KAMALIKA PIERIS
Analysts
observe that in addition to China, Sri Lanka
has close relation with Iran and Russia. Russia has always stood by Sri
Lanka, they said. Russia supported Sri Lanka at UNHRC in Geneva and gave military assistance during the war. Iran gave interest
free loans as well as military items. Iran also supplied us with our crude oil requirements.
After
a lapse of a few decades when it was battling with Glastnost, Russia is now
coming back onto the international scene. Russia now plans to become a world power. Russia
started by complaining, at the start of the 74th UN General Assembly
sessions in September 2019, that
Russia’s role in defeating Hitler is ignored in the west. The sole
credit for winning World War II was given to America and Britain, when in
reality, Britain and America moved in only after Russia had weakened Germany in
the east and the Russian army had arrived in Berlin.
Sergey Lavrov, Russia’s foreign minister, wrote, Expunging
from memory the Soviet Union’s role in the defeat of Nazism, belittling the
Soviet contribution to the victory, but also
retrospectively strip our country of its historic role as an architect
and guarantor of the post-war world order”. (‘Russia in Global Affairs’, 20 September 2019)
The Russian
Ambassador to Sri Lanka, Yury Materiy
said in Colombo, that detractors seek to diminish the role of the Soviet
Union, in World War II, and portray it as an aggressor along with Nazi Germany.
There is a pronounced anti-Russia motive. Young people are being told that the
main credit for winning WWII goes, not to the Soviet troops, but to the West,
due to the landing in Normandy. It was the Soviet Union that broke the backbone
of the Third Reich”.
Russia has now established significant
links with other countries. Putin was shown standing next to President Ji at
China’s 70th anniversary celebrations in Beijing. Russia sent a
contingent for the army parade. In the float parade, the second Chinese float
silently recognized the Russian Revolution.
Putin
and North Korea’s Kim met for their first-ever summit in April 2019. Putin,
known for delaying meetings with international guests, was waiting for Kim when
he emerged from his limousine. The two leaders greeted each other warmly,
shaking hands and smiling. The meeting lasted nearly five hours, reported the
media. Russia is also wooing the elites in Africa, said TIME.
Russia
is specifically targeting countries which have a toxic relationship with USA,
observed TIME. Russia is intervening wherever USA is active. Maduro in
Venezuela has survived USA sanctions thanks to Russian cash and political
cover. In Syria Russia rescued Bashar
Assad with a militia campaign that forced the US to abandon hopes of ousting him.
At
least 18 governments have signed military cooperation deals with Russia since 2015, said TIME. Two Russian
warships docked in the Philippines. Philippines is a US treaty ally.
In
2019 India signed a $3 billion deal to lease a third Russian nuclear-powered
submarine. Russia
remains a major supplier of arms to India, despite the fact that the United
States has imposed sanctions on nations buying military hardware from Moscow.
Russia has started
to publicly condemn US policy, specially its policy in the Indian Ocean. during the UN General assembly 74th
session in September 2019, Foreign Minister of Russia , Sergey Lavrov wrote a
piece to ‘Russia in Global Affairs’ magazine, (20 September 2019.) in that piece he said, the [US]
rhetoric on liberalism, democracy and human rights goes hand in hand with policies of inequality, injustice,
selfishness and a belief in their own exceptionalism.‘
The West
focuses on individuals and their rights and freedoms, Lavrov continued. How
does this [fit in with] economic strangulation and overt military threats
against a number of independent countries such as Cuba, Iran, Venezuela, North
Korea or Syria. The reckless Arab Spring gamble destroyed the unique ethnic and
religious mosaic in the Middle East and North Africa. There is also Washington’s open refusal to
implement unanimous UN Security Council resolutions is the settlement of the
Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
Russia also
commented on R2P”. The interventionist ideology of ‘responsibility to
protect’, R2P, which justifies violent ‘humanitarian interventions’ without UN
Security Council approval under the pretext of an imminent threat to the safety
of civilians are part of the same US policy.
This R2P
concept provides for direct reach over the head of legitimate governments.
Obviously, the real purpose is to obtain a tool of interference in the internal
affairs of states bypassing the UN. The introduction of such new concepts is
dangerous. It rejects the principles of international law embodied in the UN
Charter.
Our American
colleagues are persistently trying to mobilize all of their foreign partners to
contain Russia and China. US must accept that the emergence of polycentric
world is irreversible, no matter how hard anyone tries to artificially hold it
back (let alone send it in reverse). Most countries don’t want to be held
hostage to someone else’s geopolitical calculations and are determined to
conduct nationally oriented domestic and foreign policies.
