

·      You mention the burning of the Jaffna Library in 1981 – well the UNP leader apologized for it as it was done by UNP thugs but Tamils have no problem in voting for UNP and continue to do so. So much for the anger for burning the library. The LTTE attacked the sacred Sri Maha Bodhi killing 146 worshipping Buddhists in 1986. LTTE also attacked Kattankudy mosque in 1990 killing 147 Muslims praying. LTTE also attacked the Temple of the Tooth in Kandy in 1998.

·      You speak of vandalism and property demolition – have you taken stock of how many Tamil houses the LTTE took over from Tamils who did not support LTTE? Did you also do up a list of Tamils killed by LTTE starting from 1975 with the assassination of Jaffna Mayor Alfred Duraiappah. How about the assassination of Sri Lanka’s Foreign Minister Lakshman Kadirgamar, by LTTE – he was also a Tamil! You appear to suffer selective memory! We can provide you a very long list of Tamils killed by LTTE but this excludes the LTTE and other Tamil militant groups killed by LTTE for defying orders — on top of that list would be Mahaththaya who was LTTE deputy leader, killed by Prabakaran after much torture! 

·      Given that you are clueless about the ancient heritage and archaeological Buddhist sites in the North and East of Sri Lanka, this would require another essay to provide all details. Simply parroting what propagandists say does not help at all. What needs to be added is that no one is looking down on Tamil culture in fact there are plenty of Sinhalese who respect the Hindu gods & take part in Hindu events.

·      Sorry to correct you again – Sri Lanka’s conflict was no civil war – it was a terrorist conflict proved by the fact that LTTE killed scores of Tamils including foreigners.

·      A fact that none many wishes to acknowledge is that after LTTE defeat when Tamils discovered Prabakaran’s parents in their 80s were about to be attacked and the Sri Lankan Army had to remove them to safety – when they died later none of Prabakarans children or anyone in the LTTE attended the funeral. This was how they treated the parents of Prabakaran! The State looked after and fed them till they died.

·      Good that you raised the question of funds. As per Janes Intelligence LTTE was making $300m annual profits as far back as 2004 – how many roads, schools, libraries, parks did LTTE build? We can show you that LTTE built plenty of bunkers but did not even provide electricity to people of the Vanni who got electricity for the first time after almost 25 years with the end of the conflict. 

·      You should really look at how North looked under LTTE that ruled it since 1980s and what North looks like now after the defeat of LTTE – its an amazing place, so beautiful and blooming. The farmers are growing vegetables and fruits and people are getting on with their lives. Only people like you are feeding lies and crocodile jokes!

·      The extent of your lies is unbelievable. Citing isolated cases and creating lies. We too can make a fuss about paid advertisement by Tamils saying only Tamils to respond for renting/lease of houses! How discriminatory is that. This too was removed after raising complaint.

·      There was no such act called Sinhala Only Act. The Official Language Act of 1956 which was to come into effect only in 1964. It was to address the historical grievances of the Sinhalese and had nothing to do with Tamils. Besides can you prove that Tamil language had official status administratively under colonial rule from 1505 onwards? Only then can you claim a grievance to Tamil language. Sinhalese was used prior to that as state language and that got changed after colonial take over. This was what was being addressed in 1956.

·      You speak of Tamils as inferior —- thank you for the opportunity to highlight to the readers how the same PM in 1957 brought the Social Disabilities Act enabling low caste Tamils to gain education. What did the elite and high class/caste Tamil leaders do – they travelled all the way to London by ship to beg the British to disallow the act. So who didn’t want their own people to gain education? The Tamils. Please read about this and find out the truth for yourselves. These same Tamil leaders even begged the British to encode caste into the electoral system. They wanted their own people to remain low caste, poor and uneducated. Today, they have the audacity to refer to the Sinhalese as discriminating them. This is so because they want to hide what they did and continue to do to their own people via the caste system. 

·      You speak of Tamils receiving government letters in Sinhalese – well hello, we too have received letters in Tamil… but we don’t go complaining to the world for administrative hiccups

·      We would really love to accept your Mullaivaikkal massacre fairytale if it comes with some sort of believable evidence – like the names of the supposed to be dead. Let’s see that happening first. Without proof of dead bodies, no dead persons names, no skeletons — just wailing ‘massacre’ ‘genocide’ are people so stupid to believe. Any rational thinking person’s automatically want to have facts and statistics and evidence. The mystery to us is why you people are not providing this.

The editors of TheDiplomat, we hope your media ethics include asking the fundamental question – how believable are these stories. Why not ask yourself, if genocide is supposed to have been committed, there must be a major reduction in Tamil population. Just check the statistics. There is no such reduction. How fair is it to provide podium for lies? 

The crocodile story really takes the cake! But this is no laughing matter. No entities can be allowed to drum lies and ridicule a country and denigrate its armed forces. LTTE killed Sinhalese, Muslims, Tamils and even Foreigners. We can provide long lists of the LTTE killings and the LTTE attacks on public property. 

How come this author has not touched on the freedom that Sri Lanka provided to the Tamil children who were kidnapped by LTTE from their parents and turned into brutal murderers. These children were denied their fundamental rights to education and to obtain the love of their parents. Their entire youth and childhood was robbed by LTTE. 

On 18 May 2009 with LTTE’s defeat, the Tamil children were saved from becoming child soldiers. Their parents did not have to fear their children would get kidnapped. They didn’t have to hide them in underground bunkers inside their homes. This itself was a major victory for Tamils. No one has yet counted how many Tamil children LTTE killed by turning them into child soldiers. No one in Tamil Diaspora are speaking for these LTTE child soldiers because they were plucked from poor and low caste homes and their parents were too poor and too afraid to complain against the LTTE. They cried their loss of loved one’s alone. But today, the 594 child soldiers that surrendered in May 2009 to the Army were given a presidential pardon and returned to school. They held a pen instead of a gun and they were guided to find their paths in life. They have become artists, farmers, singers and actors. Gokulan is the singing sensation that all Sri Lankans love – he was a former child soldier. He lost his 2 brothers to LTTE and his sister was also recruited by LTTE during the last stages but thankfully she survived and has returned to her family. 

http://archives.sundayobserver.lk/2011/12/04/fea10.asp

We can provide enough of happy stories for readers than the jokes of crocodile lies by this author.

https://thediplomat.com/2020/05/post-war-sri-lanka-fractured-and-unjust-for-tamils/

Shenali D Waduge

H. L. D. Mahindapala

May 14, 1976 is one of the most underreported, underestimated, underexamined dates in the political calendar of independent Sri Lanka. It was the date on which the Tamil leadership which had gathered in Vadukoddai passed a resolution declaring war against the democratically elected state demanding a separate state. Stitching bits and pieces of selected events from here and there, they painted their version of history which consisted of highly controversial accusations to demonise the Sinhala-state” – their terminology to stigmatise the democratically elected state as a racist entity with no space for the minorities, particularly the Tamils. So shedding copious tears for the Tamils, the Vadukoddai Declaration of War urged the Tamil youth to take up arms and never rest until they had achieved Tamil Eelam – a political haven of the Tamils, by the Tamils for the Tamils.

The call to take up arms was declared in the last two paragraphs of the Vadukoddai Resolution. It said: This Convention directs the Action Committee of the TAMIL UNITED LIBERATION FRONT to formulate a plan of action and launch without undue delay the struggle for winning the sovereignty and freedom of the Tamil Nation;

And this Convention calls upon the Tamil Nation in general and the Tamil youth in particular to come forward to throw themselves fully into the sacred fight for freedom and to flinch not till the goal of a sovereign state of TAMIL EELAM is reached.”

In these two concluding paragraphs the Tamil leadership assembled at Vadukoddai called upon the Action Committee  to formulate a plan of action” for the Tamil youth in particular to take up arms, abandoning their pretensions of being a non-violent movement. And from 1976 onwards both the Tamil elders and the Tamils youth followed the declared objective of winning the sovereignty and freedom of the Tamil Nation” through violence. It was a clear and decisive declaration to pursue a military course of action to achieve political goals This was the primary message delivered by the Tamil leadership to the Tamil people. It was the fateful day on which the Tamil leadership made their biggest political gamble by deciding to abandon the non-violent, democratic mainstream and go down the path of violence. They decided to change the course of history – and their destiny — with violence. They invested everything they had in pursuing violence and failed. Failed miserably!

Throughout the post-independent decades, the ageing Tamil leadership had pushed Tamil communalism to the extreme end and by May 14, 1976 the force of events generated by them had cornered them. They discovered rather late that the consistent, unrelenting and massive political campaigns they had whipped up, blaming everything on the Sinhala state” in the post-independent phase, had not gone in the direction they had wanted. Their aim was to divide Sri Lanka into two states – a task which they set out achieve with the typical Tamil arrogance boosted by historical distortions, political fictions, and anti-Sinhala-Buddhist venom. They had raised the hopes of the Jaffnaites overestimating their peninsular power and underestimating the consolidated historical forces that had created, built and sustained the nation over the ages.

By 1976 the false expectations they generated had risen to fever pitch and the internal forces – mainly, the Tamil youth — that rose with the high expectations had gone as far as they could and reached the end of their political tether. The Tamil youth were impatient and rebelling against the conservative and failed Tamil leadership demanding a change of course. The internal dynamics within the peninsula had gathered a momentum which demanded instant solutions. Eelam remained in the Never-Never land, elusive as ever. The hate politics of mono-ethnic Tamil extremism, targeting the Sinhala-Buddhists of the South, had gone too far to a point of no return, leaving no room for peaceful co-existence. Any moves for compromises were decried by one or the other Tamil party as surrender to the Sinhalese. Following Jinnah’s partioning of India the Tamil leadership declared that the marriage of partnership was over. They were determined to go for divorce which in their desperate circumstances seems to be the only way out.

In the Vadukoddai Resolution the Tamil leadership was throwing not a challenge but an ultimatum to the Sinhala state”. Pumped up by their mono-ethnic rhetoric, wrapped in mythologies, they were hoping to force their way into Eelam. The plan of the Tamil elders was to make use of the Tamil youth to pull their political chestnuts out.  In the process, they had painted themselves into a mono-ethnic extremity from which they could not get out except through violence. They were determined to dissolve the marriage made by the gods of geography and history. All what they needed was a public declaration justifying the hate politics of the North for them to declare war. The Vadukoddai Resolution was introduced to spell out the reasons why they refused to coexist. Demanding disproportionate shares of positions (particularly in the government service), power in the legislatures, privileges enshrined in the various constitutions and, most of all, territories as ethnic enclaves they had pushed themselves into a self-destructive political extremity. It led them to mono-ethnic politics, excluding the other”.  With this agenda they had nowhere else to go except to embrace violence.  This confirms the proposition that separatism and violence are inseparable.

It was amidst these overwhelming pressures that the Tamil leadership met in Vadukoddai and gave the official nod for the Tamil youth to take up arms against the elected state of Sri Lanka, hoping to ride on their backs to the seats of power in Eelam. The old Tamil leadership did not realise at this stage that they were handing over their traditional power, which they had wielded from feudal times, into the hands of the untried, untested and inexperienced Tamil youth. The immature Tamil youth who took over were armed with the Vadukoddai Resolution that legitimised their violence. Fired up by the Vadukoddai ideology they came out of their cells like bulls in a china shop. They literally went berserk believing that they had the Vadukoddai license to kill everything that crossed their path, including their political fathers.

In the meantime, the ageing Tamil leaders and the Tamil youth continued to maintain their two-pronged attack on the South. Needling the lower-level ethnic leadership of the South was a deliberate and chosen tactic of the Northern provocative politics, wrote Prof. A. J. Wilson, son-in-law of S. J. V. Chelvanayakam, father of Tamil separatism. The joint front of the Tamil elders and the youth were heading towards violence. Clearly, 1976” was segueing, slowly but surely, into 1983”. The explosion of 1983 did not come out of a misguided government turning a blind eye. It was the cumulative reaction to the collective violence unleashed in the Vadukoddai Resolution. No doubt, the aggressive reaction of the lunatic fringe in the South, provoked by the hate politics of Jaffna jingoism, too had aggravated the worsening inter-ethnic relations with reactive mob-violence breaking out sporadically. But the ultimatum issued in the Vadukoddai Resolution, and the provocative violence targeting the Sinhala state” that followed, were heating up communal tensions. Sinhala CTB bus drivers were returning to Colombo from Jaffna complaining that the Tamil shops were refusing to serve even a glass of water. By 1983 the two communities had drawn as far apart as they could. The last straw that broke the back of the Sinhala camel was the killing of the 13 soldiers.

Looking back, it is obvious that 1983” was the Southern reply to the arrogant politics of 1976” and the subsequent increase of violence of the Tamil youth threatening the sovereignty of the nation – the only place available to the Sinhalese in this lonely planet. At least nominally, the Tamil and Muslim communities had other historical havens to which they could withdraw in case the worst came to the worst. The Sinhalese had only Sri Lanka. It was the only base they built exclusively for themselves. Generations of Sinhalese sacrificed their lives to make it their safe haven. They had a historical right to claim it their own. It was not narrow racism / chauvinism. It was their legitimate, historical and natural right. The Vadukoddai Resolution posed a threat to their security and history and their defensive reaction was predictable.

The debate on the whys and the wherefores of 1983”, of course, is not going to end in a hurry. Taken out of its context and viewed as an anti-Tamil outburst of a society gone mad, the Tamils made 1983” the ultimate proof of their need for a divorce. But if it is placed in the context of consequences flowing from the ideological and political violence unleashed in the politics of 1976” and after, it is logical to conclude that 1983” was an inevitable outcome of the preceding Tamil aggressive and provocative politics. They asked for and they got it, was the general reaction of the Sinhalese. The sequence of events that flowed from 1976” ran incrementally, step by step, one leading to another, until escalating violence reached its explosive peak in 1983”.

Provocative rhetoric and actions of the North unravelled slowly but surely into 1983”. The explosion of 1983 was the counter-violence to end Tamil expansionism and aggressive power grab threatening the territorial integrity and the historical heritage left behind by the Founding Fathers of the nation. The ideological and emotional ambience for an ethnic explosion was prepared and fertilized by the Tamil leadership. The Tamil have always been quite clever in digging their own grave. The other two minorities escaped the horrors of a 33-year-old war because their leadership was wise enough not to hand over their grip on power to the misguided youth. It is the restoration of power to the non-violent stream of Tamil politics by the Rajapakse brothers that has introduced a new normalcy which, hopefully, will grow into a new nation.

Sinhala violence has invariably been reactive, responding to provocative political violence of the minorities. And 1983” is no exception. Besides, no responsible Sinhala leader, no respected or established Sinhala community organisation, nor the Sinhala state” had officially declared war against another community, despite the provocative violence they had faced. Like any other state it had reacted defensively to restore peace, and protect territorial integrity and sovereignty. It has never declared a war to impose its supremacy over the other communities.

The live-and-let-live policy of the Sinhala majority did not go beyond sporadic violence of the fringe freaks against the provocative acts of the minorities. Without condoning any kind of violence, it is clear that those explosions were like the fizz of the soda bottle. Sinhala violence has always gone down almost instantly, soon after its explosion, returning the nation to peaceful co-existence. Only the Tamil leadership decided to declare war against the Sinhala state” at Vadukoddai, creating the longest period of brutal violence. Their politics of hate leaves no room for peaceful co-existence. Vadukoddai Resolution was a recipe for separatist violence and chaos. But it was a wave of tsunamic violence that came from the volcanic sifting of the territorial plates in Vadukoddai and nowhere else.

I repeat, separatism and violence are inseparable. It is the kind of politics that can breed only hatred and not reconciliation.

To be continued

Kanthar Balanathan
Former Specialist Engineer Power & Control NRG-GPS.

Dr Hugh McDermott MP
PO Box 2518
SMITHFIELD NSW 2164

Hon Dr. Hugh McDermott MP,

Diagnosis of Genocide Account on Sri Lankan Affairs

With due respect to you Dr Hugh McDermott, as a true Australian citizen of this great country that practice ideal democracy, and having the statesman Hon Mr Scott Morrison as the Prime Minister and Hon Berejiklian, Gladys MP as the Premier of an assiduous state of NSW, and Hon Anthony Albanese as the Leader of Opposition, where people live in peace and happiness I seek to write to you Dr Hugh McDermott, regarding your speech on the SriLankan affairs.

