උපුටා ගැන්ම ලංකා සී නිව්ස්

උතුරේ සිටින අන්තවාදී පිරිස් විසින් මුලතිව් කුරුන්දි විහාරයෙන් තමන් වහන්සේව පන්නා දමා එහි අයිතිය ලබා ගැනීමට උත්සහ දරමින් සිටින බවට කුරුන්දි විහාරාධිපති උතුරු පළාතේ ප්‍රධාන සංඝනායක පූජ්‍ය ගල්ගමුවේ ශාන්තබෝධි හිමියන් පවසති.

එම අන්තවාදී පිරිස් තමන් වහන්සේට නින්දා අපහාස සිදු කරමින් ජීවිත තර්ජන එල්ල කරමින් සිටින බවට ශාන්තබෝධී හිමියන් සඳහන් කරති.

සිංහල ජනතාව උතුරු පළාතේන් පන්නා දැමීමට අන්තවාදී දේශපාලකයන් විසින් මේ වන විට මෙහෙයුමක් දියත් කරමින් සිටින බවටද උන්වහන්සේ චෝදනා කරති.

Prime Minister’s Media Division

Prime Minister Dinesh Gunawardena thanked Japan for continuous assistance to Sri Lanka and said the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) on JDS human resource development scholarship scheme is yet another landmark in bilateral cooperation.
The MoU was signed by Japanese Ambassador  Mizukoshi Hideaki, and the Secretary to Ministry of Finance, Mahinda Siriwardene in the presence of Prime Minister Dinesh Gunawardena and the visiting Foreign Minister of japan Yoshimasa Hayashi at the Temple Trees today.
The Prime Minister said the high level visit from Japan to Sri Lanka was very useful in order to explore potential projects on ports, airports, railways, renewable energy, maritime cooperation and mutual efforts to heighten private sector tie ups as important areas.
He discussed with Japanese Foreign Minister on the ongoing debt restructuring process, which is co-chaired by the Japanese government, and supported by India, France and other donor countries.
The Prime Minister recalling that the previous government made a mistake in suspending the proposed Light Rail Transit (LRT) project and urged Japan to have further discussion on resuming the project and Foreign Minister Yoshimasa Hayashi agreed to consider to impotent it as a Private-Public-Partnership (PPP) project.
Under the MoU on JDS signed by the two countries, Japan will provide additional scholarships to Sri Lankan public servants, academics and scholars for higher studies in Japan. The programme will continue until 2025 and this year a sum of Rs 611 million has been allocated by Japan for these scholarships.
Minister of Foreign Affairs Yoshimasa Hayashi was accompanied by a 22-member delegation that included Director General International Cooperation Kazuya Endo, Director General Southeast and Southwest Asian Affairs Yutaka Arima, Director, Southwest Asian Affairs, Taro Tstutsami, Senior Foreign Policy Coordinator Manabu Murakami, Principal Foreign Policy Coordinator, Manabu Murakami.
Minister of State for Foreign Affairs Taraka Balasuriya, MP Yadamini Gunawardena, Secretary to the Prime Minister, Anura Dissanayake Secretary of Ministry of Home Affairs, Ranjith Ashoka were also present at this meeting.

Prime Minister’s Media Division

by A. Abdul Aziz

According to reports available from U.K. based International Human Rights Committee (IHRC) fanatic mullahs are planning to demolish minarets of Ahmadi Muslim Mosques in Jhelum, Pakistan, in a planned march this weekend. 

This comes after police destroyed the minarets of an Ahmadi Mosque in Kala Gujran, Jhelum District on the order of the extremist clerics. The radical clerics forced the police to destroy minarets, threatening repercussions if they did not. 

The demands of the group are: 

1. All the Minarets and the Mehrabs (prayer niche at the front of a Mosque) should be removed from the Ahmadiyya Places of Worship in district Jhelum. 

2. A Strict and complete ban should be imposed on the activities of the Qadianis and on the usage of Rituals of Islam by them. 

This is a continuance of decades-long persecution of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community in Pakistan. 

This year, 10 Mosques have already been attacked by both vigilante mobs and authorities, including arson and desecration of minarets. Since 1984, their Mosques have been demolished, set on fire, forcibly occupied and sealed by authorities. 

This is the latest in a long line of violation of basic religious freedom enshrined in international human rights laws. 

Human rights groups have repeatedly expressed their deep concern over the lack of attention to the serious human rights violations perpetrated against the Ahmadiyya community.

Moreover, Graves of Ahmadi Muslims have once again been desecrated and vandalised in a malicious and senseless attack by vigilantes’ elements in Pakistan. 

The grievous attack took place on 16th July 2023 in Mehmoodabad, a town near Jhelum city. 

 Unknown assailants attacked the tombstones of two graves in a combine graveyard. The tombstones were smashed into pieces and splashed with black paint obscuring the writing on the tombstone. 

The graves belong to two senior elders of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community. There was a protective boundary constructed around these graves, but even that was damaged. 

We once again urge the international community to pressure the Government of Pakistan to honor its responsibility to provide protection to all its citizens, ensure freedom of religious practice to Ahmadis, and bring perpetrators of such vicious attacks to justice.

Persecution against Ahmadis as of reports, almost daily incidents against the minority group. Graveyard vandalism has been a favoured tactic of the anti-Ahmadi element in Pakistan for years. This shameful tactic means Ahmadis are not free from persecution even after their death.

Moreover, we once again strongly urge the international community to impress upon the Government of Pakistan the need to discharge any absurd cases against Ahmadis and release all held in custody and thus honor its responsibility to provide effective protection and freedom of religious practice to Ahmadis, and ensure that perpetrators of such vicious actions should be brought to justice.

Media Centre – MOD

•        KDU strengthens its wings to cater upcoming higher educational needs

•        Opens fully-fledged Cadets’ Mess and accommodation facilities at Southern Campus

•        ‘KDU Journal of Built Environment’ and Industrial Magazine ‘QUALITY- for Sustainable Future’ launched

Work in progress to set up another KDU Wing at the Kurunagala District, Defence Secretary General Kamal Gunaratne reiterated today (28 Jul).

This expansion will offer students of our nation an unparalleled opportunity to experience a world-class, time-bound, and disciplined education, coupled with guaranteed job opportunities”, he also said addressing a gathering at the General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University’s (KDU) Southern Campus in Sooriyawewa. 

Though the Southern Campus has a brief history of only eight years, its impact on our nation has been profound, General Gunaratne added while recalling his last visit to the venue.

He expressed these remarks during a ceremony organized to open the newly constructed Officer Cadets’ Mess, Male and Female Accommodation Complexes and the launching of a Research Journal and a Magazine at the Campus today.