Lavrov went
to Delhi and launched a frontal assault
on US maneuvering in the Indian Ocean region, criticizing the US’s new concept
of ‘Free and Open Indo Pacific’ as one that is designed to contain China.
In Japan, Lavrov addressed a high-powered gathering
that included the Commander of the US-Indo Pacific Command and the Joint Chief
of Staff of the Japan Self-Defence Forces. “Why do you need to call
Asia-Pacific as Indo-Pacific, he asked. The answer is evident – to exclude
China.
The concept
of a “free and open Indo-Pacific region” promoted by the United States
has a destructive purpose. Its true objective is to divide the regional states
into “interest groups”. Terminology should be unifying, not divisive, said
Lavrov.
Lavrov also
commented on the US invention of a ‘rules-based liberal order’ in opposition to
an ‘authoritarian order.’ These ‘rules’ are being invented by the west and
introduced into everyday usage and is being actively implemented. This
‘rules-based order’ is intended to affect the powers of the UN Security
Council. Its purpose is to replace the universally agreed international legal
instruments and usurp the decision-making process.
Russia
has taken care to nurture its relationship with Sri Lanka. The Russian
Ambassador to Sri Lanka, Yury Materiy speaking at Russia Day, 2020 said that
Russia is not only a European but also an Asian country, due to its
geographical position, history, cultural and religious links with the East,
thus becoming a natural bridge between the East and the West. South Asia and
Asia-Pacific region remains one of the key priorities of our foreign policy, he
said.
Sri
Lanka is one of our closest partners and friends in the South Asian region. The
diplomatic relations between the two countries were established on February 19,
1957. Russia has always supported and backed Sri Lanka in all international
fora, particularly in the United Nations Human Rights Council, as well as the
Sri Lankan efforts in UN Peacekeeping Missions.
In
recent years, relations between our countries have developed at a good
pace. The latest example of our ever-growing partnership is the working
visit of the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Russia Sergey Lavrov to Sri Lanka
on January 14, 2020. The Russian Foreign Minister met with the President
Gotabaya Rajapaksa, Prime Minister Mahinda Rajapaksa and Minister for Foreign
Relations Dinesh Gunawardena, concluded Ambassador Materiy.
President
Sirisena had spoken with President Putin at Fifth Summit of Heads of State of
the Conference on Interaction and Confidence Building Measures in Asia in
Dushanbe, Tajikistan in June 2019. He had told Putin about the difficulties in
buying defense equipment from Russia due to a US directive prohibiting his
government from dealing with some Russian enterprises. This prevented Sri Lanka
from using a credit line made available by Russia. Sirisena had sought advice
from President Putin as to how ‘the problem could be tackled’. He told Putin
that that the three MIGs given by Russia in 1972 to fight an insurgency are
still in service. On his return, President
Sirisena spoke warmly about his interactions with Russian President Vladimir
Putin, reported the media.
Vice Admiral
Piyal De Silva, Commander of the Sri Lanka Navy, made an official trip to
Russia in July 2019 at the invitation of Russia. This was the first visit by a
Commander of the Sri Lanka Navy to Russian Navy Headquarters at Saint
Petersburg. Vice Admiral
De Silva called on the Commander in Chief of the Russian Navy. He participated
in a working meeting with high level specialists in military technical
cooperation and was given a detailed tour of a Russian patrol corvette.
During this
visit, representatives from Sri Lanka embassy in Moscow had met with Russian
Navy Headquarters’ International Relations officers to discuss upcoming visits
which aimed at advancing cooperation between Sri Lanka and Russia Naval
educational institutions. The first exchange visit would be between the Naval
& Maritime Academy, Trincomalee, and Admiral Kuznetsov Naval Academy, Saint
Petersburg, the principal education & research centre of the Russian Navy.
Russia
participated in Cormorant Strike 2019”, the combined forces field training
exercise organized by Sri Lanka
army. Sri Lanka is taking steps to
enhance naval cooperation with Russia, announced the Foreign Ministry, on that
occasion. In 2019, Sri Lanka participated at the Main Naval Parade, Russia’s
largest-scale international ceremonial event at sea.