I am of a SriLankan origin and a Tamil, able to speak fluently, English, Tamil & Sinhalese. I have lived and worked in the UK, SriLanka, Nigeria, India (short) Rhodesia-Zimbabwe, New Zealand, and Australia till to date and have an eclectic understanding of the cultures, ideology, and customary practices of the people in the above countries. I comprehend that Australia is the best country to work, live and retire. People in Australia live cohesively and that’s what our Aston MP and the Federal Minister advocates, which is quite fair. I contend that as a citizen we shall not get involved in partisan politics. Please forgive me for stating this. To me, all are equal although I am not a politician Dr Hugh McDermott.

I am sending two of my books published by separate post which may highlight the genuine authentic facts that prevailed in SriLanka. (i) SriLanka, Sovereignty, Democracy & Terrorism, (ii) Communication & Essays in Politics. These are by Engr. Kanthar Balanathan

I give below the text of your speech on Facebook. Quote ref: https://www.facebook.com/hugh2019/videos/253961789156113/

Hugh McDermott MP: State Member for Prospect

18 May at 03:01 · 

Today, May 18th is the 11th anniversary of the Mullivaykal Massacre. Part of the Genocide that targeted the Tamil Community in Sri Lanka and resulted in the deaths of 160,000 innocent, unarmed men, women and children. Many were murdered because of their culture, faith, language and traditions.

The Sri Lankan Government must acknowledge and accept responsibility for this Genocide. The international community must deliver justice to the families of the victims.

Although we cannot commemorate this genocide in person I would like to thank the Australian Tamil Congress for their unwavering fight to bring justice to the victims and their families so to ensure that this genocide will never be forgotten. I stand with you and remember.

Dr Hugh McDermott, with your permission I would like to discuss the responsibility of a State MP, please. To my understanding the responsibility of an MP is as follows:

https://www.parliament.nsw.gov.au/members/pages/members-ethics.aspx

In their electorate, MPs:
• receive requests for assistance and information from local people (for example, housing, transport, environment, taxes, etc.). They try to solve these problems or refer them to Ministers or other authorities;
• meet with local organisations, businesses, media and government departments and find out their needs;
• make representations to Ministers on behalf of local organisations and individuals;
• support provision of local services and facilities from government funds;
• be involved in local functions and meetings, and support local organisations and events;
• attend party branch/local supporters meetings.

In Parliament, all Members:
• form part of Government, Opposition or Independents (or ‘Cross Bench’);
• attend sittings of Parliament;
• consider proposed legislation (they may also propose Private Members’ Bills);
• participate in debating and voting;
• participate in Parliamentary committees;
• network with other Members, media, community groups;
• raise issues in Parliament on behalf of constituents through such means as:
– questions during Question Time
– making Private Members’ statements
– presenting petitions;
• may have additional responsibilities such as a Minister or holder of parliamentary or party office (for example Speaker, Whip);
• participate in party meetings, party organisation and decision-making.

Any matter that focuses on foreign affairs is to be addressed by the Foreign Minister particularly in the case of ethnic differential and fragmented living by the groups in an overseas country. As far as Sri Lanka is concerned, the current Executive President thinks and acts that all shall be Sri Lankan and equal. I apologise for not being able to know under which of the above role you made a statement of a genocide, please. Please forgive me for highlighting this matter. As citizens, we would like to educate ourselves. I am citing two of my letters written to the Deputy Labour party leader and the Greens leader.

https://nrnmind.blogspot.com/search?q=letter+to+tanya+

https://nrnmind.blogspot.com/search?q=christine+milne

I would like to educate myself as to what is considered genocide: Maybe the deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those of a particular nation or ethnic group.

Quote ref: https://www.ushmm.org/genocide-prevention/learn-about-genocide-and-other-mass-atrocities/what-is-genocide

Killing members of the group Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group

Deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part

Imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group

Forcibly transferring children of the group to another group

The word genocide” did not exist before 1944. It is a very specific term coined by a Polish-Jewish lawyer named Raphael Lemkin (1900–1959) who sought to describe Nazi policies of systematic murder during the Holocaust, including the destruction of European Jews. 

It is not clear as to why some country politicians always refer to the 2009 affair as Genocide”. It believes that the 2009 affair was a war on terror” and not genocide. It may be that some countries want SriLanka to be subdued, however, SriLanka stands up straight and not bow down to foreign intrusion, hence those countries build up cooked stories. Dr Hugh McDermott, can anyone for sure prove that what happened in Mullivaykal was genocide?

Army rescued over 300,000 civilians across to safe place.

Dr Hugh McDermott, it is not fair to mix the WWII affair and the Nazi genocide with that of a small country like SriLanka. I am a Tamil and my village people safely exited Mullivaykal with the help of the army and safely returned to their place. They were driven by the LTTE as Human shield from Vaddukoddai to Mullivaykal in 1995. Genocide can be an example on Hitler, Americans, Canadians & Spanish wiping out millions of Jews, In cars, ascots, Mayans & red Indians.

1. Picture 1 above is a submarine of the LTTE. This is not fancy equipment or toy. This is to blow up Sri Lankan Navy and passenger ships. This is the worst form of terror.
2. Picture 2 is the civilians held as human shield exiting from Mullivaykal with the help of the army. numbers exceed about 100,000. This is only one lot of people who were safely allowed to safety. There were other lots of safety escorted to safety by the army. If then, how could this be a genocide Dr Hugh McDermott?
3. Picture 3 Army Field commanders in the liberation of the terrorist-held area. It is to be wondered as to who helped the terrorists to build aircraft and submarines.
4. Picture 4-Foreign military commanders advising the SriLankan military.
5. Picture 5-Another lot of hundreds of thousands exiting the human shield area.
6. Picture 6- Heavy weapon; 32 feet cannon buried in-ground by the coward LTTE.
7. Do you know the value of the property LTTE demolished? LTTE demolished a Cement factory which was producing 265,000 tons of cement per year. 132kV transmission lines/towers which was feeding electricity to the North.
8. Massacred thousands of Tamil civilians and buried them.
9. Murdered Rajiv Gandhi (PM India) and several SriLankan politicians.

Australia is a country where we all live and work hard to survive, it is considered that when politicians play on cheap partisan politics supporting only one side of the ethnic race, it is unfair, and maybe human rights violation. Why not talk to the SriLankan High Commissioner in Canberra, and the SPUR- Sydney & Victoria to study the real truth of the situation. It may be that the practice of democracy can lead to partisan politics, I do not know.

At this situation of the Corona Virus pandemic period; firstly, Tamils should not have gathered for Mullivaykal remembrance, but stayed at home and remembered. Secondly, Dr Hugh McDermott, you could have avoided a speech in FB about the false pretence of Genocide” as it would have hurt thousands of SriLankan Australians. It is to comprehend that you in the labour party may be attempting to drive a wedge between the two races in SriLanka, Australia and the world.

It is a polite request that kindly politicians could avoid practising partisan politics and let democracy take its progression.

Kind regards,

Kanthar Balanathan
Former Specialist Engineer Power & Control NRG-GPS.

වෛද්‍ය රුවන් එම් ජයතුංග
විශේෂ ස්තූතිය; විශේසඥ ප්‍රජා වෛද්‍ය ප්‍රසාද් රණවීර 

මැලේරියාව යනු පරපෝෂිතයෙකු විසින් ඇති කරන රෝගයකි. පරපෝෂිතයා ආසාදිත ගැහැණු ඇනොෆිලස් මදුරුවන්ගේ දෂ්ට කිරීම් මගින් මිනිසුන්ට සම්ප්‍රේෂණය වන මැලේරියාව තර්ජනාත්මක රෝගයකි. සෑම වසරකම දළ වශයෙන් මිලියන 210 ක ජනතාවක් මැලේරියාව ආසාදනය වන අතර 440,000 ක් පමණ දෙනා මෙම රෝගයෙන් මිය යති.  සෞම්‍ය දේශගුණික තත්ත්වයන් තුළ මෙම රෝගය සුලභ වුවද, නිවර්තන සහ උපනිවර්තන රටවල මැලේරියාව තවමත් බහුලව දක්නට ලැබේ.  මැලේරියාව වැඩි වශයෙන් ආර්ද්‍රතාවය සහ වර්ෂාව පවතින උණුසුම් දේශගුණයක් තුළ බෝ වේ. විසිවන සියවසේදී පමණක් මැලේරියාව මිලියන 150 ත් 300 ත් අතර සංඛ්‍යාවක් ජීවිතක්ෂයට පත්ව ඇති අතර එය සියළුම මරණ වලින් සියයට 2 සිට 5 දක්වා ප්‍රමාණයක් වේ. .

 මැලේරියාව ලොව පුරා මිනිසුන්ගේ ඉහළ රෝගාබාධ හා මරණ අනුපාතය ඇති කරයි.  2016 වසරේදී  මැලේරියාව හේතුවෙන් පුද්ගලයන්  මිලියන භාගයක් පමණ මියගිය බව වාර්තා වේ.   2018 දී ලොව පුරා මැලේරියා රෝගීන් මිලියන 228 ක් වාර්තා වී තිබේ. ඇස්තමේන්තුගත මැලේරියා මරණ සංඛ්‍යාව 2018 දී 405 000 ක් විය. වයස අවුරුදු 5 ට අඩු ළමුන් මැලේරියාවෙන් පීඩාවට පත්වන කණ්ඩායමයි; 2018 දී ඔවුන් ලොව පුරා මැලේරියා මරණ වලින් 67% ක් (272 000) ක් වාර්තා කර ඇත.  වර්තමානයේ සෑම මිනිත්තු 2 කට වරක් දරුවෙකු මැලේරියාවෙන් මිය යයි.

මැලේරියාව පාලනය කිරීම සහ තුරන් කිරීම සඳහා වන මුළු අරමුදල් 2018 දී ඇස්තමේන්තුගත ඩොලර් බිලියන 2.7 ක් විය. ලෝකයේ රටවල් 91ක තවමත් මැලේරියා රෝගය පවතී.   ඇමරිකානු මහද්වීපයේ  රටවල් 22 ක් මැලේරියාවෙන් පීඩා විඳිති. ලෝක ජනගහනයෙන් සියයට 40 ක් තවමත් ජීවත් වන්නේ මැලේරියාව සම්ප්‍රේෂණය වන ප්‍රදේශවල ය. මැලේරියා රෝගයෙන් වසරකට ලොව පුරා හාරලක්‍ෂයකට අධික පිරිසක් මිය යන අතර, ඉන් බහුතරයක් වයස අවුරුදු 5ට අඩු ළමයින් වෙති. මේ නිසා මැලේරියාව මහජන සෞඛ්‍ය ගැටළු වක් ලෙස හැැඳින්වේ.

 වෙනත් ඕනෑම බෝවෙන රෝගයකට වඩා මැලේරියාව ලෝක ඉතිහාසයට විශාල බලපෑමක් කර ඇත. වසර 50000 කටත් වැඩි කාලයක් මුළුල්ලේ මැලේරියා රෝගය මිනිසුන්ට දුර්විපාක ඇති කොට තිබේ.  මෙසපොතේමියාවේ කියුනිෆෝම් පිටපතක් සහිත මැටි පුවරුවල මැලේරියාව වැනි උණ ගැන සඳහන් වේ. ක්‍රි.පූ. 3200 සහ 1304 අතර ඊජිප්තු නටබුන් අතර මැලේරියා රෝගය පිලිබඳ ඉතිහාසික සාක්‍ෂි හමුවී තිබේ.  වෛදික යුගයේ (ක්‍රි.පූ 1500 සිට 800 දක්වා) ඉන්දියානු ලේඛන මැලේරියාව රෝගවල රජ” ලෙස හැඳින්වීය.  ග්‍රීක කවියෙකු වන හෝමර් (ක්‍රි.පූ 750 දී පමණ) ද ඉලියඩ් හි මැලේරියා වට සමාන උණ රෝගී තත්වයක් ගැන සඳහන් කරයි.  ක්‍රි.පූ 2 වන සියවසේදී චීනයේ මැලේරියා රෝගයට ප්‍රතිකාර කිරීම සඳහා  පැලෑටියක් භාවිතා කරන ලදී. 

ක්‍රි.ව. පළමු සියවසේදී මැලේරියාව රෝමයට පැමිණීම යුරෝපීය ඉතිහාසයේ හැරවුම් ලක්‍ෂ්‍යයක් විය.  යුරෝපයේ මැලේරියාව පැතිරීම රෝම අධිරාජ්‍යයේ  සහ 17 වන සියවසේදී සිදුවිය. අප්‍රිකානු වැසි වනාන්තරයේ සිට මෙම රෝගය බොහෝ දුරට නයිල් ගඟේ සිට මධ්‍යධරණී මුහුද දක්වාත්, උතුරින් ග්‍රීසිය දක්වාත් ව්‍යාප්ත විය. ග්‍රීක වෙළෙන්දෝ සහ ජනපදිකයෝ එය ඉතාලියට ගෙන ආහ.  ඊළඟ අවුරුදු 2,000 තුළ, යුරෝපයේ ජනාකීර්ණ ජනාවාස සහ ස්ථාවර ජලය ඇති ඕනෑම තැනක මැලේරියාව සමෘධිමත් වූ අතර, මිනිසුන් කාලානුරූපව රෝගාතුර වූ අතර, කාලානුරූපව දුර්වල හා උදාසීන විය.  මෙම රෝගය සමාජයේ සෑම ස්ථරයකම පැවති බවට සාක්ෂි වන්නේ ක්‍රිස්ටෝපර් කොලම්බස්, ඇල්බ්‍රෙක්ට් ඩියර්, සිසේරේ බෝර්ජියා සහ ජෝර්ජ් වොෂිංටන් යන සියල්ලන්ම එයින් පීඩා විඳි බවයි. 

මැලේරියාව යන වචනය ආරම්භ වූයේ මධ්‍යතන යුගයේ ඉතාලි භාෂාවෙන් ය: මැලා ඒරියා – නරක වාතය; වගුරුබිම් හා වගුරු බිම් සමඟ ඇති සම්බන්ධය නිසා මෙම රෝගය කලින් වයස්ගත හෝ වගුරු උණ ලෙස හැඳින්විණි. මැලේරියාව යන වචනය  ප්‍රථම වරට ඉංග්‍රීසි සාහිත්‍යයෙහි පළ වූයේ 1829 දී ය.   මැලේරියාව වරෙක යුරෝපයේ සහ උතුරු ඇමරිකාවේ බොහෝ ප්‍රදේශවල සුලභව දක්නට ලැබුණි.   1880 දී ඇල්ජීරියාවේ කොන්ස්ටන්ටයින්ගේ හමුදා රෝහලේ සේවය කරන ප්‍රංශ හමුදා වෛද්‍යවරයෙකු වන චාල්ස් ලුවී ඇල්ෆොන්ස් ලැවරන් විසින් ආසාදිත පුද්ගලයින්ගේ රතු රුධිර සෛල තුළ පරපෝෂිතයන් ප්‍රථම වරට නිරීක්ෂණය කොට මැලේරියාව පිළිබඳ විද්‍යාත්මක අධ්‍යයනයන්  කළේය. මැලේරියාව මෙම පරපෝෂිතයන් නිසා ඇති වන බව ඔහු යෝජනා කළේය.  

 1894 අප්‍රියෙල් මාසයේදී ස්කොට්ලන්ත ජාතික වෛද්‍ය රොනල්ඩ් රොස් ශ්‍රීමත් පැට්‍රික් මැන්සන්  මදුරුවන්ගේ මැලේරියා පරපෝෂිතයාගේ සම්පූර්ණ ජීවන චක්‍රය සනාථ කිරීමත් සමඟ පර්යේෂණ ආරම්භය විය. මෙම කාර්යය සඳහා රොස්ට 1902 වෛද්‍ය විද්‍යාව සඳහා නොබෙල් ත්‍යාගය හිමි විය. 