The Chief Guest of the day, Gen. Gunaratne was received by the KDU Chancellor Gen. Shantha Kottegoda (Retd) together with Vice Chancellor Maj. Gen. Milinda Peiris upon his arrival at the venue and accompanied to witness the new amenities following respective opening ceremonies held at the auspicious time.

Emeritus Prof. Lalith De Silva conducted the Keynote Address for the launch of the ‘KDU Journal of Built Environment’ (KDU-J-BE) and Prof. Saman Yapa delivered the Keynote Speech for the launch of the Industrial Magazine ‘QUALITY- for Sustainable Future’ during the session. The e-versions of  the same were also launched afterward.

Defence Secretary during his speech appreciating the services of the KDU academic staff went on saying Your commitment to fostering a research culture and intellectual curiosity is truly commendable.”

As we continue to develop and nurture the minds of our youth through quality education, we also reaffirm our commitment to producing professional officers who will serve Sri Lanka with dedication and integrity he said These Officer Cadets will be the driving force behind our nation’s progress, contributing to a brighter and safer future for all”.

Urging students to seize this opportunity to expand their horizons, he remarked that Education is not merely a means to secure a job; it is a lifelong journey of growth and self-discovery”.

Navy Commander Vice Admiral Priyantha Perera, Army’s Chief of Staff Maj. Gen. Sanjaya Wanasinghe, Ministry of Defence Additional Secretary (Defence) Dhammika Wijayasinghe, Additional Secretary (Parliamentary Affairs) Indika Wijegunawardena, Rector of the KDU Southern Campus Maj. Gen. Robin Jayasuriya, senior state and military officers, members of the KDU academic and administrative staffs and distinguished invitees were present at the occasion.

CHAPA on Geopolitics!

අරුණ ලක්සිරි උණවටුන B.Sc (Col), PGDC(Col) නීතීඥ   – සමායෝජක, වෛද්‍ය තිලක පද්මා සුබසිංහ අනුස්මරණ නීති අධ්‍යාපන වැඩසටහන.

1. 1972 ආණ්ඩුක්‍රම ව්‍යවස්ථාව පළමු ස්වස්ථානික ව්‍යවස්ථාව එනම් පළමු ජනරජ ආණ්ඩුක්‍රම ව්‍යවස්ථාව වෙයි.

2. එහි 10.1 ව්‍යවස්ථාව මෙසේය.
10. (1) All written laws, including subordinate legislation in force immediately prior to the
commencement of the Constitution, shall be published
in the Gazette in Sinhala and in Tamil translation as
expeditiously as possible under the authority of the
Minister in charge of the subject of Justice.

3. ඒ අනුව 1972 ආණ්ඩුක්‍රම ව්‍යවස්ථාව පැනවීමට පෙර බලාත්මක වූ සියලු නීති සහ අනුනීති හැකිතාක් ඉක්මණින් සිංහල සහ දෙමළ භාෂාවෙන් ගැසට් පත්‍රයේ පළ කළ යුතු විය.

4. 1972 ආණ්ඩුක්‍රම ව්‍යවස්ථාවට ගෙන එනු ලැබූ 2වන සංශෝධනය වන 1978 ආණ්ඩුක්‍රම ව්‍යවස්ථාවේ 24.3 ව්‍යවස්ථාවේද ඉහත 1972 ආණ්ඩුක්‍රම ව්‍යවස්ථාවේ 10.1 ව්‍යවස්ථාවේ දක්වා ඇති විධිවිධානය කාලීනව දක්වා ඇත.

5. එය මෙසේය.
23. 4. All laws and subordinate legislation in force
immediately prior to the commencement of the Constitution, shall be published in the Gazette in the Sinhala and Tamil Language as expeditiously as possible.

6. ඒ අනුව 1946 සෝල්බරි ව්‍යවස්ථාවට පෙර පනවා ඇති ආඥාපනත්, සෝල්බරි ව්‍යවස්ථාව යටතේ පනවා ඇති පනත් 1978 ආණ්ඩුක්‍රම ව්‍යවස්ථාව ක්‍රියාත්මක වීමෙන් පසු සංශෝධනය කිරීමට යන අවස්ථාවල 23.4 ව්‍යවස්ථාව අනුව ඉංග්‍රීසි භාෂාවෙන් ඇති මව් ආඥාපනත – පනත/ මුල් ආඥාපනත – පනත සිංහල සහ දෙමළ භාෂාවෙන් ගැසට් පත්‍රයේ පළ කිරීම ආණ්ඩුක්‍රම ව්‍යවස්ථාව අනුව අත්‍යවශ්‍ය කාර්යයක් වෙයි.

7. එසේ නොමැතිව 1978 ආණ්ඩුක්‍රම ව්‍යවස්ථාව ක්‍රියාත්මක වීමෙන් පසු සංශෝධනය කර ආණ්ඩුක්‍රම ව්‍යවස්ථාවට අනුකූලයැයි දක්වා ඇති සිංහල සහ දෙමළ භාෂාවෙන් ගැසට් පත්‍රයේ පළ කර නැති මව් ආඥාපනතට – පනතර/ මුල් ආඥාපනතට – පනතට කර ඇති සියලුම සංශෝධන 1978 ආණ්ඩුක්‍රම ව්‍යවස්ථාවට අනනුකූල සංශෝධන වෙයි.

8. ඒ අනුව 1978 සිට මේ දක්වා ආණ්ඩුක්‍රම ව්‍යවස්ථාවේ 23.4 අනුව්‍යවස්ථාවට අනනුකූල පනත් කෙටුම්පත් කීයක් නීතියක් බවට පත්වී තිබේද? යන්න ගණනය කිරීම රටේ නීතියේ පාලනය පිළිබඳව සහ ආණ්ඩුක්‍රම ව්‍යවස්ථාව ආරක්ෂා කොට අනුගමනය කිරීමේ යුතුකම පිළිබඳ තත්ත්වයකි.

http://neethiyalk.blogspot.com/2023/07/1978-234.html?m=1

අරුණ ලක්සිරි උණවටුන B.Sc (Col), PGDC(Col) නීතීඥ   – සමායෝජක, වෛද්‍ය තිලක පද්මා සුබසිංහ අනුස්මරණ නීති අධ්‍යාපන වැඩසටහන. දුරකථන 0712063394

e-Con e-News

‘Before you study the economics, study the economists!”

e-Con e-News August 2023 Part 1

‘The shortest route to London from Paris is through Calcutta’

– Napoleon Bonaparte

India’s Defence Acquisition Council bought for its Navy: 26 more Rafale fighter jets & 3 more Scorpene submarines ‘worth 1000s of crores’, from France, just as Indian PM N Modi landed in Paris on July 13. The Indian Navy says it needs at least 18 submarines to carry out its ‘full spectrum of operations’. France is India’s 2^nd-largest arms supplier.