Commander-in-Chief of the Land Forces of the
Russian Federation General Oleg Salyukov participated
in Sri Lanka’s 72nd Independence Day celebrations of 2020. General Oleg
Salyukov thanked the Sri Lankan Government for the invitation and warm welcome
accorded to him. He commended the Army Commander for his bravery during the war
and praised him for being one of the most decorated officers in the history of
the Sri Lankan military. He placed a floral tribute at the war
memorial.
Iran also been helpful to Sri Lanka, not only with military supplies but
also with interest free loans. Iran also supplied us with our crude oil
requirements, said K Godage. Iran is important
and should not be ignored by Sri Lanka.
USA’s interest in Iran started due to its oil. American companies
were drilling Iran’s oil. USA got rid of Iran’s popular ruler, Mossadegh and
replaced him with the awful Shah Reza Pahlavi. The Shah’s secret police SAVAK
was assisted by CIA and Israel’s MOSSAD. The Shah was unpopular and the USA had
to take him away. A theocratic Iranian state, openly hostile towards USA, came
into being.
USA
then started its present day battle with Iran. There was the ‘Iran hostage’
crisis, the ‘Iran Contra’ issue, ‘Iran nuclear programme’ Iran has loomed large
in American politics, despite the distance, observed analysts. Currently, USA has imposed sanctions on Iran.
Iran,
however, has not meekly given in to USA as USA hoped. Iran criticizes USA at
every turn. When you click on Al Jazeera today, there is sure to be an Iranian
authority on the screen, scolding USA. Iran accuses US of being the only country
to have used nuclear weapons, twice in Japan in 1945, and yet of blocking other
countries, especially Iran, from benefiting from a civil nuclear program. Iran
is simultaneously fighting three cold wars, Israel, Saudi Arabia and US,
commented TIME. Iran’s leader
Ayatollah Khamenei, has ‘confounded every US President’ for the last 30 years,
TIME added.
The clash between the two
countries is increasing. In 2019, Iran unveiled a set of anti-American murals
on the walls of the former US embassy. The message in the paintings was of a
violent US, thirsty for war and bent on tightening its grip on the world, but
was in reality, a weakening power.
The murals, mainly painted in
white, red and blue, the colors of the US flag, showed the Great Seal of the
United States with a Star of David in it. Instead of an olive branch, the eagle
is clutching bullets in his talons. Another mural showed the American Global
Hawk drone shot down by Iran.
But things are not going well for
Iran either. 2020 began with the assassination of Iranian top military officer
Soulamani and ended with the killing of Iran’s top nuclear scientist, the
architect behind Iran’s nuclear programme Mohsen Fakhrizadeh-Mahabadi.
In November 2020, Fakhrizadeh was
assassinated outside of Tehran. First, a truck with explosives blew up near the
car carrying Fakhrizadeh. Then, gunmen started firing on Fakhrizadeh’s car. The
immediate speculation was that Israel had carried out the attack. The
coordinated assassination of Fakhrizadeh in Teheran came days after the covert
Israeli-Saudi-US meeting that reportedly took place in Neom. All indications indeed point to Israel. In
2018, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu identified Fakhrizadeh, as a
target of his administration. Remember that name, Fakhrizadeh, Netanyahu had
said.
Fakhrizadeh was not first Iranian
nuclear scientist to be assassinated. Between 2010 and 2012, four Iranian
nuclear scientists were assassinated, Masoud
Alimohammadi, Majid
Shahriari, Darioush Rezaeinejad, and Mostafa Ahmadi Roshan. Israel, working
with the MEK, was behind the killings said analysts. The Israeli government never denied the
allegations. Mujahedin-e-Khalq
(MEK) is a political party inside Iran, working towards the defeat of the
government.
In Sri Lanka the Iranian embassy
stated that the evidence clearly indicates the involvement of Israel in the
terrorist attack. Israeli authorities have repeatedly named Dr. Fakhrizadeh and
planned to assassinate him several times.
Local analysts have drawn
attention to the significance of Iran in world politics. Asanga Abeygoonasekera
has pointed out that Iran holds a pivotal position in the Middle Eastern
frontier. The recently concluded Abraham
Pact between UAE, Israel and Bahrain backed by Saudi Arabia was intended to
deter Iran.
Sri Lanka should take note of two geopolitical
pressure points, said Asanga. First, the Middle East with its Abraham Pact, to
deter Iran. Second, in the Indo Pacific region to deter China. If sanctions against Iran are relaxed, Iran
would play a much larger economic role in the oil trade. If China is not
contained by the US and its allies, it will continue to influence through its
economic, military and CCP political model”.
(Continued)