  මැලේරියාව උග්‍ර උණ රෝගයකි. ආසාදිත මදුරුවෙකු දෂ්ට කිරීමෙන් පසු සති කිහිපයක් ඇතුළත මැලේරියා රෝග ලක්ෂණ සහ රෝග ලක්ෂණ ආරම්භ වේ. මැලේරියාව වැළඳී ඇති සමහර පුද්ගලයින්ට මැලේරියා චක්‍ර අත්විඳිය හැකිය. සාමාන්‍යයෙන් ප්‍රහාරයක් ආරම්භ වන්නේ වෙව්ලීම හා සීතලෙනි, පසුව අධික උණ, පසුව දහඩිය දැමීම සහ සාමාන්‍ය උෂ්ණත්වයට නැවත පැමිණීම  සිදුවේ. සුලභ රෝග ලක්‍ෂණ වන්නේ තදින් උණගැනීම  අධික ලෙස දහඩිය දැමීම  වෙවුලන තරම් සීතලක් දැනීම  හිසරදය  ඇඟපත වේදනාව  තෙහෙට්ටුව  ඔක්කාරය  වමනය  පාචනයයි.  සමහර වර්ගයේ මැලේරියා පරපෝෂිතයින්   මිනිස් ශරීරයේ වසරක් දක්වා අක්‍රියව පැවතිය හැකිය.මැලේරියා රෝගී තත්වය වැඩියෙන්ම බලපාන්නේ දරුවන්ට හා ගැබිනි මව්වරුන්ටය.

මැලේරියාව මාරාන්තික විය හැක.  බොහෝ අවස්ථාවන්හීදී, මැලේරියාව. බරපතල සංකූලතා ඇතිකරයි.  මස්තිෂ්ක මැලේරියාව ,  රක්තහීනතාවය,  වකුගඩු අක්‍රියතාව වැනි සංකූලතා රෝගීන් අතර දක්නට ලැබිය හැකිය. එසේම මැලේරියාව  දිගුකාලීන සමාජීය හා ආර්ථිකමය ප්‍රතිවිපාක ගෙනදෙන විනාශකාරී රෝගයකි. 
මැලේරියාව නොමැති ප්‍රදේශවලින් පැමිණෙන සංචාරකයින්ට බොහෝ විට ප්‍රතිශක්තියක් නොමැති අතර ඔවුන් රෝගයට ගොදුරු වීමේ ඉඩකඩ තිබේ.

 මැලේරියාව යනු ප්ලාස්මෝඩියම් කුලයට අයත් පරපෝෂිතයන් නිසා ඇති වන දරුණු රෝගයකි.  මැලේරියාවට හේතු කාරකය වන්නේ ප්ලාස්මෝඩියම් විශේෂයට අයත් කුඩා ප්‍රෝටෝසෝන් වන අතර එය උප විශේෂ කිහිපයකින් සමන්විත වේ. එය ඇනොෆිලස් විශේෂයේ ආසාදිත ගැහැණු මදුරුවෙකුගේ දෂ්ට කිරීම මගින් මිනිසුන්ට සම්ප්‍රේෂණය වේ. මිනිසුන්ට ආසාදනය විය හැකි මැලේරියා පරපෝෂිතයන් වර්ග හතරක් ඇත: ප්ලාස්මෝඩියම්  වයිවෙක්ස් , ප්ලාස්මෝඩියම්  ඕවාලේ, ප්ලාස්මෝඩියම්  මැලේරියා සහ ප්ලාස්මෝඩියම්  ෆැල්සිෆාරුම්.  ෆාල්සිපරම්.  ප්ලාස්මෝඩියම්  ෆැල්සිෆාරුම් රෝගයේ වඩාත් දරුණු ස්වරූපයක් ඇති කරන අතර මෙම මැලේරියා රෝගය වැළඳුණු අයට මරණයට වැඩි අවදානමක් ඇත. ආසාදිත මවකට මෙම රෝගය තම දරුවාට උපතේදීම ලබා දිය හැකිය. මෙය සංජානනීය මැලේරියාව ලෙස හැඳින්වේ.  මැලේරියාව බහුලව පවතින ප්‍රදේශවල වයස අවුරුදු පහට අඩු දරුවන්ට බොහෝ විට රක්තහීනතාවය ඇති වන අතර සමහර විට එය මැලේරියාව නිසා වේ.  

මැලේරියා රෝග ලක්‍ෂණ මැලේරියාව හදුනා ගන්නා ක‍්‍රම දෙකක් තිබේ. එකක් රෝහලේ දි රෝගියා සම්බන්ධයෙන් වන සායනික පරීක්‍ෂාව වන අතර අනෙක අන්වීක්‍ෂ පරීක්‍ෂාව මගිනි. බොහෝ විට මැලේරියාව සාමාන්‍යයෙන් සනාථ කරනු ලබන්නේ රුධිර පටලවල අන්වීක්ෂීය පරීක්ෂණයෙන් හෝ ප්‍රතිදේහජනක මත පදනම් වූ වේගවත් රෝග විනිශ්චය පරීක්ෂණ (RDT) මගිනි. රුධිරයේ ඇති ප්‍රතිදේහජනක හඳුනා ගැනීම සඳහා වේගවත් රෝග විනිශ්චය පරීක්ෂණය  (RDT)   පරපෝෂිත ප්‍රතිදේහජනක පවතින බව සනාථ කිරීම සඳහා වන ප්‍රතිශක්තිකරණ පරීක්ෂණ වේ.  පොලිමරේස් දාම ප්‍රතික්‍රියා (PCR) යනු මැලේරියාව හඳුනා ගැනීමේ තවත් ක්‍රමයකි. මෙම ක්‍රමය මැලේරියාව හඳුනා ගැනීමේ සියලු සාම්ප්‍රදායික ක්‍රමවලට වඩා සංවේදී හා විශේෂිත වේ.

මැලේරියාවට එරෙහි ගෝලීය සටන 1955 දී ආරම්භ වූ අතර, මෙම වැඩසටහන ඩීඩීටී භාවිතා කරමින් මදුරුවන් තුරන් කිරීම මත පදනම් විය. මැලේරියා සම්ප්‍රේෂණය වැළැක්වීමට සහ අඩු කිරීමට ප්‍රධාන ක්‍රමය දෛශික පාලනයයි. නිශ්චිත ප්‍රදේශයක් තුළ දෛශික පාලන මැදිහත්වීම් ආවරණය කිරීම ප්‍රමාණවත් තරම් ඉහළ මට්ටමක පවතී නම්, යම් ආරක්ෂාවක් ප්‍රජාව වෙත ලැබේ. 

 මැලේරියා රෝගය සදහා මුල්ම ඵලදායි ප්‍රතිකාර ක්‍රමය වූයේ ක්වීනීන් අන්තර්ගත සින්කෝනා ශාකයේ පොත්තය. ක්විනීන් ඉතා ඉක්මණින් ලොව පුරා වරින් වර ඇති වන උණ සඳහා ප්‍රතිකාරයක් බවට පත්විය. මැලේරියාව වැළැක්විය හැකි සහ ප්‍රතිකාර කළ හැකි රෝගයකි. ප්‍රතිකාරයේ මූලික පරමාර්ථය නම්, සම්පූර්ණ සුවය සහතික කිරීමයි, එනම් රෝගියාගේ රුධිරයෙන් ප්ලාස්මෝඩියම් පරපෝෂිතයා වේගයෙන් හා සම්පූර්ණයෙන් තුරන් කිරීම  සහ අනෙක් අයට සම්ප්‍රේෂණය වීම අවම කිරීම මෙහිදී වැදගත් වේ.   මදුරුවන් දෂ්ට කිරීමට එරෙහිව පුද්ගලික ආරක්‍ෂණ පියවර ප්‍රතිඑලදායකය. මැලේරියා සම්ප්‍රේෂණය මූලික වශයෙන් රාත්‍රියේදී සිදු වේ. මදුරුවන් දෂ්ට කිරීම් වලින් ආරක්‍ෂා වීම සඳහා මදුරු ඇඳන් (වඩාත් සුදුසු කෘමිනාශක ප්‍රතිකාර කළ දැල්) භාවිතා කිරීම, ශරීරයේ වැඩි කොටසක් ආවරණය වන පරිදි ඇඳුම් ඇඳීම සහ නිරාවරණය වූ සම මත කෘමීන් පලවා හරින ද්‍රව්‍ය භාවිතා කිරීම මීට ඇතුළත් වේ.  

මැලේරියාව හඳුනාගත් පසු සුදුසු ක්ෂුද්‍ර ජීවී ප්‍රතිකාර වහාම ආරම්භ කළ යුතුය.මැලේරියාව සඳහා ඖෂධ ප්‍රතිකාර නිර්දේශිතය. ආටෙමිසිනින් මත පදනම් වූ සංයෝජන ප්‍රතිකාර (ACTs). පනත් බොහෝ විට මැලේරියාව සඳහා පළමු පෙළ ප්‍රතිකාර වේ. සමහරක් ඖෂධ පරියේෂණ මට්ටමේ පවතියි. විද්‍යාඥයන් මැලේරියාව සඳහා ආරක්‍ෂිත හා  එලදායී  එන්නතක් නිපදවීමට උත්සාහ කරති. කෙසේ වෙතත්, තවමත් මිනිස් භාවිතය සඳහා සාර්ථක මැලේරියා එන්නතක් මෙතෙක් නිපදවා නොමැත.

 මැලේරියාව බොහෝ දුරට සිදුවන්නේ ලෝකයේ දුප්පත් නිවර්තන සහ උපනිවර්තන ප්‍රදේශවල ය. මැලේරියාවෙන් පීඩා විඳින බොහෝ රටවල එය රෝගාබාධ හා මරණයට ප්‍රධාන හේතුවකි.  2018 දී ලෝක ජනගහනයෙන් අඩකට ආසන්න ප්‍රමාණයක් මැලේරියා රෝගයට ගොදුරු විය. ලෝකයේ සිදුවන මැලේරියා මරණ වලින් 90% ක් පමණ අද සිදුවන්නේ සහරා වලට දකුණින් අප්‍රිකාවේ ය. කෙසේ වෙතත්, ගිනිකොනදිග ආසියාව, නැගෙනහිර මධ්‍යධරණි, බටහිර පැසිෆික්  කලාප ද අවදානමට ලක්ව ඇත.  සමහර ජනගහණ කණ්ඩායම් අනෙක් අයට වඩා මැලේරියාව වැළඳීමේ හා දරුණු රෝග ඇතිවීමේ අවදානම සැලකිය යුතු ලෙස වැඩි ය.  මැලේරියාව යනු දරිද්‍රතාවයට පොදුවේ සම්බන්ධ වන රෝගයක් පමණක් නොවේ: සමහර සාක්ෂි අනුව එය දරිද්‍රතාවයට හේතුවක් වන අතර ආර්ථික සංවර්ධනයට විශාල බාධාවක් වේ.

ලංකාවේ මැලේරියා වසංගතය 1934 අග භාගයේ ආරම්භ වූ අතර 1935 අප්‍රේල් මාසයේ සිට විශාල ද්විතියික රැල්ලක් ලෙස හට ගත්තේය. ලංකාවේ දරුණු මැලේරියා වසංගත දහහත්වන සියවසේ මැද භාගය තරම් වාර්තා වී තිබුණද 1934  මැලේරියා වසංගතය නිසා මිනිසුන් බොහෝ දෙනෙකු මිය යන ලදි. එම කාලයේදී මැලේරියා මර්දන ව්‍යාපාරයේ අධිකාරී වෛද්‍ය කේ. ජේ. රුස්ටොම්ජි විසින් ලියන ලද සංදේශයකින් මැලේරියාව අපේක්‍ෂා කරන ලෙස පළාත් හඳුනාගෙන තිබුණි.  1935 වසරේ සති හයක් ඇතුළත මැලේරියා උණින් ළමයින් 3,500 ක් මිය ගිය බව වාර්තා වේ. 1934-35 කාල වකවානුවේදී මැලේරියා රෝගීන් මිලියන 1.5ක ප්‍රමාණයක් වාර්තා  වූ අතර ඉන් 80,000කට වඩා පිරිසක්  මිය ගියහ. මේ කාලයේදී රටේ ජනගහනයෙන් හතරෙන් එකකට මැලේරියා වැළඳුණු බව කියවේ. 1968 වසරේදී ලංකාව පුරා මැලේරියාව වැළඳුණු රෝගීන්ගේ සංඛ්‍යාව හාරලක්‍ෂයද ඉක්මවා එය දරුණු වසංගතයක් බවට පත්ව තිබිණි. එසේම 1968-1970, 1974-1976, 1986-1988 මෙන්ම 1991-1993 වැනි කාලවල ලංකාව තුළ මැලේරියා රෝගය වසංගත මට්ටමටම පත් වුණු බව වාර්තා වී තිබේ.  

ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේ මැලේරියා මර්දන වැඩසටහන වසර 100 ආසන්න කාලයක් පැරණිය. මැලේරියා රෝග මර්දනය සඳහා සෞඛ්‍ය අංශ මගින් කළ කැපවීමේ ප‍්‍රතිඵලයක් ලෙස පසුගිය කාලය පුරා විශාල ප්‍රගතියක් ලැබීය. 1991 වසරේදී 400,000 වූ මැලේරියා රෝගින් සංඛ්‍යාව 2012 වසර අවසානය වන විට ශුන්‍ය අගයක් ගත්තේය. අවසන් මැලේරියා (දේශීය) රෝගියා වාර්තා වූයේ  2012 වසරේ ඔක්තෝබර් මාසයේදීය. 2012 වසරින් පසුව දේශීය රෝගියෙක් වාර්තා නොවීමෙන් මැලේරියා පරපෝෂිතයා ලංකාවෙන් මුළුමනින්ම තුරන්වී ඇති බව තහවුරු වෙයි.   

 මැලේරියාව තුරන් කිරීම ජාතික සංවර්ධනය සඳහා සහ එක්සත් ජාතීන්ගේ තිරසාර සංවර්ධන ඉලක්ක සපුරා ගැනීම සඳහා  සෞඛ්‍ය ප්‍රමුඛතාවයකි. බොහෝ කලාපවල මැලේරියාව තුරන් කිරීම සඳහා පසුගිය දශකය තුළ වැදගත් ප්‍රගතියක් ලබා ඇති අතර, මෙම ප්‍රගතියත් සමඟ මුලිනුපුටා දැමීමේ ශක්‍යතාව යළිත් වරක් සාකච්ඡාවට භාජනය වේ. පසුගිය දශකය තුළ රටවල් හයක් මැලේරියාව තුරන් කළ බවට සහතික කර ඇත: මොරොක්කෝව (2010), ටර්ක්මෙනිස්තානය (2010), ආර්මේනියාව (2011), මාලදිවයින (2015), ශ්‍රී ලංකාව (2016) සහ කිර්ගිස්තානය (2016).   2016 වසරේ දී ශ්‍රී ලංකාව මැලේරියාව සම්පූර්ණයෙන්ම තුරන් කළ රටක් බවට වූ සහතිකය ලෝක සෞඛ්‍ය සංවිධානය විසින් මෙරටට ලබා දෙන ලදි. නමුත් විදේශයන්හිදී මැලේරියාව වැළඳුන පුද්ගලයන් ලංකාවට පැමිනීම මගින් රෝග ව්‍යාප්තිය සිදු විය හැකි බව මෙහිදී අප අමතක නොකල යුතුය. 