     Then the French President suddenly appears in Colombo, with a large contingent of bureaucratic foreign legionnaires. Not quite Napoleon invading Egypt in 1798 with an eye on England’s jambu in Sri Lanka and India. But then the Japan’s FM arrives, also with an ample retinue. India’s Tata Chair Natarajan Chandrasekaran had already arrived in Colombo to do some SoE shopping and left. The sky appears filled with a plague of fleas. (see ee Random Notes)

     Earlier this year, France started violently evicting Comoros people from Mayotte, whose strategic spread between Mozambique & Madagascar, blocks access to the Mozambique channel (ee April 2023 P2). When Comoros declared independence in 1974, France grabbed Mayotte from Comoros, and assassinated their socialist leader.

     So, instead of arresting French President E Macron who arrived in Sri Lanka after casing France’s colonized territories in the Indian & Pacific Oceans (isn’t colonialism illegal yet, Mr & Ms International Criminal Court? And you, Mr & Ms UN Human Rights Commission?), an obsequious media, clearly franchised by some francs (oops, euros) unanimously headlined his arrival: ‘historic’ – as if a colonized EU could protect us from their colonial master, the USA, and from a colonial-era Himalayan outpost!

     Macron was apparently fleeing sparked workers in France itself, after stealing their pensions. The so-called ‘riots’ are perhaps a fire wall (erected by those people who gave us the French word, agent-provocateur!). Maybe Macron passed on some advice to Sri Lanka’s President, who is also clawing at workers’ pensions. France has been assigned the role of ‘good cop’, as opposed to the USA’s bad cop, a role earlier played by Scandinavians (Norway) and other Arcticians (Canada), etc.

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• The World Bank’s Country Director for Sri Lanka, with a fancy double-barrel name, got together with the Sri Lanka Press Institute at the Hilton Colombo (which is about to be sold off) to tell us that economic recovery is on its way. The World Bank is also providing $200million (is it cash or more expensive US goods?) to win friends, beat off enemies and buy off the rest, while cutting of any social safety net and smoothing the IMF’s way to their 17^th false panacea (see ee Economy, Cabinet Nod).

     ee also draws attention to the goings on at SLTelecom, which is yet to respond to reports of being bribed to abandon Asian plans for submarine internet cables. The World Bank has been put in charge of selling off this purportedly profitable national enterprise. Meanwhile, Sri Lanka’s new Data Protection Authority has put into operation by President Ranil Wickremesinghe as Minister of Technology.

     This ee Focus therefore continues our recall of the entry of the English & the USA into the Indian & Pacific oceans, through their lucrative trade in opium, and more interestingly, where the US chose to invest such loot (training workers, railways, telegraph, telecoms, etc). Therefore also providing a micro history of telegraphy and underwater cabling, linking Sri Lanka.

*

‘The IMF does not want to hear the word industrialization

within the walls of their IMF building’

– see ee Focus

• This ee, in response to the IMF ban, reproduces some of the very absorbing contributions at a recent Gamani Corea Foundation’s Innovators Forum on Industrial Development, with recently deposed Central Banker governor WD Lakshman, policy analyst Vagisha Gunasekera, former CEO of Ceylon Development Engineering Co Sunil Abhayawardhana, and Dhammika Fernando, chair of the Free Trade Zone Manufacturers Association. Led by economists Bram and Howard Nicholas, the Forum dealt with the heights and lows of Sri Lanka’s industrial possibilities and policies most vital – if we do not wish to kneel before the IMF for an 18^th time… (see ee Focus)

     SBD de Silva, to whom this blog is dedicated, always called for a national conversation on the real meaning of industrialization – quite aware that the colonized media would never allow such a discussion.

     ee was therefore excited that the Forum sought to flesh out, what exactly industrialization is, and even better, examined the paths through the inevitable obstructions. The challenges in building real industry are indeed fearsome, yet all this could be overcome: For what is most lacking is not financing, etc. – as is usually trotted out along with a plethora of negatives, small market, etc. – but a lack of will!

     Even more, as pointed out by some participants, our permanent government (no, not politicians, but bureaucrats & related importer-exporters) has little idea about real industrialization and see the world like petty traders through just ‘money’ rather than ‘capital’…

     The most interesting revelations at the Forum are the IMF’s vicious opposition to modern industrialization in Sri Lanka, and how industrialized capitalist countries have always blocked industrial up-and-comers.

     The Forum focused on Export-Oriented Industrialization, of which ee has repeatedly been critical. External trade is dominated by imperialist nation-state promoted multinational corporations, and not just because the leading capitalist nation, the USA, and their EU poodles are weaponizing access to their markets. The Forum was however a clear beginning, and we hope that the Gamani Corea Foundation, etc, despite the glittering inducements available to economists who toe the IMF line, will with others, continue and widen this crucial conversation.

     There is clearly great need to do so. There is much confusion, not only because the powers that be have media machines that pump out heavy fog on the clearest of days…

අද කොළඹදී ආරම්භ වූ ශ්‍රී ලංකා ප්‍රිමියර් ලීග් තරඟාවලියේ ආරම්භක උළෙලේ දී ජාතික ගීය ගායනා කළ ආකාරය සම්බන්ධයෙන් සමාජ ජාලයන්හි දැඩි විවේචන එල්ල වෙමින් තිබේ.

උමාරා සිංහවංශ විසින් මෙම ගායනය සිදු කළ අතර එය ශ්‍රී ලංකා ජාතික ගීය මෙතෙක් ගායනා කළ ආකාරයට වෙනස් ආකාරයකින් ගැයීම සම්බන්ධයෙන් මෙම විවේචනයන් එල්ල වෙමින් ඇත.

ක්‍රිකට් ආයතනයටත්, තරගාවලිය සංවිධායකයන්ටත්, ගැයූ ගායිකාවටත් මේ ගැන චෝදනා එල්ලවෙමින් තිබේ.

https://fb.watch/m6x6JjVnPS/

By Kanishka Singharia Courtesy The Hindustan Times

The Chittoor district police issued a notice to Vigneshwari, instructing her to either leave the country before the visa’s expiration.

In yet another cross-border love story, a Sri Lankan woman travelled to India to marry her six-year-old Facebook friend, who hails from Andhra Pradesh. According to Hindustan Times’s sister publication, Live Hindustan, Shivakumari Vigneshwari, a 25-year-old woman from Sri Lanka, tied the knot with her Facebook friend, Laxman, 28, at a temple in V Kota on July 20.