වෛද්‍ය රුවන් එම් ජයතුංග
විශේෂ ස්තූතිය; විශේසඥ ප්‍රජා වෛද්‍ය ප්‍රසාද් රණවීර 

චන්ද්‍රසිරි විජයවික්‍රම, LL.B., Ph.D.

x.නීතියට ආත්මයක් නැත> – තිරන්ත වලලියද්ද
x.නීතිය අපකීර්තියට පත් නොකල යුතුය> – කාදිනල් මැල්කම් රංජිත්
x.මහජන විශ්වාසය හා ලබැඳියාව නඟාලීම> සුප්‍රිම් උසාවි මොටෝ එක

නඩුකාරවරුන්ගේ ළමා කාලය

කොසොල් රජතුමාගේ සීන දාසැය වනාහි, බයිබලයේ තිබෙන අනාගත වාක්‍ය වගේම මුළු ලෝකයම අලලා කරණ ලද විග්‍රහයක් මිස, එක රටකට, ඉන්දියාවට හෝ අනාගත ලංකාවට හෝ පමණක් විශේෂයෙන් කල විස්තරයක් නොවේ. සුප්‍රිම් උසාවියේ හා පහල උසාවිවල නඩුකාරතුමන්ලා කී දෙනෙක් මේ මහා සුපින ජාතකයේ සඳහන් වන කොසොල් රජතුමා දුටු සීන දාසැය කියවා හෝ අසා ඇද්ද කියා මට සිතුනේ, මේ ලඟදී කොළඹදී මුණගැසෙන, Fරිඩය් Fඔරුම් පිරිස විසින් <දේවෝ වස්සතු කාලේන> යන බෞද්‌ධ සංකල්පය, ඔවුන් විසින් ජනාධිපතිට යැවූ ව්‍යවස්ථා නීතියට අදාල ලිපියක සඳහන් කර තිබෙනු දුටු විටය. ඉහල උසාවි දෙක 1956 න් පසු තාමත් වැඩ කරන්නේ ඉංග්‍රීසියෙන් ය. නඩුකාර ක්‍රමය දූෂණය වීම ගැනද කොසොල් රජතුමා සීනවලදී දුටුවේය. රටේ නඩුකාරවරුන්ගෙන් කී දෙනෙක් ඉරිදා දහම් පාසැල් ගිය අයද කියාත් සිතේ.

නීති විද්‍යාව හා බුද්‌ධාගමේ සංකල්ප අතර පවතින ලඟ සම්බන්‌ධය පිළිඹඳ උදාහරණ දෙකක් පමණක් දෙනවා නම්: (1) චේතනාව හා (2) සාධාරණ‌ත්‌වය යන මූලධ‌ර්‍ම දෙකම මේ මිනිස් සංසිද්‌ධි දෙකේම පදනමය. ඉන්ටෙන්ෂන් හා රීසනබල්නස් නීති කරත්තයේ රෝද දෙකය. ධම්මපදයේ මුල් ගාථා දෙකේ දැක්‌වෙන යහපත් හා දුෂ්ට චේතනා හා කර්‌මය ගමන් කරන්නේ මධ්‍යම ප්‍රතිපදා පාරේය. මෙම මධ්‍යම ප්‍රතිපදාව, ප්‍රජාතන්ත්‍රවාදයේද මුල්ගල වන <කොම්ප්‍රොමයිස්> හෙවත් නිති විද්‍යාවේ රීසනබල් ඩොක්ට්‍රින් (සාධාරණය/යුක්තිය) එකමය. යම් ස්ථානයක භූගෝල විද්‍යාවට (පොලොව මතුපිට විවිධ‌ත්‌වය) අනුව යම් ක්‍රියාවක් රීසනබල් වීමට හෝ නොවීමට ඉඩ ඇත. යම් ප්‍රදේශයක හෝ සමාජයක/රටක භූගෝල විද්‍යාවට පටහැනි වන නීති පැනවිය නොහැක කියන්නේ මේ පාරේ ඉදිරි ගමනටය.

තිරන්ත වලලියද්ද, අපරාධ නීතිය පිළිඹඳ විශේෂඥයෙකි. නීතියට ආත්මයක් නැතැයි කීමෙන් ඔහු අදහස් කරන්නේ ආත්මය (මනස?) තිබෙන්නේ නීතිය ක්‍රියාත්මක කරණා අයවලුන්ට යන්නය. ආත්මය යනු චේතනාවය. යුක්තිය ඉෂ්ට කල හැක්කේ ආත්මයක් තිබෙනවා නම් පමණය. 1600 දී සිට ඉංග්‍රීසි නීතිය විසින් සමාගම් වලට (පෙරදිග ඉන්දියා වෙළද සමාගම වැනි), සංස්ථාවලට, මිනිසෙකුට මෙන් කෘතිම ආත්මයක් ලබාදුන්නේය. ඉන් අදහස් වන්නේද ලියා පදිංචිකල සමාගමකට චේතනාව ආරූඪ කල හැකි බවය. නීතිය අපකීර්තියට පත්කරනවා යයි කීමෙන් කාදිනල්තුමා අදහස් කරන්නේද වලලියද්දගේ කතාවමය. නිතීය නමැති දෙවඟන මිනිසුන්ගේ චේතනාවෙන් අපවිත්‍ර වේ. සමහරවිට එංගලන්තයෙන් කොපිකල, ලංකාවේ සුප්‍රිම් හා ඇපැල් උසාවි මොටෝ එක උත්සාහ කරන්නේද, සද්භාවයෙන් ක්‍රියා කර උසාවි කෙරෙහි, නීතිය කෙරෙහි, මහජන ගෞරවය නංවාලීමය. මේ අනුව බලන විට මේ අදහස් තුන ත්‍රිකෝණයක් වැනිය. එහි පාදය උසාවියේ මොටෝ එකය. මැදින් තිබෙන්නේ නීති සම්භාරයය.

වළාකුලක් දැලකින් බඳින්නට සැදීම

ඉහත සඳහන් ත්‍රිකෝණය තුල ඇති නීතිය ඉහත සඳහන් පාර්‌ශව තුනට අනුව උත්තරීතර නොහොත් පාරිශුද්‌ධය. එහෙත් ඒ නීතිය කුමක්ද? නීති 282 ක් ඇති මෙසපොටේමියාවේ හමුරාබි කෝඩ් එක ක්‍රිස්තු පූර්‌ව 1754 දී පමණ ලියන ලද්දකි. දෙවියන් විසින් මෝසස්ට දුන්නාය කියන දස පණතද එවැන්නකි. විනය පිටකයද භික්‍ෂූ-භික්‍ෂුණීන් සඳහා පැනවූ නීති පද්‌ධතියකි. අතීතය අතහැර වඩා මෑත කාලයට ආ විට, 1802 න් පසු සුද්දන් විසින් අපට දුන්නේ සුද්දගෙ නීතිය හා ලන්දේසි නීතියේ මිශ්‍රණයකි. ලන්දේසි කාලයේදී කුරුඳු ගසක් විනාශ කිරීමට දඬුවම මරණයය. උඩරට රාජධානියේද යම් කඳුකර ප්‍රදේශවල (වන දුර්‌ගද ඇතුළු) කැලෑ එලි කිරීමට දඬුවම මරණය. මේ අනුව සිතා බලන විට පැහැදිලි වන කරුණක් නම් බලවතා, ලොකු මාළුවා පොඩි මාළුවා ගිලගන්නා කැලෑ නීතිය වෙනුවට මිනිස් සමාජය ක්‍රමයෙන් ආරක්‍ෂාව, සමාජ ක්‍රියා දාමයේ නිශ්චිත භාවය (සර්ටිනිටි), සමාජයේ සම්ප්‍රදායික සිරිත් විරිත් රැක ගැනීම යනාදිය සඳහා නීති පද්‌ධති ගොඩ නඟාගත්තා යන්නය. ඕනෑම සමාජයක බලයේ ඉන්නා සුළු පිරිසක් විසින් මේ නීති සදන්නේ ඔවුන්ගේ වාසිය පිණිසය. අද ලංකාවේ තිබෙන්නේ මෙසේ සුද්දන්ගේ වාසියට සැදූ නීති, ඉන් පසුව බලය ලබාගත් කළු සුද්දන් විසින් පැලැස්තර දමමින්, තව තවත් සවුත්තු කරමින් දිගටම ගෙන යාමය. නැතහොත් ඒවා අච්චාරු කරමින්, තෙම්පරාදු කරමින් පලප්‍රයෝජන භුක්ති විඳීමය. මෙම ක්‍රියාවලියේදී වැඩියෙන්ම හානි සිදුවූයේ රටේ ශිෂ්ටාචාරය ගොඩ නඟූ සිංහලයාටය. මැල්කම් රංජිත් කාදිනල්තුමාට පෙර, ලංකාවේ කතෝලික ජනයාට මෙය හරියාකාරයට වැටහුනේ නැත.

මෙසේ සෙසු සමාජයට නාස්ලණු දමා කළු සුද්දන් ගෙනගිය නීති සැදීම, 1960 න් පසුව, 1978 න් පසුව හා 2015 යහපාලනකාරයින් යටතේ ඉතාමත් පහත් අඩියකට වැටුනේය. උසාවිය රවටා නීති පැනවීම, කතානායක හොර අත්සන් ගැසීම, මෝඩ මන්ත්‍රීන් ඔහේ ඕනෑම දෙයකට අත ඉස්සීම නිසා නීතිය උත්තරීතරය යන ඉහත ත්‍රිකෝණයේ අදහස හුදු මිථ්‍යාවක් විය. වංචාකාරි ලෙස නොපැහැදිලි ලෙස නීති අනුමත කර මුළු ලෝකයම රැවටීමට හොඳම නිදසුන නම් 19 සංශොධනයේ 33(2)(සී) වගන්තිය නමැති බරව කකුලය. ඉන් කලේ සුප්‍රිම් උසාවියට වෙට්ටුවක් දමා පාර්ලිමේන්තුව තමන්ගේ ආයුකාලය තහවුරු කරගැනීමට අවශ්‍යවූ ජනමත විචාරණයකින් ගැලවීමය. මෙවැනි නීති වලට ගරු කල යුතුද, මෙවැනි නීති වලංගු කරමින් උසාවි දෙන තීරණ මහජනයාගේ කලකිරීමට හේතු නොවන්නේද යනාදී ප්‍රශ්ණ එමටය. එක් දේශපාලකයෙකු හිරේයාම වැලැක්‌වීමට ගෙනා විදේශ විනිමය පාලන අළුත් පණත රටටම කල හානියක් විය. සර් ඔලිවර් ගුණතිලකලා පවා ඒ කාලයේ රටින් පැන ගියේ මෙවැනි වංචා නිසාය. උසාවි මොටෝ එක බොහෝ විට වළාකුළක් දැලකින් බැඳීමේ ප්‍රයත්නයක් නොවේද කියා සිතෙන්නේ මෙවන් පසුබිමක් යටතේය.

නැති <ප්‍රජා-තන්ත්‍ර-වාදයකට> කරගැහීම

හදාගෙන, වවාගෙන කමින් තිබෙන <නීතිය> ගැන ඉහතින් කල කෙටි හැඳින්‌වීමට අමතරව, නීතිය ක්‍රියාවට නැඟීමේ කාර්යභාරය පැවරෙන ග්‍රාම සේවක, පොලිසිය, නිලධාරීන්, නීතීඥයින්, උසාවි යනාදී ඒකක සම්බන්‌ධයෙන් නැවත නැවත සුගන්‌ධිකා ප්‍රනාන්දු, නාගානන්ද, වික්ටර් අයිවන්ලාගේ පාරේ යාම, හෝද හෝදා මඩේ දැමීමකි. සුදු නිලධාරීන් විසින් ඒ කාලයේදී මහත් ව්‍යායාමයකින් රැකදුන් බෞද්‌ධ පුරාවිද්‍යා නටබුන්, දැන් බෞද්‌ධ පුරා විද්‍යා නිලධාරීන් විසින්, සමහර විට පගා ලබාගෙන, විනාශ කිරීමට ඉඩදී තිබීමත් නීතිය ක්‍රියාවේ යෙදවීමක් නොවේද? සුමන්තිරන්ට අනුව ප්‍රජාතන්ත්‍රවාදයේ තුන්වන කකුල පාර්ලිමේන්තුවය. එය සදාකාලික අමරණීය අයාතනයකි. ලෝකයේ බොහෝ රටවල ඇත්තේ කකුල් තුනක් නොව ඊට වැඩි ගණනකි. විධායකය යනු තනි පංචස්කන්‌ධයක් නොව අතිවිශාල නිලධාරී පද්‌ධතිය. ඇමෙරිකාවේ හා ඉන්දියාවේ, රට ගෙනියන්නේ මේ අයය. ඇමෙරිකාවේ ජනාධිපති කෙතරම් හොඳ වුනත් ඔහුට, රටට, ඉස්තරම් දේම කරන්නට නොහැකි වන්නේත්, ඔහු කෙතරම් නරක් වුනත් රටට බරපතල හානියක් කරන්නට නොහැකි වන්නේත් මේ නිසාය. ඉන්දි‌යාවේද රටේ දිගුකාලීන ස්ථාවරභාවයට හේතුව බාල්දු නොවුන, නිවට නොවුන නිලධාරී සේවාවය.

සුමන්තිරන් විසින් නොකියන තවත් කකුලක් නම්, සදාචාර වන හෝ නොවන, ස්වාධීන වන හෝ නොවන මාධ්‍යවේදී හා මාධ්‍ය ආයතන රටාවය. කෙතරම් දුෂ්කරතා මැද වුවත් නිලධාරීන් හා මාධ්‍ය ස්වාධීන වීමට යෑමේ ප්‍රවනතාවක් දැන් දක්නට ලැබේ. නීතියේ ආධිපත්‍යය (රූල් ඔෆ් ලෝ) හා ජනතා පරමාධිපත්‍යය යන සිංදු දෙක, සම්පූර්‌ණයෙන්ම මිථ්‍යා දෙකක් නොවී පවතින්නේ මාධ්‍ය නිසාය. වේයන්ගොඩ පොලිසියේ මැරකම් හෝ මුහුදු මහා විහාරයේ ඉඩම් කොල්ලය හෝ රිෂාඩ් ගේ හිස්බුල්ලාගේ හොර හෝ හෝමාගම ක්‍රිකට් පිටියේ කතාව හෝ ඉහත සඳහන් සිංදු දෙක නිරුවත් කිරීමට උදාහරණ නොවේද? අන්තර්‌ජාලය මඟින් සාමාන්‍ය ජනයාට ලබාදී තිබෙන ප්‍රජානත්ත්‍රවාදය, ග්‍රීක-රෝම කාලයේ පුරවැසි අයිතියටත් වඩා ඉහළ දෙයකි. මේ නිසා මහජන මතයක් ඇතිකිරීමේ, විවේචන කිරීමේ, වැරදි එලිකිරීමේලා ඇති කකුල සුමන්තිරන් හොඳින්ම දන්නේය. අනික් හැමදේ මෙන්ම එය අයුතුලෙස භාවිතා කරණ කොටස්ද සිටින බව සැබෑය. ඒවා පාලනය කිරීමේ, මොනිටර් කිරීමේ ඇති අවශ්‍යතාවය නිසා ඇතිකල සංවිධානවලට, එන්ජිිෝ නඩ රිංගාගෙන ලංකාවට විරුද්‌ධව ක්‍රියාකරණ අවස්ථාද මෑතකදී අනාවරණය විය.

උසාවිය බිලි දීමේ යහපාලන උපක්‍රම

කාදිනල්තුමා කියන නීතිය අපකීර්තියට පත්කිරීම යනු, ශුද්‌ධ සිංහලෙන් කියනවා නම් නීතිය දූෂණය කිරීමය. 2009 මැයි 19 දාට බොහෝ කලකට පෙර සිට කළු සුද්දන්, එන්ජිිෝකාරයින් හා කොළඹ තානාපති කාර්‌යාල මන්තරයක් ජපකරණවා මෙන් දිගින් දිගටම කියා සිටි, මේ යුද්‌ධය නම් කවදාවත්ම දිණන්න බෑ යන්න මිත්‍යාවක් වූ පසු, ඔවුන් විසින් ගෙන ගිය කූඨ ව්‍යාපාරය වූයේ, රාජපක්‍ෂ ආණ්ඩුවේ දුර්‍වලකම් ප්‍රයෝජනයට ගෙන, බෝම්බෙන් බැරිවූදේ පෑණෙන් දිනා ගැනීමය. මෙය 2020 තෙක්ම අසාර්‍ථකවූයේ ලංකාවේ හඳහනේ හොඳකම නිසාමය. එසේ නැත්නම් රට රකිනා යම් අදෘෂ්‍ය බලවේගයක් නිසාය. පාටලී චම්පික වගේ කෙනෙක් 2015 සිට, රට-ජාතියට විරුද්‌ධව කල ද්‍රෝහී ක්‍රියා පවා නිශේධ වන්නේ ඒ නිසාය.