The couple’s journey to matrimony began when they first connected on Facebook back in 2017. After years of online friendship, Vigneshwari, who arrived in India on a tourist visa, decided to travel to Andhra Pradesh on July 8 to meet Laxman in person.

Overwhelmed with joy, Laxman received her in Chennai and later brought her to his home. With the blessings of Laxman’s family, the couple solemnized their love in a beautiful ceremony.

The news of their marriage quickly went viral on social media, prompting authorities to take legal action against the couple. Acting in accordance with immigration regulations, the Chittoor district police issued a notice to Vigneshwari, instructing her to either leave the country before the visa’s expiration or apply for an extension. Vigneshwari’s tourist visa is set to expire on August 15.

Undeterred by the hurdles before her, Vigneshwari expressed her desire to remain in India permanently and live with her husband. Seeking Indian citizenship, she appealed to the Indian government for assistance in making her wish come true.

The district superintendent of police, Y Rishanth Reddy, shared that Vigneshwari had been informed about the procedure and criteria for obtaining Indian citizenship. He stated that she is likely to receive an extension on her visa based on her marriage to an Indian citizen.

In light of potential legal complexities that might arise in the future, the police offered some advice to the couple. They encouraged Shivakumari Vigneshwari and Laxman to formally register their marriage.

Courtesy The Daily Star

Japan  pressed bankrupt Sri Lanka on Saturday to expedite its debt restructuring, including with its biggest creditor China, to stabilise the island nation’s economy after an unprecedented crisis.

Tokyo’s foreign minister Yoshimasa Hayashi welcomed economic reforms under the auspices of an International Monetary Fund bailout but said Sri Lanka needed to pick up the pace in its negotiations with creditors.

“I conveyed my expectations for further progress in the debt restructuring process,” Hayashi told reporters after his one-day visit.

China holds about 52 per cent of Sri Lanka’s bilateral credit, with Japan and India the next biggest lenders.

All bilateral creditors except China have pledged to support a plan to delay repayments on loans.

Beijing has been reluctant to agree to a debt deferral and instead initially offered more loans to pay off older debt, a move unacceptable under IMF bailout rules.

China’s delay held up a $2.9 billion IMF bailout which was finally granted in March, almost a year after Colombo defaulted on its $46 billion foreign debt.

Sri Lanka must secure agreement from all official creditors and a majority of private bondholders to draw down its second IMF instalment of $330 million in September.

Japanese foreign ministry spokeswoman Yukiko Okano told reporters that resolving Sri Lanka’s debt burden remained an urgent priority to unlock further funding for the island.

“For us now the important thing is this debt restructuring process will go as quickly as possible, as smoothly as possible,” Okano said.

She said Japan had been assured that all bilateral creditors will be offered “comparable treatment”.

There have been fears among Sri Lanka’s creditor nations that China may ask for more favourable terms, leaving others to carry a bigger share of the restructure’s burden.

Under Colombo’s proposal, bilateral lenders are spared a haircut on loans but will be asked to extend maturity by up to 15 years at an annual fixed interest rate of 1.5 per cent, with a nine-year moratorium on interest payments.

Okano added that Japan was concerned about China’s big infrastructure projects in Sri Lanka and elsewhere in the region as they did not meet international finance standards.

Unable to repay a huge loan taken from China in 2017 to build a deep sea port in southern Hambantota, Sri Lanka handed it over to a Chinese firm for $1.12 billion on a 99-year lease.

Sri Lanka ran out of cash to pay for even the most essential imports last year, leading to chronic shortages of food, fuel and medicines.

Then-president Gotabaya Rajapaksa, who faced allegations of mismanagement, was forced to flee the country and resign in July 2022 after months of protests.

Courtesy The Daily Mirror

As a large creditor to Sri Lanka, China is welcome to join the effort steered by Japan, India and France to help the island nation cope with its debt distress, Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman said on Saturday. She also called upon the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank to speed up relief measures for countries facing debt vulnerabilities.

Terming multilateral development banks’ (MDBs) reforms and debt-relief measures for many stressed economies as the top two finance track priorities for India during its G-20 Presidency, Ms. Sitharaman said that a comprehensive, better and quicker approach is required to address the problem within the common framework of the IMF and World Bank, as well as outside” it.

I quote the ‘outside of it’ equally as much as within the framework, as we have the example of Sri Lanka, a middle-income country which got into distress because its earnings were limited to tourism and some other areas like export of tea… Sri Lanka required a quick redressal, although outside of the framework because they are a middle-income country,” she noted in a discussion at the India Japan Forum.

In Sri Lanka’s case, Japan, which holds the G-7 Presidency currently, quickly took the lead to address the distress, she pointed out. Japan came up, along with France and India, with a quick committee of creditors group, which started addressing the issue. And of course, it was an open forum, it wasn’t limited to just to the three countries, China is welcome to participate as one of the big creditors,” Ms. Sitharaman said.

Japan’s leadership in such cases with a constructive approach to address debt distress” has been well-received, the Minister said, adding that this is an indicator that the G-7 and G-20 together would come up with solutions to the problem.

While the MDBs are acting to alleviate debt distress, they need to be more nimble”, the Minister said, noting that we are looking at situations where countries are waiting for more than three or four years after the application seeking some redressal, to get the actual resolution of the issues”.(The Hindu)

Courtesy The Daily Mirror

Canadian High Commissioner Eric Walsh yesterday said that there was genocide in Canada and its now trying to bring about reconciliation with its indigenous people, and Sri Lanka also has potential for the same.

Sri Lanka can achieve much like Canada, which has presented itself as a bilingual nation both domestically and internationally. Canadian life is in bilingual nature with English and French and Tamil to some extent. This is how Canada has presented itself domestically and internationally. this is what we are focusing on when it comes to our relationship with Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka can also do it with its positive aspects and advantages,” Mr. Walsh told a media conference organized by the Canadian Tamil Congress to announce its assistance to
Sri Lanka.

Canada is trying to bring about reconciliation with its indigenous people. It has been acknowledged that there has been genocide in Canada. It is a long process and dif­ficult, ”he added.

Mr. Walsh praised the Sri Lankan Tamils in Canada stating that they have played a great contribution to the well-being of that nation. We have a large number of Canadian professionals such as doctors and others. There are also two Tamil origin Cabinet members in Canada, ” he said in this regard.

He said there were a number of Canadian organizations working in Sri Lanka undertaking many projects such as setting up a Thalassemia Centre in Kurunegala. He also praised the Canadian Tamil Congress, which has raised Rs 250 million through the recent project Canadian Tamil Walk.