2015-19 කාලයේදී මේ රට කැඩීමේ ව්‍යාපාරයට <ගෝඨාභය භීතිකාවක්> තිබුණේ ඒ නිසාය. දැන් අතුරැලියේ රතන හාමුදුරුවන්ගෙන් එලිවෙන තොරතුරු වලට අනුව, ජනාධිපති මෛත්‍රීපාල, ගෝඨාභය අගමැති කරන්නට ගත් ප්ලෑන බකල් වුනත්, පක්‍ෂ දේශපාලකයින් රටට කරණා විනාශය ගැන මහජනයා අතිශයින්ම කළකිරුණේ, පන්සල් දඩයම, පුරාවස්තු සංහාරය, විපත්තු විනාශය, කුරගල-මුහුදු මහා විහාර ඉඩම් කොල්ලය, විග්නේශ්වරන්ගේ දේවානම් පියතීෂන් කතා, චන්ද්‍රිකාගේ නිර්‍වශ්ත්‍රම් පරමං සුඛං සින්දු, හම්බන්තොට වරාය අවුරුදු 200 කට කුණුකොල්ලයට විකිණීම, මත්තල වී ගබඩා කිරීමේ හෙනගහන අපරාධය, සුමන්තිරන්-ජයම්පති-රනිල් ව්‍යවස්ථා මගඩිය යනාදීන් සමඟින්, පාර්ලිමේන්තුව හෙවත් දියවන්නා හෝටලය බල්ලටම යෑමය. මුන් 225 ම එපා යනු 1971 හා 1988/9 කැරලිවලට සමාන සාමකාමි කැරැල්ලකි. මෙහි ප්‍රතිපලය වූයේ පන්සල් විසින් ගොඨාභය මහතා දිනවා ලංකාව හා සිංහල මහජාතිය රැක දීමය. සුළු ජාතීන් රැකෙන්නේ මහජාතියට පාඩු කිරීමෙන් නොවන බව, දෙමළ හින්‌දු ජනයා, පහත් කුලයයි සැලකෙන දෙමළ ජනයා විසින් අවභොධකර ගනිමින් සිටින බව දැන් දක්නට ලැබෙන උපනතියකි. යුද හමුදාව කෙරෙහි යාපනේ ජනයා දක්වන කැමැත්ත දෙමළ බෙදුම් වාදීන්ට ඇති ලොකුම තර්‍ජනයය.

කොරෝනා සරණං ගච්චාමි!

2018 පලාත් පාලන චන්‌දයෙන් ආරම්භවී, 2019 දී සිදුවු අන්ත පරාජය ඉදිරියේ, සුමන්තිරන්ලා/මංගලලාගේ රට බෙදීමේ යහපාලන ප්ලෑන විසින්, කොරෝනාව පිදුරු ගසක් සේ සළකා ක්‍රියාකරන්නේ මහජනතාව ඉදිරියේ සුප්‍රිම් උසාවිය බිල්ලට දීමෙන්‌ය. ඊට හේතුව කෙසේ හෝ පරණ දියවන්නා හෝටලය ඇර ගත්තොත්, ඒ මඟින් රටේ ඇතිවන දේශපාලන ව්‍යාකූලත්‌වය, ගෝඨාභය විජයග්‍රහණයට භාධාවක් කරගත හැකිවන නිසාය. ගියවර මෛත්‍රීපාල/රනිල් නඩුවේදී මෙන් 33(2)(සී) බොරු කකුලක් කර සුප්‍රීම් උසාවිය කලදේ මෙන්, මෙවරත් උසාවිය මැජික් තර්‌කයක් ගෙනaේය යන්න යහපාලනකාරයින්ගේ හා කොළඹ තානාපති කාර්‌යාල වල විශ්වාසයය.

මගේ යන්තම් දැණුමේ හැටියට, මෙවර උසාවියට ඉතිරිව ඇත්තේ ජනාධිපති, රටේ පාර්ලිමේන්තුවක් ආපසු කැඳවීමට හදිසි තත්‌වයක් නැතැයි ගත් තීරණය අත්තනෝමතික තීරණයක් යයි නිගමනය කර දියවන්නා හෝටලය යළි ඇර දීමය. මෙහිදී උසාවියේ පංචස්කන්‌ධ පහ ගැටෙන්නේ ජනාධිපති නමැති පංචස්කන්‌ධය සමඟ නොවේ. ලක්‍ෂ 69 ක ජනතා පරමාධිත්‌වය සමඟය. කලින් නඩුවේදී උසාවිය දුන් තීරණය, පලාත් පාලන චන්දයේ මහජන තීරණයට පටහැනි වූවක් මෙන්ම, ඒ නිසා රටේ ඇතිවූ අරාජක ස්වභාවය (ෆේල්ඩ් ස්ටේට්), රටට කල විශාල විපතක් විය. ඒ පංචස්කන්‌ධ හත, නීතියේ ආධිපත්‍යය හා මහජන පරමාධිපත්‍යය නාමයෙන්, මහජනයාගේ පැත්තෙන් බලන විට නම්, ලොකු මිථ්‍යා දෙකක නාමයෙන්, දුන් තීරණය, පාස්කු ප්‍රහාරයට වක්‍රව හෝ වගකිව යුතු වන්නේ යයි කීම උසාවියට අපහාස කිරීමක් නොව, උසාවියේ ත‌ර්‌ක විද්‍යාවේ තිබූ අඩුපාඩුවක් පෙන්‌වා දීමය. බළලාගේ බෙල්ලේ ගෙජ්ජියක් දැමීමක්‌ය. මෙහි පහතින් පෙන්‌වා දෙන අන්දමට නිර්‌මානාත්මකව, අළුත් ප්‍රශ්ණ අසමින්, රේල් පාරෙන් ඉවතට පැන, පෙට්ටියෙන් ඔබ්බට සිතා ක්‍රියා කරන උසාවි ලෝකයේ ඇත. ටනල් විෂන් කුමණ මානව සංස්ථාවකට වුවත් හානිකරය.

හැකිය-යුතුය සංවාදය

විසුරුවා හල දියවන්නා හෝටලය නැවත ඇරීමට නැතුවම බැරි ආකාරයේ <හදිසි තත්‌වයක්> රටේ ඇතැයි ජනාධිපති සිතන්නේ නම්, ඔහුට එය නැවත ඇරිය හැකිය යන්නෙන් කාරණා කීපයක් සනිටුහන් වේ. (1) ව්‍යවස්ථාවේ සඳහන් කරණ හදිසි තත්‌වය කුමක්ද? (2) ඒ හදිසි තත්‌වය හා ජනාධිපති සිතන හදිසි තත්‌වය එකම දේද නැද්ද? (3) 1 & 2 මොනවා වුනත්, හෝටලය යලි ඇරීම කල හැකි මිසක් කලයුතු යයි කොහේවත් ලියා නැත්තේ ඇයි? සුමන්තිරන් කියන ආකාරයට තුන්වන කකුල නැති රටක ප්‍රජාතන්ත්‍රවාදයක් නොතිබිය හැකි නම්, ඒ කකුල නැතිව සිටිය හැක්කේ උපරිම වශයෙන් මාස තුනක් පමණක් නම්, අඩු තරමින් කල හැකිය වෙනුවට කලයුතුය කියා සුමන්තිරන්ලා හා ජයම්පතිලා ඒ කාලයේ එය වෙනස් නොකලේ ඇයි?

මෙහිදී හුනුවටයේ කතාව මෙන් ජනාධිපතිගේ හිත විමසීමට උසාවියට අවශ්‍ය නොවේ. ඊට හේතුව 2019 චන්දයේදී ඔහුගේ හිත එලිකර තිබීමය. මුන් 225 ම එපා යන චන්ද විරෝධය ඉදිරියේ ජනතාවට ගෝඨාභය දුන් පොරොන්‌දුව නම් පරණ පිරිස ඉඩ ලද වහාම ගෙදර යවන බවය. ඔහු එය ඉෂ්ට කලේය. එය ඔහු විසින් ජනතා පරමාධිත්‌වය ක්‍රියාවට නැඟීමකි. තුන්වන කකුලට (පාර්ලිමේන්තුවට) බලය එන්නේද ජනතාව ගෙන්‌ය. උසාවිය බිල්ලට දෙනවා යයි කියන්නේ මේ නිසාය. පෙත්සම් මඟින් යහපාලනකාරයින් උසාවියට කියන්නේ ජනතාව ඍජුව ජනාධිපතිට දුන් බලය, ජනතා විශ්වාසය කඩකල අවලංගු කාසි 225 කට
යටකරණ ලෙසය!

කියන දේ කරණ ජනාධිපති

චන්දයේදී පොරොන්‌දුවූදේ හැකි උපරිමයෙන් ඉටු කිරීම මේ ජනාධිපතිගේ අභිප්‍රාය බව ජනතාව පිළිගෙන ඇත. පක්‍ෂ දේශපාලකයෙක් නොවන ජනාධිපති යන්නේ <මරණ තුනක් ඇති මිනිහෙක් පැණිකෑය> යන කවි පදය සිහිපත් කරවන අන්දමේ දුෂ්කර ගමනකි. උසාවි විසින් ඔහුගේ මේ ගමනට භාධා නොකරතැයි බලාපොරොත්තුවන බව ඔහු ප්‍රසිද්‌ධියේම කියා සිටියේය. ලංකාවට අවුරුදු 72 ක් පුරාම සිදුවූයේ මරණ තුනක් නොව සියගණනකට මුහුණ දීමටය. 1971, 1988/9 කැරැලි, 30 අවුරුදු යුද්‌ධය, ගමේ ස්ත්‍රීන් අරාබි වහල් සේවයට යැවීම, තරුණියන් රෙදි පැක්ටරි වල අසරණ වීම, මුළු සමාජයම දූෂිතවීම පක්‍ෂ දේශපාලකයින් කොසොල් රජතුමාගේ සීන නොසලා හැරීමේ ප්‍රතිපලය. දැන් අන්තිමේදී කොරෝනාව මුළු ලෝකයටම මේ පාඩම උගන්‌වා තිබේ.

නඩුකාරතුමෙක් බිහිවන්නේ කෙසේද?

ගාන්‌ධි වරක් කිව්වේ නීතීඥයින්, බාබර්ලා මෙන් සමාජයට අත්‍යාවශ්‍යම කොටසක් බවය. ඇමෙරිකාවේ නම් නීතී‌ඥයෙක් වීමට පෙර වෙන උපාධියක් තිබිය යුතුය. ලංකාවේ ක්‍රමය අනුව නීති කෝච්චියට නැංගොත් ඉන් බසින්නේ ඒ ක්‍රමයට අනුව මොළ සේදු කළුකබා කාරයෙකි. මෙය හරියට ඕනෑම අහිංසක කෙනෙක් පොලිසියට බැඳුනොත් ඔහුට වෙනදේ වගේය. මේ සාමාන්‍ය රීතියට පිටි ගිය නීතිඥයා හෝ පොලිස්කාරයා, පිලිවෙලින් දුගී හා උසස්වීම් රහිත කොන්‌වුණ අයෙකි. අතීතයේදී නම් නීති විද්‍යාලයට ගියේ දේපල තිබූ අයය. දැන් යන අයගේ අරමුණ ගාන්‌ධිගේ අරමුණ නොව සේවාදායකයා නමැති මල තල තලා රා බීමය. මෙවැනි ආකල්පයකින් ඉස උදුම්මවා ගත් සමහරෙක් නීතිපති දෙපාර්‌තමේන්තුව හරහා ඉහළ උසාවියට යයි. සමහරු රජයේ රැකියා ලබා ගනියි. තවත් අය උසාවි වල බඩගා පහල උසාවි තනතුරු ලබාගනී. දේශපාලකයින්ට හේත්තුවී ජනාධිපති නීතීඥයින්වේ. තනතුරු සඳහා බලවත් තරඟයක් ඇතිවීම පුදුමයක් නොවේ.

සිවිල් සේවයට වඩා නඩුකාර සේවය බාල්දු කල වෙන රටක් නැති තරම්‌ය. ජනාධිපති ඉදිරියේ දිව්‍ර‌ැම් දීම, සේවය සළකා උසස්වීම් නොදීම, ව්‍යවස්ථා සභාව බොරුවක් වීම යනාදිය ගැන සිතන විට මේ වෘත්තියේ සිටිනවාට ඔවුන්ට ස්තුතිකල යුතුය. එහෙත් නාගානන්ද කොඩිතුවක්කු විසින් ඉතාමත් හොඳින් පැහැදිලි කරදෙන ආකාරයට ලංකාවේ මුළු යුක්තිය පසිඳලීමේ ක්‍රමයම උඩු යටිකුරු කල යුතුය. සමථ මණ්ඩල, ගම් සභා උසාවි යනාදිය මඟින් නීතීඥයින් හරහා කෙරෙන සූරාකෑම හා මිනිසුන් සතුරන් කරණ ක්‍රියාවලිය අවම කල යුතුය. විදේශ තානාපති කාර්‌යාල හා විනිසුරුවන් අතර සම්බන්‌ධතා තහනම් කල යුතුය. මෙය නීති සංගමයටද අදාලය. ඉද හිට මතුවන තරුවක් හැර නඩූකාරයින් සබන් පැක්ටරියක සබන් කෑලි වැනිය. නඩු වාර්‌තා වලට පිටින් ලෝකය ගැන කියවා දැනගතයුතු දේ බොහෝය.

ලංකාවේ පක්‍ෂ දේශපාලකයින් විසින් නඩුකාරවරුන් පඹයින් බවට පත්කර තිබේ. උදාහරණයක් වශයෙන් මොන අටමඟුලක් හෝ කතානායක විසින් අත්සන් කල පසු ඒ ගැන විමසීමට සුප්‍රිම් උසාවියට නොහැකිය. හැන්සාඩ් එකෙන් එලිවන හොර දූෂණ නීති වැඩ මහජනයා දැනගත්තත් ඒ ගැන උසාවි වල අත්බැඳ තැබීම නිසා හෑල්ලුවන්නේ උසාවියේ උතුම් කමය. රට ජාතිය ගැන සළකා අළුත් විධියට සිතන්නට යම් නඩුකාරතුමෙකුට නොසිතෙන්නේ මේ <වහල් ක්‍රමය> නිසාය. අලි මදිවාට හරක් මෙන්, නිහඬව, නිශ්චලව ඉන්නා අයට විශ්‍රාම ගිය පසු නොයෙක් සන්තෝෂම් බලයේ ඉන්නා දේශපාලකයින්ගෙන් පිරිනැමේ. මෙවැනි හිත් දූෂ්‍ය කිරීම් වැලැක්‌වීමේ විධි විධාන තිබිය යුතුය.

තම රටේ නීතිය වර්‌ධනය කිරීම, යථාර්‌ථවත් කිරීම, කාර්යක්‍ෂම කිරීම රටක සුප්‍රීම් උසාවියක යුතුකමය, වගකීමය. මේ සඳහාම වැටුප් ලබන්නේ නීති උපාධි ආයතනවල ගුරුවරුය. මානව අයිතිවාසිකම් වැනි ලෝක දේශපාලනයට ගෑවුණ, පුද්ගලික වාසි ලැබෙන ගනයේ මාතෘකා අල්ලාගෙන ලිපි ලිවීම මිස නීතිය ක්‍රියාවේ යෙදීමේදී ඇතිවන ගැටළු, ක්‍ෂේත්‍ර පර්යේෂණ හෝ අඩුතරමින් මහේස්ත්‍රාත් උසාවි වල නඩු වාර්තා ආශ්‍රයෙන් පර්යේෂණ පත්‍රිකා පිලියෙල කිරීමට සිය ශිෂ්‍යයින් යොමු කිරීමවත් මොවුන් කරණ වාදැයි මම නොදනිමි. මේ සම්බන්‌ධයෙන් මා දන්නා ඇමෙරිකන් උදාහරණ කීපයක් මෙසේය.

ප්‍රසිද්‌ධ ඇමෙරිකන් නීති‌ඥයෙක්‌වූ ක්ලැරන්ස් ඩැරෝ (1857-1938) ගේ ජීවිත කතාව ගැන ලියා ඇති <ක්ලැරන්ස් ෆෝ ද ඩිෆෙන්ස්>, අර්වින් ස්ටෝන්, (1941) යන පොත, නීතිය හා සම්බන්‌ධ ලංකාවේ හැමදෙනෙක්ම කියවිය යුතුය කියා මා සිතන්නේ ඔහු විසින් ඇමෙරිකාවේ නීතියේ වැඩිදියුණුවට කල දායකත්‌වය දැනගැනීමටය. 1939 සිට 1975 දක්වා ඇමෙරිකන් සුප්‍රිම් උසාවි නඩුකාරයෙක්‌වූ විලියම් ඕ. ඩග්ලස් ගැන බ්‍ර‌ෑස් මර්ෆි විසින් ලියා ඇති <වයිල්ඩ් බිල්> (2003) යන පොතද එවැනිමය. ඔහු විසින් අවුරුදු 35 ක් තුල නොයෙක් ඇමෙරිකන් නීති යාවත්කාලීන හා වඩා අර්‌ථවත් කලේය.

නීති අර්‌ථ නිරූපනය කරනවා යන්නට, තිබෙන ලිඳ තවත් හෑරීම (ජඹුර කිරීම) හෝ පලල් කිරීම හෝ මෙන්ම, අළුත් ලිඳක් හෑරීමද අයත් යයි ක්ලැරන්ස් හා විලියම් යන දෙන්නා පෙන්‌වා දුන්නේය. මෙසේ කිරීමේදී පරණ නඩු තීන්‌දු වලින් හා නීති පුස්කොල පොත් වලින් ඔබ්බට ගොස් ඉතිහාස, භූගෝල, දේශපාලන, සමාජ විද්‍යා හා සාහිත්‍ය පොත්ද කියවිය යුතු වන්නේය. මෙහිදී මට මතක් වන්නේ 1972 දී ක්‍රිස්ටෝපර් ස්ටෝන් විසින් ලියූ, <ගස් වලට උසාවි යාමට ඉඩදිය යුතුද?> යන නිබන්‌ධනයය (ෂුඩ් ට්‍රීස් හෑව් ස්ටෑන්ඩින්). ඒ මඟින් ස්වභාවික පරිසරයට නීතිමය අයිතිවාසිකම් දිය යුතුය යන මතය ඇමෙරිකන් උසාවි වලට, පරිසර නීතියට, සමාජයට හා විද්‌වතුන්ට කල බලපෑමේ සීමාවක් නැත.

මෙවැනි තවත් නඩුවක් නම් බ්‍රවුන් එදිරිව බෝඩ් ඔෆ් එඩියුකේෂන්, ටොපිකා, කැන්සස් ය (1954). 1896 සිට ඇමෙරිකාවේ පැවති නීතිය වූයේ සමාන පහසුකම් තිබෙනවා නම් කළු හා සුදු ලමයින් වෙන් වෙන් පාසැල් වල ඉගෙන ගැනීම, සමාන අයිතිවාසිකම් රැකීමේ 14 ව්‍යවස්ථා සංශොධනයට පටහැනි නොවන බවය. එහෙත් නීති පොත් වලින් බාහිරවූ, සමාජ විද්‍යාත්මක, මනෝ විද්‍යාත්මක ශාක්‍ෂි අනුව, 1954 දී සුප්‍රිම් උසාවියේ නඩුකාරවරුන් 9 දෙනා ඒකමතිකව තීරණය කලේ, සමාන පහසුකම් තිබුණා හෝ නොතිබුණා හෝ, කළු හා සුදු වශයෙන් වෙන වෙනම පාසැල් තිබීම නෛසර්‌ගිකවම අසමාන ක්‍රමවේදයක් වන බවය (ඉන්හෙරන්ට්ලි අන්‌ඊක්වල්).

අධර්මිෂ්ට සමාජය හා උසාවිය

යහපාලනයට සම්බන්‌ධ පෙත්සම් කරුවන් උසාවියට ආවේ පාර්ලිමේන්තු දෙවඟන රැක ගන්නට නොවේ. ඔවුන්ගේ අරමුණ පක්‍ෂ දේශපාලනයය. හෝටලය අරවා ගෙන දෙකට කැඩුණු රනිල්-සජිත් පිල් සමඟිවී යලි නාම යෝජනා දිය හැකි උපක්‍රමයක් සළසා ගැනීමය.
විරුද්‌ධ පක්‍ෂයක්, ඕනෑම කොන්දේසියක් උඩ ආණ්ඩුවට සහයෝගය දෙන්නම්, නැවත පාර්ලිමේන්තුව (දියවන්නා හෝටලය) ඇර දෙන්න කියා හිඟාකනවා නම් එතන තිබෙන්නේ මොන පාර්ලිමේන්තු ප්‍රජාතන්ත්‍රවාදයද? එවැනි තැනක් සුමන්තිරන් කියන අන්දමේ තුන් වැනි කකුලක්ද නැත්නම් බොරු කකුලක්ද? ජනාධිපතිට දැනට තිබෙන නීති රාමුව තුල කොරෝනාව කළමනාකරණය කල හැකි නම් මේ යහපාලනකාරයින් කඩිමුඩියේ පණවා ගන්නට සිතන නීති මොනවාද? නිතී හැදීමේලා මොවුන්ගේ වාර්‌තාව රටටත්, උසාවියටත් අමතකද?

මෙහිදී උසාවිය විසින් කල යුතු ජනාධිපතිට ලැබුණු ජනවරම කුරෝළු වන ආකාරයේ තීරණයක්දී රට අවුල් ජාලයකට දැමීම නොව, 2000 වර්‍ෂයේ බුෂ් එදිරිව ගෝර් නඩුවේදී ඇමෙරිකන් සුප්‍රිම් උසාවිය කලා මෙන් රට ගැන සිතා හැකි ඉක්මණින් චන්දය පැවැත්‌වීමට මැතිවරණ කොමිෂමට උපදෙස් ලබා දීමය. ඒ සඳහා උසාවිය 1954 ඇමෙරිකන් නඩුවේදී මෙන් නීති පොත් වලින් බාහිර (එක්ස්ට්‍රා ජුඩිෂියල්) කරුණු සළකා බැලීමේ <විප්ලවයක්> ආරම්භ කල යුතුය. කොසොල් රජතුමා දුටු සීන දාසැයට දුන් විග්‍රහය, කොරෝනාව විසින් සනාථ කර ඇති බවත්, අවුරුදු 72 කට පසු ඊට නොබියව මුහුණ දීමට රටවැසියා විසින් විශේෂ පුද්ගලයෙකුට බලය ලබා දුන් බවත්, එය බකල් කිරීමේ දුෂ්ට උත්සාහයට උසාවිය ඈඳාගැනීමට ඉඩ නොදිය යුතු බවත් එවැනි බාහිර සාධකය.

I. de Silva Canada

The Editor
Diplomat Matazine
Ottawa, Ontario

Dear Ms. Campbell:

                                   Re: Post War Sri Lanka: Fractured and Unjust For Tamils by Visvajit Sriramrajan

I am writing to correct the many falsehoods in this article. The first sentence indicates clear bias and false information that continues throughout the article. To support this statement I am providing you with examples of falsehoods in the article. 

The opening statement states ” This month marks 11 years since the Mullivaikkal massacre which shook the Northern Province of Sri Lanka back in 2009 with the brutal killing of nearly 50,000 Tamils over just a few days”. There was no massacre.  Even the Tamil terrorists overseas propaganda machine called Tamilnet,  clearly acknowledged that in the last stages of the war the number of dead was 7398.   Since then, this number has been increased to 40,000, 50,000, and even 100,000 by the LTTE propaganda overseas.  However, nowhere in the Northern Province has there been evidence of mass graves. Nowhere has there been any evidence of indiscriminate killing by the Sri Lankan forces. The fact remains that it was 7398, acknowledged in 2009 by the Tamil terrorist supporters overseas and confirmed by the U.N. representative in Sri Lanka.  How can it be called Tamil genocide when it was the Tamil terrorists who terrorized, murdered, and massacred Sri Lankans of every ethnicity? The terrorists were the Tamils known as the Liberation Tamils of Tamil Eelam (LTTE).  In May 2009, the Sri Lankan security forces finally destroyed the leadership of the Tamil Terrorists  (LTTE) who had terrorised Sri Lanka for nearly 30 years. The LTTE cadres who surrendered to the government forces were rehabilitated and released. Over 300,000 civilians who had been held by the Tamil terrorists as a human shield were looked after in camps set up for them by the Government of Sri Lanka and released into civilian life.

Mr. Gotabaya Rajapaksa was the Defence Secretary in the Government of Sri Lanka in 2009 and is acknowledged as the leader who finally defeated the Tamil terrorists in Sri Lanka to the consternation of the western countries who throughout the war maintained that the Tamil terrorists could not be defeated militarily and therefore the Sri Lankan Government should give in to their demands to divide the country. The Tamil terrorists were funded by their Tamil supporters overseas and western political leaders who did so just to get Tamil votes in their respective countries. They had no concern for the plight of Sri Lankans who were being terrorised. There was no “Tamil Genocide”, only the defeat of the leadership of the Tamil terrorists. To state that “Rajapakse orchestrated the Tamil genocide” is a blatant lie and merely indicates the bias and support that the writer has for his Tamil terrorists. The fact that Mr. Gotabaya Rajapakse was elected in 2019 with a commanding majority clearly indicates that Sri Lankans acknowledge and commend him for the great service he provided to all Sri Lankans who can now live without fear of being terrorised by the Tamil terrorist LTTE.

Mr. Rajapakse is what the citizens of Sri Lanka wanted and voted for as their President. They voted for his agenda. That it does not suit non-Sri Lankans such as the writer is of no consequence to Sri Lankans.

Yours truly,

I. de Silva

Canada

Dr sarath obeysekera 

During this difficult period, we keep watching how vegetables were wasted and rotten fish getting disposed

Fruits rotting away due to difficulties in transportation 

We should now think carefully about preserving food for a rainy day 

In Russia, people keep preserving cabbage cucumber, carrot  and beetroot, etc and bottle them for consumption during winter

In Scandinavia, they  smoke fish and use it in wintertime 

We should do the same 

We should bottle excess cucumber and vegetables 

We should smoke fish and chicken and preserve 

We should crush fruits and preserve the creamy paste

Novel thinking is needed for our future 

Dr Sarath Obeysekera
CEO Walkers Colombo Shipyard
Colombo
Sri Lanka

Courtesy Adaderana

Avant-Garde Chairman Nissanka Senadhipati has revealed that former Director General of the Bribery Commission had offered to release him from all legal proceedings if he implicates Former Defence Secretary and current President Gotabaya Rajapaksa in the case.

He stated this appearing before the Presidential Commission of Inquiry probing incidents of political victimisation during the period of 08 January 2015 to 16 November 2019, on Tuesday (26) to provide evidence pertaining to a written complaint he had lodged before.

He told the panel that revenue of over Rs. 500 Mn was brought to the country via his business and it had provided employment to over 4,500 people.

Senadhipathi went on to say that following the government of Good Governance coming to power, the harbour police station of Galle had inspected the floating armoury ‘M V Mahanuwana’ owned by Avant-Garde, on 18 January 2015, adding that the police had reported information to the Galle Magistrate’s Court on operating an illegal armoury.

Meanwhile, a legal counsel representing Senadhipathi told the Commission, not a single suspect was named, even by the time when 5 years had passed since Galle Police filed the first B-report with regard to inspecting the Avant-Garde vessel, to Galle Magistrate’s Court.

He added that then-DIG in charge of Galle had filed a B-report, saying the vessel was an unidentified one, after he obtained instructions from then-Minister Rajitha Senaratne in person.

Senadhipathi meanwhile told the Commission that he was politically victimized in an attempt to imprison former Defence Secretary and current President Gotabaya Rajapaksa, pertaining to a legal case.

He went on to say the former Director General of the Bribery Commission Dilrukshi Dias had told him that she will release him from all legal proceedings if he signs an affidavit saying money was given to former Defence Secretary Gotabaya Rajapaksa pertaining to the Avant Garde case.

Senadhipathi added that Dilrukshi Dias has later apologized over her actions and confessed she filed cases against him and Gotabaya Rajapaksa over political pressure.

Dr. sarath obeysekera  

We have had Easter attack last year and now the Corona pandemic which has caused a heavy burden ion people But most   of the professionals in technical, financial and management fields are sitting at home and spend quite a life without infusing revolutionary ideas which are practical and workable to overcome the problems 

We have been watching TV and reading social media publications and news on the web 

What we see are all about the precarious situation our country is in with no hopes 

Project Task Forces have been meeting regularly and thE public is not aware of what plans  they have other than corona  control related activities 

While admitting that it is the most important part to handle at this hour, new ideas should be put into practice to overcome the enormous  problems we are going to face ahead 

We cannot see any progress in agricultural development We cannot see any plans to deploy  abundant  resource to invent new production methods 

We cannot see any plans to deploy somewhat inactive human resources  to manufacture items  at home

We cannot see and fishery development taking place 

Media should stop publishing antisocial news and start brainwashing the people that situation we will be  facing In time to come will be full of hardships and also  disastrous

People who have stashed an enormous amount  of money should be voluntarily used to feed hungry people and bring the moral up

We need revolutionary thinking today 

Dr. Sarath Obeysekera
CEO Walkers Colombo Shipyard
Colombo
Sri Lanka

සමස්ත ලංකා වරාය පොදුසේවක සමිතිය.

සභාපති,
ශ‍්‍රී ලංකා වරාය අධිකාරිය,
කොළඹ.

සභාපතිතුමනි,

#කොවිඩ්- 19 #Covid- 19 හේතුවෙන් ආයතනය හා සේවකයින් මුහුණ පා ඇති ගැටලූ සඳහා විසඳුම් සෙවීමට පොදු යාන්තණ‍්‍රයක් සකස් කිරීම.

#කොවිඩ්- 19 #Covid- 19 වසංගතය හේතුවෙන් වරාය හමුවේ ඇති අභියෝග ජය ගැනීමටත් ඉන් පැනනගින සේවක ගැටලූවලට හා සේවාලාභීන්ගේ ගැටලූවලට සාර්ථකව මුහුණ දීම සඳහා පොදු යාන්ත‍්‍රණයක් සකස්කරන ලෙස ආරම්භයේදීම අප ඔබතුමන්ගෙන් ඉල්ලා සිටිමුත් මේ දක්වා එවැනි යාන්ත‍්‍රණයක් වරාය තුල සැකසී නැත.

කරුණු එසේ තිබියදී පාලනාධිකාරීය විසින් විටින්විට ගනුලබන එකිනෙකට පරස්පර තීරණ හේතුවෙන් විශේෂයෙන් වරාය සේවකයා දැඩි දුෂ්කරතාවයට පත්ව ඇත.

එහි ආසන්නතම ගැටලූව 2020/05/18 දින වඅධි/ප‍්‍ර01/විවිධ/2020 යටතේ කළමණාකාර අධ්‍යක්‍ෂකතුමා විසින් නිකුත් කරන ලද චක‍්‍රලේඛය පෙන්වා දිය හැක.  
එමගින් 2020/05/18 දින සිට වරාය සේවා කටයුතු හා සේවයට පැමිණීම සාමාන්‍ය තත්වයට පත්කර ඇත.

එම චක‍්‍රලේඛයයේ පවතින අඩුපාඩු දක්වා අප විසන් 2020/05/22 දිනැතිව යොමු කරන ලද ලිපියට ප‍්‍රතිචාර ලෙස එදිනම උප සභාපතිතුමා විසින් එම චක‍්‍රලේඛයට වැඩිමනත් ලෙස දන්වමින් 2020/05/22 දින වඅධි/ප‍්‍ර01/ විවිධ /2020 යටතේ නව චක‍්‍රලේඛයක් නිකුත් කර ඇත.