Tamil Progressive Alliance and Member of Parliament Mano Ganesan said Canada has been a long-standing friend of Sri Lanka. He recalled that Bandaranaike International Airport in Katunayake had gained recognition as an international airport with Canadian assistance.it was Canada which assisted Sri Lanka to construct a 11,000 feet runway at the Katunayake Airport during the 1960s,” he said.(Yohan Perera)

Courtesy The Daily Mirror

President Ranil Wickremesinghe and Foreign Minister of Japan Hayashi Yoshimasa discussed several Japanese-funded projects such as the Light Rail Transit (LRT), the East Terminal, the Kandy Development Plan, Central Highway, and the expansion of the Bandaranaike International Airport.

Both parties expressed the importance of expediting the implementation of these projects, the President’s Media Division (PMD) said.

They delved into bilateral, regional, and global issues, emphasizing their shared commitment to maintaining the region as a peaceful and stable area. 

President Wickremesinghe also highlighted the investment opportunities in Sri Lanka’s high-tech industries, envisioning a transformation from a labour market-oriented economy to one that caters to cutting-edge technological advancements. This strategic move is expected to present significant prospects for Japanese investors.

President Wickremesinghe expressed his gratitude to the Japanese Government for their support in the debt restructuring process and shared details of French President Emmanuel Macron’s offer, aiming to play a pivotal role in enhancing the common platform for debt restructuring and expediting the process.

Visiting Minister Hayashi Yoshimasa, arrived in Sri Lanka on July 28 on a two-day official visit. During his stay, he will engage in discussions on bilateral relations with President Wickremesinghe, Prime Minister Dinesh Gunawardena, and his Sri Lankan counterpart, Minister Ali Sabry.

Courtesy Adaderana

State Minister of Higher Education, Suren Raghavan, says President Ranil Wickremesinghe’s proposal to implement the 13th Amendment of the Constitution without police powers as a measure to foster national harmony may not be popular, but it is a forward-looking decision for the future of the country.

Additionally, Minister Raghavan, highlighted that this decision was taken despite the considerable risk involved, in order to pave the way for a new political journey anticipated by the young people who have been actively engaged in the ‘Aragalaya’.

He conveyed these perspectives while addressing a Press briefing themed ‘Collective Path to a Stable Country’ at the Presidential Media Centre (PMC) yesterday (July 28).

During his remarks, the state minister asserted that a national dialogue has once again emerged regarding the 13th Amendment of the Constitution. He clarified misconceptions about the current president’s approach to this matter, emphasizing that all former presidents have previously discussed the issue. He pointed out that the country is now transitioning into a post-war phase.

Raghavan made it clear that while he does not consider himself a participant in any on-going struggle, the essence of the struggle is evident. He stressed the significance of renewing the agreement between the citizens and the state, a sentiment echoed by the people of the country and the younger generation poised to shape its future. Emphasizing the state’s responsibility, he underscored the need to address the aspirations and social needs of all citizens in order to revitalize the nation.

At present, President Ranil Wickremesinghe’s actions may not be widely supported, as it is a known fact that elections are on the horizon. Typically, popular decisions are made during such times to garner public favour.” State Minister of Higher Education, Mr. Suren Raghavan, suggested that providing essential necessities like free bread, dal, gas, and electricity, or making promises to do so, could be a favourable approach during this period.

Despite the potential risks involved, President Ranil Wickremesinghe has shown boldness in initiating this discourse during his political tenure. It is evident that the President holds a deep belief in democracy and firmly believes that even if a decision is not popular, it must be the right thing to do. The President embarked on this task with the hope of resolving the issue without burdening future generations.

During a discussion with party leaders and opposition ministers in parliament, President Ranil Wickremesinghe raised the question of whether they support the 13th Constitutional Amendment. It was pointed out that this amendment has been a part of the constitution for several decades, and significant funds, around Rs. 300 billion per year, are allocated to the Northern Provincial Council alone. This has led to a crucial question regarding the meaningfulness of maintaining the provincial council at such a substantial financial cost.

Furthermore, the President made it clear that if the 13th Amendment is not accepted politically, Parliament should step in and take action to abolish it. The Tamil political elite also face internal disunity, with varying opinions and stances on the matter. Some members are abstaining from the discussion and refuse to accept any solution that does not involve federalism. On the other hand, when others request a solution, they do not actively work towards finding one. This lack of consensus and commitment from certain factions within the Tamil political elite poses a challenge to the nation’s progress on this issue.

In light of the situation, adopting a dialogical democracy appears to be the most suitable approach. The enforcement of the 13th Constitutional Amendment, as proposed, should not be further delayed. Moreover, some parties advocate for 13+, as discussed with Mr. Mahinda Rajapaksa, and given the prolonged postponement of provincial council elections for nearly seven years, resolving the underlying issues is essential before holding the election.

One critical matter raised is whether all the powers outlined in the 13th Constitutional Amendment will be granted. Specifically, there is an on-going discussion regarding the granting of police powers. While the amendment mentions police powers, it has not been implemented due to mutual suspicions. Hence, there is a pressing need for a constructive dialogue to establish a new consensus between the state and its citizens, particularly concerning the Tamil people.

‘As a former governor, I have observed that 95% of the Tamil-speaking population faces daily struggles for survival, encompassing essential aspects like access to clean drinking water, healthcare, education, transportation, security, and economic opportunities. It is imperative to address these challenges promptly’.

It is equally important not to exploit the existing differences among Tamil leaders for political gains. Instead, we must focus on genuine efforts to win the hearts of the Tamil people and foster a unified approach towards building a prosperous and inclusive future for all citizens.

Courtesy Adaderana

Prof. Rohan Gunaratne, a threat specialist of the global security environment, has called for a rehabilitation programme for those arrested in connection with the 2019 Easter Sunday terror attacks.

Speaking at a conference in Colombo, Prof. Gunaratne urged that suspects connected to the bombings be subjected to a rehabilitation programme prior to their release.

He emphasised that in the event this is not done, another attack with the same or a similar magnitude to that of the one which took place in 2019 is likely to happen again.

Thus, the Professor expressed his regret over the fact that no such rehabilitation programme has been introduced yet, despite four years having passed since the series of bombings.

By P.K.Balachandran Courtesy NewsIn.Asia

Colombo, July 28: History would be made on Friday July 28, when for the first time in the history of Sri Lanka and the French Presidency, a French President will be visiting the island nation.

Emmanuel Macron will be in Colombo for a quick tête-à-tête with his Sri Lankan counterpart, Ranil Wickremesinghe. But the short time-span of the visit does not detract from its geopolitical importance.