එමගින් සේවාමුර සඳහා නොපැමිණෙන සේවකයින් තම පුද්ගලික නිවාඩු දැමිය යුතු බව දන්වා ඇත. එම චක‍්‍රලේඛය ප‍්‍රකාරව අංශ ප‍්‍රධානීන් විසන් 2020. 05. 18 සිට සේවයට වාර්තා කර නැති සේවකයින්ට පුද්ගලික නිවාඩු වාර්තා කරන ලෙස දන්වා ඇත.  

ජීවත අවධානම නොතකමින් පොදු ප‍්‍රවාහන සේවාවන් ක‍්‍රියාත්මක නොවන වටපිටාවක වරාය සේවකයින් සැලකිය යුතු පිරිසක් ආයතනයේ අභිවෘද්ධිය වෙනුවෙන් මේ දක්වා තම සේවය ලබා දෙමින් ඇත.

කොළඹ හා ගම්පහ දිස්ත‍්‍රික්කවල ඇඳිරි නීතිය ක‍්‍රියාත්මකව පවතින තත්වයන් තුල පුද්ගලික වාහන යොදා ගනිමින් සේවයට පැමිණ කැපවීමෙන් යුතුව සේවකයින් මෙතෙක් කරන ලද සේවාව නොසලකා සේවා මුරයට නොපැමිණෙන සේවකයින්ගේ පුද්ගලික නිවාඩු අඩුකිරීමට පාලනාධිකාරිය ගෙන ඇති තීරණය හේතුවෙන් සේවකයින් දැඩි කණස්සල්ලට පත්ව ඇත.

එසේම එම චක‍්‍රලේඛය මගින් මේ දක්වා සේවයට වාර්තා කර නොමැති සේ්වකයින් සම්බන්ධයෙන් කිසිවක් සඳහන්කර නැත.  

කරුණු එසේ හෙයින් ඇඳිරි නීති තත්වය ඉවත්කර පොදු ප‍්‍රවාහන පහසුකම් නිසිපරිදි ක‍්‍රියාත්මක වන තෙක් වරාය සේවකයින්ගේ සේවයට පැමිණීම රජයේ නවාඩු දින සේ සලකා කටයුතු කර 2020/05/22 දිනැතිව වඅධි/ප‍්‍ර01/විවිධ/2020 චක‍්‍රලේඛය අහෝසිකරන ලෙස ඔබතුමාගෙන් ඉල්ලා සිටිමි.  

තවද අප විසින් පූර්වයෙන් ඉල්ලා සිටි හා නැවත මෙම ලිපිය මගින් දන්වා ඇති පොදු යාන්ත‍්‍රණයක් සකස් කර අපද එහි කොටස්කරුවන් කර ගන්නා ලෙස ඉල්ලා සිටිමි.  

ස්තූතියි.  

මෙයට විධායක සභාව වෙනුවෙන්

චනද්‍ර්සිරි මහගමගේ
ප‍්‍රධාන ලේකම්

Sepal Amarasinghe

Buddika Kumari Amarasinghe1 day ago (edited)ඉරාජ් වීරරත්න ට , අමිත් වීරසිංහ ට ජාතිවාදී කියන අය මේවා දකිද්දී හරි නිහඩයි. ඉරාජ් , අමිත් “Block” කරන්ට දගලන සිංහල අයත් ඉස්ලාම් උනා නම් ඊට වඩා හොදයි. මොකද එහෙම අය මෙහෙම මේවාට කට අරින්නෙ නෑ ජාතිවාදය ඇවිස්සෙයි කියලා 😂 තිස්ස ජනනායක ගුරුතුමා කීවා වගේ ලැජ්ජායි සිංහල බෞද්ධ කියන්ට . ඒත් මිනීමරු සහරාන්ලා අහිංසක දරුවෝ කියන්නේ ආඩම්බරෙන් . අමිත් ,ඉරාජ් වගේ අය නැත්නම් මඩකලපුව , කූරගල අහිංසක මිනිසුන් මේ ත්‍රස්තවාදීන් ගෙ ගොදුරු වෙලා . කිසිදු ත්‍රස්ත ක්‍රියාවක් නොකළ, මුස්ලිම් අන්තවාදය ට විරුද්ධව කතා කල අමිත් වීරසිංහ ට නඩු රාශියක් . ගෙදරින් එලියට යන්ට බෑ . Facebook එකේ ඔහුගේ පින්තූරය ක් දාන්ට වත් බෑ .ඔහු කල වරද සහරාන් වගේ මිනීමරුවන් ගැන කලින්ම කියපු එක. සෝම හාමුදුරුවෝත් මරලා දැම්මා . මෝඩ සිංහල යෝ රන්ඩු කරනකොට තමන්ගේ ම මිනිසුන් විනාශ වෙනවා . මේ පාර මහනුවරින් අමිත් වීරසිංහ පාර්ලිමේන්තුවට ගියොත් මේ අපරාධයට යම් විසදුමක් තියෙයි. රට ජාතිය ආගමට ආදරය කරන මහනුවර අය හොද තීරණයක් ගන්ට 🙏

The Pathfinder National Security Strategy was developed in 2018 for the previous government. Then came Presidential elections in November 2019. This meant it was not a document incorporating the vision or mission of the new President though it was handed to the new President immediately after Presidential victory.  Given that Pathfinder Foundation operates and is linked to various think-tanks and entities in India, China and US what is its position vis a vis this trajectory and how does PF wish to position Sri Lanka with its proposal?

The Pathfinder founder Milinda Moragoda’s National Security Strategy for Sri Lanka is based on a ‘code of conduct for the Indian Ocean’ and raises the question – code & conduct for whom! Obviously this is linked to Pathfinder’s programs titled Trincomalee Consultations-2018’ to promote Trincomalee port. What are the littoral countries in the Bay of Bengal that Pathfinder wishes to promote?

How did emerging security dynamics in the Indian Ocean Region in early 2019 become part of Pathfinders mandate? In April 2019 on Easter Sunday, Sri Lanka witnessed mass murder but the US envoy to Sri Lanka claimed the US had no intelligence on it despite India giving 97 intel warnings!

PF claims Sri Lanka needs a coherent national security strategy with a clear national security policy. Do we not have such?

PF claims its policy framework views national security from the perspective of the State & its citizens, taking to account traditional national security threats and new actors of international terrorism.

The most interesting aspect of this report is the statement given by the Pathfinder Chairman who says PF DOES NOT CONSIDER national security policies covering SURVIVAL OF HUMANITY and HUMAN SECURITY (food security, environment security) 

In the context of covid-19 and the fact that Sri Lanka may have to re-draw all of its policies within this new health dynamic, completely negates Pathfinder’s policy strategy. 

PF national security strategy is non-committed and excludes national security aspects that cover citizens and security of citizens vis a vis food and environment security. If so, on what basis can PF say that its national security strategy is from the perspective of the citizen if the citizen’s human survival, food and environment is not part of PF strategy?

How can safety of citizens” exclude the all important aspect of human survival?

This conflicts with their later statement how to balance between ‘military and defense based physical security of state and its citizens (Hard Security)and guaranteeing more general form of security that includes physical security of people and their safety and wellbeing, even at the expense of threats to state security and sovereignty (soft security)”.

Is Pathfinder laying blame for Sri Lanka’s economy on the high & increasing level of dependency among elderly population of Sri Lanka (are they not among this category themselves) More than 50% of covid-19 casualties in Europe are from nursing homes where elderly lived raising concerns of foul play. We cannot accept any proposition to raise the economy by eliminating the elderly!  We cannot forget – they too contributed to the country in their youth!

It is also regrettable that the local team has also described 1983 as ‘ethnic riots’ when it was a government organized attack and Sinhalese were protecting and keeping their Tamil friends and neighbors in their homes. The wrongful labelling of Sri Lanka’s conflict as ‘ethnic’ or ‘civil’ has no justifiable basis. Sri Lanka’s conflict was terrorist. LTTE terrorists killed even Tamils. Sri Lanka’s Armed Forces were fighting Terrorists and Separatists not Tamils. If Sri Lanka’s conflict was ethnic or civil why would over 5000 armed forces personnel lay down their lives to save 300,000 Tamils kept by LTTE as human shields and hostages?

Is the Pathfinder assuming that Sri Lanka’s past conflicts took place because it had not national security strategy? Based on this same logic and given that other countries like US, EU, UK have sound national security strategy, how can Pathfinder explain the numerous acts of terror happening inside their countries with some local acts far more gruesome than foreign terror attacks? (church shootings, mall shootings, school shootings etc are regular features) How have their national security apparatus handled ‘threats from within’.

Pathfinder explains that traditional national security was a nation state defending itself & the citizens through military means.

Pathfinder says that ‘soft security’ requires inclusion of a wider set of agencies and experts from political, economic, diplomatic. Is this another name or explanation for demilitarization and to hand over task of national security to others away from the military apparatus? Is this why Pathfinder is laying emphasis on the increasing role of NGOs which should really be named foreign government funded organizations and they are doing their utmost to erode nation-state sovereignty.

Can Pathfinder explain what it means by ‘blurring the very important distinction between national security and human security’?When a nation is given life by the existence of the People and the People’s security is founded in the nation – how can the two be considered separate?

Pathfinder says Sri Lanka faces 3 types of National Security Threats

1. Geopolitical related external threats
2. Internally generated threats rooted in socio-political & ethno-religious environment
3. Threats related to globalization

In describing the 1^stit is interesting that Pathfinder says ‘Sri Lanka is likely to be pressurized to conclude agreements with foreign countries to serve THEIR NATIONAL INTERESTS”.

Ironically, Pathfinders Economic Proposal to the GoSL in its Proposal 5 – recommends GoSL sign and implement the MCC (Millennium Challenge Corporation compact agreement)

This completely nullifies the present document as an impartial proposal.

Having recommended Sri Lanka sign the MCC, the Pathfinder in its National Security Strategy says Sri Lanka should consider developing a multi-directional foreign policyas has been practiced by Vietnam relying on ‘three no’s policy i.e., ‘no participation in military alliances, no foreign military bases on Vietnamese territory, and no reliance on one country to fight against another’.

Is this the reason for the trend to insert Sri Lanka would be ‘NEUTRAL”?

Switzerland is the country often mentioned for its position of ‘NEUTRALITY’ but Switzerland joins EU in voting against Sri Lanka at UNHRC and has shown no reason for anyone to consider Switzerland anything but neutral in its diplomatic affairs.

To be Neutral” is like watching a woman being raped and refusing to assist or save her simply because one’s policy says I will not take anyone’s side”. 

A country in a position of power can make very condescending statements of being ‘Neutral’ (but actually be not) but can a developing country, up to its neck in debt do so, when it is our improved relations and mutual exchanges of good will diplomacy that promotes countries to assist us?

No one can deny that it is after signing the non-aligned charter and becoming a member, that Sri Lanka was able to make a mark internationally.To this day, it is that non-aligned seal of relations that continue to sustain relations with other nations of the world gaining respect as a non-aligned nation. Sri Lanka as a nation that wears the cap of ‘NEUTRALITY’ is self-isolating itself from the rest of the world and the non-aligned nations that historically Sri Lanka has long relations with. 

Is the actual game-plan to make Sri Lanka self-isolate itself and in so doing lose the traditional friends it had?

Isn’t this part of military strategy where the enemy is isolated from all defenses making the attack all the greater and gruesome with no help from anyone.

Sri Lanka’s leaders must not fall for this trap of neutrality– Sri Lanka must remain non-aligned by word and continue its relations with the bloc of non-aligned nation.

Pathfinder national security strategy should have provided solutions to the illegal fishing by India on Sri Lanka’s territorial waters instead of simply saying ‘both countries should address this long-standing issue’. The document is mostly of what everyone already knows and has nothing innovative for Sri Lanka to follow.

Pathfinder mentions that the separatist conflict in north and east as well as the 2 youth rebellions in the South and the Easter Sunday threatened the economy and security of citizens and that the separatist conflict and the Easter Sunday attacks is linked to transnational threats to Sri Lanka’s security. Yes, but it is only diplomatically and via government that Sri Lanka can deal with countries that continue to harbor LTTE diaspora inspite of their countries banning them.

The country was caught unprepared not for any reason but for inefficiency, incompetency of the people wrongly appointed for these roles and blame lies nowhere else but in the leadership of the past government.There was enough intel within the country and there was more than enough intel from foreign sources to have prevented the attack. To ensure future crisis does not arise means to ensure the most suitable persons are given the roles.

Sovereign states cannot unilaterally solve problems, that is why Sri Lanka needs to continue to maintain good diplomatic relations. Claiming to be neutral is not going to land Sri Lanka with any help from anyone or any country when in need!

In the event of trade sanctions or even a natural disaster/calamity etc if Sri Lanka continues with its ‘NEUTRAL’ song would any friendly country even come to our assistance? 

We do not need to tell Pathfinder who are the main source of illegal international drug trafficking and how they operate and why the world will never see an end to international narcotics trade or smuggling except for countries to secure their borders. Again with human smuggling too, countries that claim to champion it have allowed Sri Lanka’s terrorists to flee and operate from their land. When such duplicities and hypocrisies prevail what can a country do but to adjust and find ways to mitigate the situation!

A well-coordinated intelligence apparatus can quickly ascertain where trouble-makers are looming and nip the situation in the bud before it spreads like a cancer, is the lesson Sri Lanka has to take from all of its past conflicts. Not taking action when Sri Lanka should have, is the mistake Sri Lanka made and as a result, suffered consequences.

That Sri Lanka was stopped from taking action must also be mentioned via bogus ceasefire agreements (to which the Foundations’ founder was also party) was only meant to provide the enemy time to regroup and return with venom.

Sri Lanka’s national strategy following the path of curbing terror and trouble-makers while another country’s national strategy of encouraging or using terror and funding trouble-makers is the situation all countries facing conflicts suffer from. No strategy can solve this in a piece of paper or a proposal.

Let it not be forgotten, that presumably without a ‘national security strategy’ Sri Lanka defeated the most ruthless terrorist organization linked to foreign countries and indigenously carried out a rehabilitation, resettlement and reintegration program to success. Countries with near-perfect national security strategies are continuing to fight terror with no success in sight.

With Pathfinders emphasis on formulation of ‘Expert Committees’ within the National Security Secretariat, is Pathfinder attempting to secure a place within this apparatus?

Pathfinder makes reference to the 3 main players in Asia. The three may regard each other as a risk to themselves but that does not necessarily mirror Sri Lanka’s opinion. Just because India or US regard China as a threat or China regards India & US as a threat – Sri Lanka does not need to take the same position as either bloc. Sri Lanka has relations with the 3 for Sri Lanka’s own interests and they have relations with Sri Lanka for their own interests.If there is rivalry between China-US-India it is between them and Sri Lanka should not get involved but have relations with each based on Sri Lanka’s interests only.

During Indo-Pak war and Pakistan requested to refuel in Sri Lanka, India objected but Mrs. Bandaranaike firmly stated her stand and to this day both countries respect her for her stand. This was diplomacy at its best. 

Pathfinder recommends Sri Lanka follow Vietnam’s 3 no policies – no participation in military alliances, no foreign military bases on Vietnamese territory and no reliance on one country to fight against another’. But the loophole is that the ‘No’ allows defense cooperation – so what’s the big deal in the ‘No’s’.

RAND Cooperation says as long as characterizations of military exchanges remain vaguer, Vietnam is likely to be willing to engage more extensively’.

So what does Pathfinder recommend that Sri Lanka keep its terms vague with room to do exactly what Sri Lanka claims it will not?

Let us note that Vietnam has given China ‘comprehensive strategic cooperative’ status,

Japan is Vietnam’s ‘extensive strategic partner’ 2014 (more than strategic but not yet comprehensive)

Australia was Vietnam’s ‘higher defense level strategic partner’ (2013)

US is Vietnam’s ‘strategic partner’.

All these partnerships remain, though Vietnam says ‘no military alliances’.