It marks a paradigm shift in France’s relations with Sri Lanka. And the context for this is the emerging geo-political scenario in the Indo-Pacific region.    

With Macron’s visit, France will be breaking away from a historical lack of interest in Sri Lanka. In contrast to its policy on India, colonial-era France had no stakes in Ceylon, as Sri Lanka was called at that time. At the close of the 18 th.Century, when Napoleon was at the height of his power in Europe, the British in India feared that France was eyeing the port of Trincomalee. Napoleon had famously said: He who controls Trincomalee controls the Indian Ocean.”

The French had actually captured Trincomalee after a savage naval battle in September 1782. But they eventually withdrew, never to try their luck in Ceylon again.

France’s ties with independent Sri Lanka was weak till 2009. But since 2009, France has been taking a deep interest in the issue of war crimes. It has been playing a major role as part of the Core Group on Sri Lanka” at the UN Human Rights Council in Geneva, drafting tough resolutions against Colombo’s human rights record. During the war, France had opened its doors to thousands of Tamil refugees from Sri Lanka.    

But its trade ties with Sri Lanka have been weak. France sells only US$ 133.9 million worth of goods to Sri Lanka and buys only US$ 272.3 million from the island nation.

However, France has now realized that Sri Lanka has enormous geopolitical importance in the context of the rising threat from China to the established US-dominated security architecture in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. China’s aggressive moves in East Asia and the forays of its navy in the Indian Ocean have caused unease in India, the US and Japan.

And France could not be oblivious to that. France has a big stake in the Indo-Pacific as 93% of its Exclusive Economic Zone is in the Pacific Ocean due to its sovereignty over New Caledonia, French Polynesia and Futuna in the Pacific and over Réunion in the Indian Ocean.

Prior to coming to Sri Lanka, Macron would have visited New Caledonia and Papua New Guinea. That visit is also described as historic” as no other French President had visited them before. 

In the geopolitical competition with China, New Delhi and Washington are engaged in pulling Sri Lanka to their side. Japan too is in the fray.

While India is seeing success in its efforts to make its relations with Sri Lanka transformational” the US has stepped up its diplomacy in the island, showing a heightened interest in promoting human rights and democracy. It is said that it is trying to get Sri Lanka to sign a Status of Forces Agreement (SOFA) with the Department of Defence to counter China in the region.  

Not to be outdone, China sent Yuan Jiajun, a member of the Communist Party Central Committee’s Political Bureau, to meet President Wickremesinghe on July 22, though it is not clear if Beijing would soften its stand on debt restructuring and take a haircut like other lenders.    

Significantly, the Japanese Foreign Minister Hayashi Yoshima will be in Colombo on July 28 and 29 as the head of a 21-member delegation comprising Senior Foreign Policy Coordinator Murakami Manabu; Director General South East and South West Affairs, Arima Yutaka; and Director General International Cooperation, Endo Kazuya among others.

Japan’s thrust is economic though it has a strong geopolitical interest too given its sharp contradiction with China. Japan is keen to resume its traditional role as a top development partner and prevent Sri Lanka from falling prey to the lure of Beijing’s loan offers.    

France also wants to extend its sway over Sri Lanka. This is a part of Macron’s efforts to carve out an independent role for France in the Indo-Pacific region. Macron is keen that France should not just be a camp follower of the Anglo-Saxon powers headed by the US.  

Although in agreement with the US-led alliance in the latter’s fight against Russian aggression in Ukraine and China’s muscle flexing in East Asia and the Indo-Pacific, Macron wants France and Europe to have an independent policy that would be both balancing” and mediatory” rather than confrontationist”.

He visited Beijing on his own initiative and spoke against any Western adventurist action over Taiwan.   

A proponent of a stable multipolar order”, Macron said in Sydney in May 2018, that France’s goal is to act as an inclusive and a stabilizing mediating power.” In other words, France will be involved in settling disputes.

Macron had fallen out with the US and the UK, after the latter two, formed the AUKUS and entered into a deal with Australia on submarines sabotaging an existing Franco-Australian submarine deal.  

The pushy French leader is undeterred by barbs from the Anglo-Saxon countries that regard him a divider”.

As a part of this plan, Macron envisages a role for regional organizations as he is keen on a multilateral” approach, in contrast to the domination model promoted by the US and China.

Significantly, Macron’s approach is motived by geo-economics rather than geopolitics. He is committed to promoting common goods like climate change, the environment and biodiversity, healthcare, education, digital technology, and high-quality infrastructure), in a region undergoing rapid demographic, social and urban transition.

In this he is seeking the cooperation of the European Union, which is similarly oriented.

One of his goals is to reduce Europe’s dependence on the US so that it is not dragged into a confrontation between China and the US over Taiwan.

China has enthusiastically endorsed Macron’s concept of strategic autonomy. It is said that Chinese officials constantly refer to it in their dealings with European officials.

Macron also argued that Europe should lessen its dependency on the US for weapons and energy and focus on boosting European defence industries. He has also suggested Europe should reduce its dependence on the extraterritoriality of the US dollar,” an objective of both China and Russia.

As far as Sri Lanka is concerned, it would welcome France’s independent foreign policy because that could take away some of the sting from the tough Anglo-US stand on human rights, allege war crimes and ties with China.

Sri Lanka needs China’s financial resources for its recovery program and its help at the UNHRC. And France might not be averse to Sri Lanka’s seeking China’s help in economic matters, as Macron is also for economic cooperation with China.

Nandita Roy

Foreign diplomats poking their noses at the country’s internal affairs does not fall within the Vienna Convention. Although the government has repeatedly expressed its enthusiasm on this matter, the foreign ambassadors are not stopping talking. The government warned the ambassadors and heads of missions of 13 countries including the United States for talking about the internal affairs of Bangladesh. The ambassadors of the countries have been called and informed about the displeasure of the government regarding a joint statement centered on Ashraful Alam, an independent candidate for Dhaka-17 seat. Foreign diplomats are becoming active day by day about the upcoming parliamentary elections. Elections are internal affairs of the country. The interference of foreign envoys in the internal affairs of our country is unfortunate. State Minister for Foreign Affairs Shahriar Alam held a meeting with the diplomats of 13 countries of the European Union including the United States at the Rashtriya Guest House Padma on Wednesday and expressed the government’s displeasure. He says that the joint statement given by them has been prepared very quickly. It did not mention the steps taken by the government. So there are questions about its objectivity and objectivity. Diplomats present at the meeting were urged to follow the Geneva Conventions and refrain from unethical conduct. The election commission and the government have taken legal measures as soon as they learned about the untoward incident. But the two were arrested long before the diplomats gave their statements on July 19. On July 18, it was also published in the media. But even after taking legal action, these diplomats have called for taking legal action, which is unwarranted. We are also in favor of fair and peaceful polls. A new independent and impartial Election Commission has already been formed. Everyone needs to have confidence in that impartial Election Commission. There is no opportunity to bother with foreign envoys’ comments in advance. Foreign interference in the politics of Bangladesh is an old phenomenon, especially after the assassination of Bangabandhu, when the military forces started participating in the politics of this country, what to do and how to do Bangladesh, all the instructions kept coming from abroad. Even though money was provided for politics from Pakistan and the Middle East countries, politics was controlled mainly on the basis of the United States and its intelligence activities. Although the picture of such interventions has changed somewhat, it cannot be said to be decreasing. It appears that the foreign ambassadors are commenting on the election management, fairness and neutrality of the elections ahead of the upcoming parliamentary elections. According to political analysts, we are responsible for such a situation. We are giving opportunities to foreigners to speak. Whenever the politicians of this country are out of government, they appear to foreigners with ‘complaints’. This is the political reality here. Interference in internal politics by ambassadors is unethical. But just as diplomats are responsible for conducting unethical activities, the lack of coexistence between the conflicting political parties in Bangladesh is equally responsible. Bangladesh has progressed a lot now, there has been a lot of progress in economic and social fields. So we need to respect ourselves. There will be problems and they have to be solved through discussion and protest among themselves. All political parties and groups need to get out of the political system of defaming or complaining about the internal affairs of the country. So that foreigners cannot interfere in our internal affairs. Several foreign diplomatic missions in Bangladesh have repeatedly provided fodder for discussions. They are giving many speeches on political issues. The Government of Bangladesh and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs are in close contact with friendly countries. Development and commercial partners may need to know or communicate different things. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs was the competent authority to issue those messages. Not so, the foreign minister and deputy foreign minister of Bangladesh are not friends. But if the ambassadors become critical in the media or in the public sphere, what is the need for diplomatic channels?

  In November last year, Japanese ambassador to Dhaka Ito Naoki drew public attention and criticized the government and related parties by commenting on the voting process in the 2018 elections. This year it is seen that some diplomatic missions could not learn any lesson from that incident.

  This incident reminds us of the limits of foreign diplomatic activity in an independent-sovereign country. Etiquette was the main theme of the discussion about the diplomats’ speeches. Being a foreigner, the native country cannot be admonished or reprimanded. In this regard we may remind them of the principles of the Vienna Convention of 1961. In that convention, states agree on the principles of diplomacy. Article 41 of the agreement states that all persons who enjoy the status and privileges of diplomats in another country shall be bound to abide by the laws and policies of that country. After this, it is said that the urgent instruction is that they cannot interfere in any internal affairs of that country. If this is the limit of diplomacy, then the diplomats of the 13 countries have already crossed it.

Bangladesh is a country of flexible foreign policy and has not yet behaved in any unpleasant way. In consideration of mutual trust, diplomats should reciprocate this behavior with good behavior.

  All the foreign officials, including the United States, who have visited Bangladesh, are doing and will do, have said what they have to say to the government. They did not embarrass the government or themselves by making speeches or statements.

Diplomats in talks are urged to remember the Vienna Convention’s milestones.

The activities of political parties in carrying out election programs are increasing in view of the National Parliament elections. The parties are giving counter programs to increase public participation. At the same time, as the elections are approaching, the activities of foreign diplomats are also increasing. They are making various comments about the election. Not only elections, foreign diplomats are seen to be active whenever there is any political crisis in Bangladesh.

Although the government party sometimes ignores the various comments of the diplomats, the opposition parties always support their comments with ‘importance’. In such a situation, the section of the Vienna Convention that is spoken about by the government is the section 41 of the agreement. It is stated in subsection 1 of this article – “Those who enjoy the status and privileges of diplomats in any other country shall be bound to comply with the laws and policies of that country.” Apart from this, they cannot interfere in any internal affairs of that country.” Nevertheless, diplomats are seen to act on various issues of the country, which is practically a violation of the Vienna Convention. Finally, on July 17, independent candidate Ashraful Alam alias Hero Alam was attacked at a center in Banani of the capital during the by-election polling for Dhaka-17 constituencies. The statement called for a full investigation into the attack on independent candidate Hero Alam and accountability of the culprits. The joint statement was signed by the embassies and high commissions of Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the United States, and the European Union (EU).

The Ministry of Foreign Affairs has warned the ambassadors and heads of missions of those 13 countries for talking about the internal issues of Bangladesh. Ambassadors were called to the Foreign Service Academy for a briefing on Wednesday (July 26). Later, the State Minister of Foreign Affairs spoke to the journalists. Shahriar Alam. He said, “I called the embassies of Dhaka which broke diplomatic norms and gave a joint statement to the media in the context of an unwanted incident centered on Ashraful Hossain alias Hero Alam, an independent candidate of Dhaka-17 constituency, on Wednesday. We expressed our displeasure at their undiplomatic behavior. We have said, this is an isolated incident, which cannot be used to judge the peaceful, fair and free elections of the whole day.’

One or two minor isolated incidents can and do happen in any election center. It happens even in developing countries. The entire electoral system cannot be questioned for that. Just a few days ago, there was widespread violence during the municipal elections in West Bengal, India. There were many casualties. No one was seen to make a statement about those incidents. We think that Bangladesh has the power to take any decision on its own internal matters. We do not think there is any need for foreign intervention here. We would like, in the future, such an undesirable situation will not be created. It’s better for everyone not to be.

By A. Abdul Aziz, Press Secretary,Ahmadiyya Muslim Jama’at – Sri Lanka.

Around 40,000 representatives from all over the world attend the Convention. The Convention began on Friday with the traditional Friday Sermon

The Three day Ahmadiyya Muslim International Convention (JALSA SALANA) commenced yesterday (at 9.00 p.m. SL time) with Flag hoisting followed by silent Prayers led by His Holiness Hazrat Mirza Masroor Ahmad, the World Head (Khalifa) of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community in Alton, Hampshire, U.K. He also delivered his faith inspiring inaugural address. This address focused on the subject of righteousness. He quoted various writings of Founder of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community Hazrat Mirza Ghulam Ahmad – the Promised Messiah and Imam-al-Mahdi, peace be on him, on this subject.

 Dignitaries from all over the world including Sri Lanka are attending the Convention.

Renowned Muslim scholars address this UK convention on topics, which are of grave importance to humanity. Hazrat Mirza Masroor Ahmad, Head of the worldwide Ahmadiyya Muslim Community is expected to   address the gathering on all three days.  Speeches will also be made by the distinguished Non-Muslim guests, MPs from UK and special representatives of some Heads of the state. The addresses in the convention are being simultaneously translated in various languages including English, Arabic, Tamil, French, German and Bengali.  