So who are we fooling with the thesaurus.

Vietnam’s liberalizations (advantageous to transnational corporates) are drummed by Western entities as a success story to its development which hides the impacts to the Vietnamese whose status of life hasn’t improved though country statistics has!

The Pathfinder National Security Strategy team comprises Chairman Bernard Goonetilleke, Lalith Weeratunga (former Secretary to the President), H M G S Palihakkara (Former Foreign Secretary), Roshan Goonetilleka (Former Air Force Commander & present Governor Western Province), former Commander of Sri Lanka Navy & Director of Pathfinder Foundation Admiral Jayanath Colombage, Former Commander of Army General Daya Ratnayake, Executive Director of Pathfinder Foundation Luxman Siriwardena. Dr Sisira Pinnawala who developed the theoretical framework. http://www.pathfinderfoundation.org/index.php?start=3

Pathfinder recommends Sri Lanka does not say what Sri Lanka will do and keep terms vague.

The most shocking aspect of Pathfinders proposed national security strategy is its omission of the survival of humanity and human security concerns (food security, environment security etc)

Shenali D Waduge

Sri Lanka has marked its 10^thCOVID-19 death with the news of a Kuwaiti-returnee passing away at a quarantine centre in Trincomalee on 25 May 2020. She was 51 years and had returned to Sri Lanka on one of the 2 flights which carried some 437 Sri Lankans by Kuwait Airlines on 19^thand 20^thMay. The 437 Sri Lankans had apparently been put up in 3 quarantine centres. Of the 120 so far tested unfortunately 91% have tested positive. It is unfortunate that Kuwait has repatriated these Sri Lankans from Kuwait without testing a single before boarding them on their plane to Sri Lanka.For a country reliant on foreign workers, a basic human gesture by Kuwait before sending back people who had worked for them, should have been to at least, test them and treat them. Kuwait boasts to be the fourth richest country in the world per capita, but when 70% of its 4.2million population are foreigners, the world would have expected Kuwait to treat migrant workers more humanely. 

Kuwait has recorded 165 deathswith its first death recorded on 12 April 2020 and some 21,967 confirmed cases. Kuwait is undergoing complete lockdown from 10^thMay 2020 till 30 May.  

Thomas Reuters Foundation News of 21 May 2020 reported that South Asian Governments were rushing to repatriate some 40million migrants stranded mostly in Gulf nations without work and money. Sri Lanka was also mentioned alongside India, Bangladesh, Nepal, Pakistan & Afghanistan already overwhelmed at home mitigating the covid pandemic. 

While these migrant workers find themselves jobless, without money, some without even a place to live – their home nations are equally worried on how to accommodate them back home in the quarantine centres and how best to absorb them into an already faltered economic system. In Sri Lanka’s case some 10,000 may need to be absorbed into work at home.

The article highlighted the concerns of increase in coronavirus infections as a result of mass movements of people which as per John Hopkins University is about 179,000 confirmed cases.

As the article highlighted the concern for all countries repatriating their people is to ensure prevention of community transmission. 

Only Indians showing no signs of illness were allowed to board flight back home. However, in the case of Sri Lankans in Kuwait, the Kuwait Airlines had put Sri Lankans without any testing and brought them to Sri Lanka where they had been put into 3 quarantine centres and of the 120 tested 91% have tested positive. 

https://news.trust.org/item/20200519093700-jyf6o

COVID-19 has certainly left countries like Sri Lanka in a serious predicament. With those employed overseas finding they don’t have jobs, with many not having medical insurance to seek health care overseas, their options have been to request return to their native land. Back home in Sri Lanka, the government, health officials and armed forces are themselves grappling to not only treat the confirmed cases but ensure community transmission is prevented. But with the rising numbers of foreign workers most of whom are labour/domestic worker category, the country is now faced with how to absorb these into a work environment within Sri Lanka to be able to earn to feed their families. The situation is certainly a challenging one for Sri Lanka on account of revenue generation coming to a halt as a result of COVID-19 and precautionary lockdowns and curfew imposed to successfully handle the situation. 

While Sri Lanka steered by its President, intelligence services, health sector, armed forces and police has done an enviable task in handling the COVID-virus crisis internally, the other larger issues related to economic and employment will pose the newer hurdles to overcome. 

However, it is unfortunate that rich countries like Kuwait prefer to simply discard their foreign workers, pack them off to their home countries without even testing them before boarding them on the flight.

It is suggested that the diplomatic channels and the GoSL request these basic human rights requirements be included as mandatory by WHO guidelines when repatriating foreign employees in future. 

Shenali D Waduge

BY EDWARD THEOPHILUS

Historical evidence of Sri Lanka unambiguously indicates that she had been used monetary units in assorted names in the past before the current monetary unit, Rupee introduced into the country.  The fascinating coins triumphal arch installed in Bank of Ceylon Head Quarters in Colombo displays the models of different monetary units had been administered in Sri Lanka in history.  A controversial view on currency printing in Sri Lanka has already expressed by a Sri Lankan academic that counterfeit coins of foreign currencies were printed in Sri Lanka before 2000 years ago and many so-called archaeologists have not expressed an opinion on this matter. 

Before the rupee has introduced to Sri Lanka as the legally valid monetary unit for exchange purposes in 1872, several monetary units were used during the European rules, and Protégées used their currency unit, and Dutch administration used monetary units imported to Sri Lanka from Indonesia. Robert Knox, who was a moving prisoner in the country during the regime of King Senkadagala Rajasinghe had recorded that Portuguese and Dutch monetary units were used as valid exchange units in the Kandyan Kingdom too and King Rajasinghe also accepted such foreign monetary units as valid currencies for exchange purposes.

After taking over the power by British rulers, Sri Lanka was introduced British pound as the valid monetary unit and historical evidence denotes that first batch of treasury notes for exchanging purpose was issued in 1927 canceling the Rix Dollar unit, which had been widely using in Sri Lanka before the introduction of the British pound.  How Rix Dollar came to use in Sri Lanka is formidable to trace in history without clear evidence, but it can be assumed that from the later part of Dutch rule in Sri Lanka to 1827, this particular Rix dollar had been used in the country for exchange purposes. The writer of this article has never seen this currency note so it is difficult to explain the style of it.

The word RUPEE is assumed to be a term of Bhasha Indonesia (Originated from Sanscrit) and the Rupee or Rupiah monetary unit is being used as an exchange unit in Indonesia, Maldives Islands, Sri Lanka, and India.  The procedure adopted by British Rulers when they were canceling the Rix Dollar unit in the country was the parity of 10 Rix Dollars to a British pound.  When British rulers introduced Rupee into the exchange system of Sri Lanka, the exchange rate was one British pound equal to 10 Ceylon rupees.  That exchange rate was higher than the foreign value of current USD or AUD.  The most horrible story and the serious question of many Sri Lankans at present are why the foreign value of Sri Lanka rupee badly depreciated despite the abundant thrust of economic development and measures to maintain foreign exchange reserves. It is agreed with the economic theory that foreign value to currency would not automatically attract, but it should fulfill certain favorable economic conditions in the country to freely appreciate the foreign value of a currency unit. The conditions are vulnerable to sudden changes and past information might not relevant to the present or future.

After the introduction of Rupee into Sri Lanka’s economy, paper currency was issued by the Treasury but that authority was transferred to the Currency Board System, which established by  No 32 Currency Ordinance of 1884.  There is no argument that Currency Board System was an authority of a dependent economy, however, the system was able to maintain the stability of the external value of Sri Lanka rupee to a certain extent compared to the weak independent central banking, which is powerless when the foreign value of the currency is subject to a sharp decline in the open market. Although it is the prime objective of the monetary authority of the country as indicates in the original central bank act the central has failed to achieve the prime objective. 

Another weak central bank policy of Sri Lanka is it has no strict policy focus on short term market intervention to secure the value of the currency as it has a lower level of reserves to make quick buying and selling activities to adjust the rate and the International Monetary Fund may not agree with a short-term play to maintain the value of Sri Lanka’s rupee when there is a small quantum of foreign reserves.

It is also an issue that if the central bank goes such practice, can the economy respond to bank actions bearing losses or gains might be created.  The strategic plan to stabilize the foreign value of Ceylon rupee under the Currency Board System was the linking of Sri Lanka rupee operations with the British pound and the influence of a strong economy supported to stabilize exchange value at the money market.  The strong economic conditions not in one or two sectors but the favorable conditions in the entire economy are the secrets of strong currency value in any country. We can see that many problems in Sri Lanka’s economy despite the favorable reflections after 2010 especially to the government budget and the balance of payment.

Although certain socialist economists in Sri Lanka (Gunesekera, H.Ade S, From Dependent Currency to Central Banking in Sri Lanka) criticized the linking Sri Lanka rupee with the British pound under the Currency Board System pointing to certain fluctuations, which had been occurred in line with the British pound. It is proud to note that the exchange parity of Sri Lanka rupee with the British pound remained higher, when Sri Lanka gained political independence in 1948, one British pound was equal to 13 Sri Lanka rupees.  The history of European monetary units demonstrates that they were badly depreciated due to wartime economic depressions or recessions but they always recovered as soon as possible by the use of appropriate economic policy actions.  Therefore, the fluctuation of rupee value under the Currency Board System was not too bad to make extravagant criticism. 

After independence in 1948, Currency Board System in Sri Lanka was canceled in terms of the recommendation made by John Exter and established the Central Bank of Sri Lanka with several fundamental objectives about to foreign and domestic value of Sri Lanka rupee.  Although these authoritative changes have not been effective for radical changes in linkages of Sri Lanka rupee with British Sterling Pound as the major export companies of Sri Lanka were listed in London Stock Exchange and the price of export commodities was tagged in British pound.

When contemplating other countries where are used rupee as the monetary unit, Sri Lanka uses cents as a single subunit, and other countries use deviated named subunits. For example, India could be given.  We can imagine that the reason for a single named cents” for the subunit is that Sri Lanka had been used Rix Dollar and Cents before the introduction of rupee in 1872.  Therefore, the Rix Dollar name for the currency unit of Sri Lanka is unique and has a significant historical value and the country can rethink to replace the Rix dollar and cents under the current modernization process. After winning the terrorist war in 2010, Sri Lanka has become a new country with different attitudes and people of Sri Lanka committed to modernizations and the application of new technology and greater cooperation with other countries irrespective of the political ideologies.

While Sri Lanka rupee had been linked with the British pound sterling foreign value remained in a stable parity until the official depreciation of the British sterling pound in 1967. The devaluation of Sri Lanka’s currency was subject to over-value the Rupee at the foreign exchange market, and had potentials to disadvantages to the export economy.  The government of Mr. Dudley Senanayaka officially depreciated Sri Lanka rupee by 20%, which was advised by the International Monetary Fund despite criticism made by left political parties on the rising the cost of living and giving a fairly higher pay rise to Sri Lanka’s workforce.  Although left political parties promised to revalue Sri Lanka’s Rupee when they will come to power in 1970, the elected collision government did not revalue Sri Lanka rupee and the cry of left political parties on the revaluing of foreign-value of Sri Lanka’s rupee was rhetoric to attract political supports at the election rather than implementing policy actions.  The policy action to officially depreciate Sri Lanka rupee by 20% in 1967 was an accurate decision for securing the export market. 

In addition to official devaluation, Foreign Exchange Entitlement System which was an unofficial devaluation strategy introduced in 1968 had been subjected to devalue Sri Lanka rupee by 30%, and since then Sri Lanka rupee was gradually distancing from the British pound and aligned to USD.  However, unexpected market shocks in 1972 to USD, and gold parity, and Oil crisis in 1973 laid a foundation to further depreciate the foreign value of Sri Lanka rupee but adjustable peg system and manage currency policy of Central Bank were able to maintain artificial foreign value for Sri Lanka rupee despite international advice for depreciation or floating the currency.  In 1974 one USD was approximate with 6 Sri Lanka rupees, which was a favorable condition without sufficient foreign currency or gold reserves but invited tight exchange controls for international capital movements.

When Sri Lanka’s economy was opened to the world in 1978, Sri Lanka rupee hasn’t had economically strength environment for facing domestic and international economic trends, and the pressure mounted from the terrorist war situation since the early 1980s to 2010, the foreign value of Sri Lanka rupee dramatically eroded despite the positive objectives of the Central Bank to maintain the domestic and foreign value of Sri Lanka rupee, which currently values one USD equal to more than 180 rupees.  There is no doubt that the floating of rupee is appeared to be beyond reality. 

BY EDWARD THEOPHILUS

It is considered that the rapid decline of Sri Lanka rupee created a favorable environment for exporters and Sri Lankans who are in foreign employment, however, the reality is that a rapid decline of the rupee value has massively impacted on the increase in domestic inflation as well as the increase in the budget deficit which forces to borrow to cover the budget gap and increase taxes.  The current low foreign value of Sri Lanka rupee is a hindrance to maintain macroeconomic stability in the country achieving sustainable economic growth. 

After ending the war in 2010, there were many positive signals that the country should have moved upward trend and several sectors of the economy such as tourism, agriculture, and fisheries are embarking to high growth.  Sri Lanka is recognized as an emerging economy.  Although the size of the economy needs to be expanded to 10 times than current level, foreign assets and reserved should visibly be increased, economic policy actions have less focused on macroeconomic fundamentals, in the effort to gain international value to Sri Lanka, it is essential a strong currency unit for reflecting the international value of Sri Lanka’s assets.

What should do to give international value to Sri Lanka’s assets?  Sri Lanka does not want an over value currency unit, which erodes international competitiveness.  Sri Lanka needs to work as a strong merchandise and service export base in Asia.  However, the rupee will not support to fulfill the expectations of the nation and this writer considers that changing the monetary unit rupee replacing the RIX DOLLAR would support to maintain internationally better valued currency unit in the country, which represents a reasonable international value of Sri Lanka’s assets.  The current 100 rupees could be set to one Rix dollar, in which a USD will be equivalent to Rix $ 1.20 and all currency and rupee assets could transfer to Rix dollar bases according to and this would not be a complex process.  Sri Lanka has good experience in demonetarizing policy by the cancellation of Rs 100 and 50 notes in 1970 and people can be adapted into new currency without any difficulties.

Many countries in the world have changed their currency units and many countries will be changed their currency units in the future and this will not be the end of the world.  The change of Sri Lanka rupee to Rix dollars with a new parity will reduce current administration cost for maintaining a massive volume of notes and new dollar notes could be issued with a yellow back with a picture of a branch of Jayasri Mahabodhi in similar denominations for 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200 and 500 denominations.  When people are telling greenback to USD, they will tell yellow back to Sri Lanka’s currency. 

In the year 2000, all European countries change their exchange unit to Euro, it was a peaceful transformation and at the beginning, Euro had a declining trend but later it came up as a strong currency unit despite some problems in certain European countries such as Greece, Spain, Portugal, and Italy.  Under the market economic policies that widely initiated after the cold war, many countries allowed to float domestic currency units but primary commodity-exporting countries’ currency units badly declined despite a strong recovery of the economy in the mid of 1990.  Metal and oil prices were double during the past two decades despite a favorable increase in prices and improvement of domestic economic conditions, currency units are subject to decline, which creates many problems for these primary commodity-producing countries. Commodity prices have changed during the past decade and the COVID 19 further declined the prices.  Many countries talk going back to production bases and changing the economies.  The IMF has concerned about the declining trend of hard currencies but reluctant to talk about the declining trend of emerging nations.

Sri Lanka’s economic renaissance after ending the terrorist war in 2010 invites radical changes in many areas and changing the monetary unit is an essential change that should have effected from 2015 to boost the economy as well as to give due international recognition to Sri Lanka.  The yahapalana regime did not concern in these matters, they were hanging in unnecessary issues. 

Politically, Sri Lanka has a good environment to change the name of the official currency unit.  After becoming the president, Mr.Gotabaya Rajapaksa it seems that he has an intention to make a fresh start in all areas of the economy and change of the name of the monetary unit will be the beginning of a renaissance in all areas of the economic, political, social, ethnic and religious system. Mr.Gotabaya Rajapaksa can give excellent leadership.