Tabassum Barnagarwala Courtesy Scroll.In

The pharmaceutical company in question continues operations. The India’s drug regulator has yet to act three months since the problem was flagged.

Three months after the Sri Lankan government flagged infections in at least 50 patients linked to an eye drop made in Gujarat, it is yet to receive a response from Indian drug regulators.

But Sri Lankan health officials have confirmed that they have stopped procuring the eye drop from the manufacturer, Indiana Opthalmics.

Sri Lanka had purchased the methylprednisolone eye drops in March from a Mumbai-based supplier. Sri Lankan health officials told Scroll that cataract patients in three hospitals in Colombo, Gampaha and Nuwara-eliya, who were administered the eye drop, contracted severe infections in April. At least two people have lost their vision.

Prednisolone eye drops are steroids that reduce inflammation, redness, itchiness in the eye, and are often used after cataract surgeries.

The Sri Lankan government first raised an alarm in May and wrote to the Gujarat-based manufacturer, the Mumbai-based supplier Alvita Pharma and the Indian drug regulator about it. Our regulatory authority has not received a response from the manufacturer or Indian authorities so far,” said Professor SD Jayaratne, chairman of Sri Lanka’s National Medicines Regulatory Authority, or NMRA, a government body that regulates drugs, clinical trials and medical devices in the country. In a letter sent to Alvita Pharma, Sri Lankan authorities asked the supplier to recall the eye drop.

Jayratne told Scroll that the NMRA has informed the World Health Organization about laboratory reports that revealed bacterial contamination in the eye drops.

Indiana Ophthalmic exports to over 30 countries. It continues to manufacture the eye drops despite Sri Lanka’s alert.

In the last six months, this is the third instance of ophthalmic products made by Indian companies being red-flagged for poor quality.

In January, the United States announced an import alert against Global Pharma, over contaminated eye drops that led to infections in 68 patients and four deaths. It also found multiple lapses in the manufacturing process of the Chennai-based company.

In February, the World Health Organization issued a medical alert against Galentic Pharma from Maharashtra, over the poor quality of its eye ointment. The alert forced non-profit Médecins Sans Frontières (Doctors Without Borders) and Unicef to stop procurement from Galentic.

Recently, the US Congress’s Energy and Commerce Committee conveyed its concern to the US Food and Drug Administration over the excessive dependence on Chinese and Indian drugs. The letter stated that both the countries repeatedly fail to comply with quality standards.

The complaint by Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka received the supply of methylprednisolone eye drops in March from a Mumbai-based company, Alvita Pharma, which marketed Indiana Ophthalmics products.

According to Dr DRK Herath, deputy director general (medical supply) in Sri Lanka, the first case of infection was reported on April 4.

Several patients who underwent cataract surgery at the National Eye Hospital in Colombo and the District General Hospitals in Gampaha and Nuwara-eliya complained of eye infections.

In Nuwara-eliya hospital, a special committee was appointed to look into this,” said Herath. A microbiologist drew fluid samples from the eyes of infected patients. They tested positive for gram-negative oxydase positive bacteria,” he said.

Gram-negative bacteria are pathogens that are widespread in the environment, and which can lead to vision loss if they cause severe eye infections. The gram-negative pathogen can either spread through non-sterile medical instruments used during surgery or through contaminated eye drops. Hence, during cataract surgery, doctors have to take extreme care and use sterile products.

According to protocol, Herath said, all operation theatre instruments were tested along with the eye drop after the cases increased. The eye drop lab reports came positive for bacteria,” he said.

Jayratne confirmed that the bacterial infection in patients matched with the bacterial contamination in the eye drops.

Following this, Sri Lanka’s National Medicines Regulatory Authority withdrew all methylprednisolone eye drops manufactured by Indiana Ophthalmics. After the product was withdrawn, there were no new cases of infection,” Jayratne said.

Dr ARM Thowfeek, medical director of the National Eye Hospital, told Scroll that two patients who were treated for cataract surgery in his hospital and administered the eye drop have lost their vision. In addition, several patients were referred to us from other hospitals. We treated about 50 of them,” he said.

No action in India

When contacted, Hemant Koshia, Gujarat commissioner of Food and Drug Administration, told Scroll that a team of drug inspectors had visited the Wadhwan plant of Indiana Ophthalmics in Surendranagar.

The inspection found no major deviation” in manufacturing practices, Koshia said.

The samples of their eye drops have been drawn by the CDSCO,” said Koshia, referring to India’s Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation. They are yet to communicate the lab reports.”

The Gujarat Food and Drug Administration has issued a notice to Indiana Ophthalmics after Sri Lanka raised an alert, but allowed the company to continue its manufacturing of ophthalmic products, the commissioner added.

On June 1, the Pharmaceuticals Export Promotion Council of India, or Pharmexcil, an agency under the Union Ministry of Commerce and Industry, issued a notice to Indiana Ophthalmics asking for product details, its licences and details of who it supplied the drug to.

Uday Bhaskar, secretary of Pharmexcil, said the company responded to all their queries. We have not suspended their membership,” he said. It is for the CDSCO to take action against them based on their investigation.”

On May 16, the Sri Lankan cabinet discussed the matter of eye infections and decided to conduct an inquiry and offer compensation to the affected patients.

Herath said they have established beyond doubt that the eye drops were responsible for the infection.

Koshia, however, said that there are no previous complaints about the manufacturer. Indiana Ophthalmics did not respond to an email message from Scroll.

Alvita Pharma, the supplier of the steroid, also did not respond to an email query on the quantity of eye drops recalled.

Nishigandha Pashte, drug inspector in Mumbai, said the Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation has not informed the Maharashtra FDA about the alert. Alvita did not manufacture the product here,” said Pashte. It [is] only labelled and supplied from a third party manufacturer.”

Pashte added that chances of contamination are maximum during the manufacturing stage. Once the bottle is sealed, the distributor has to only transport it,” she said.

KAMALIKA PIERIS

The Tamil Separatist Movement has   cooked up the bogus idea of a separate Tamil Buddhism in the north to prevent Sinhala claims to those ruins. The claim of a Tamil Buddhist heritage in Jaffna is to prove their right to be in the north, observed historian G.V.P.  Somaratne.

But this stunt has met with  opposition within the Tamil Separatist Movement itself. Tamils in Sri Lanka are either Hindu or Christian.No one is Buddhist .Both groups, Christian and Hindu, oppose the idea of a Tamil Buddhist past in the north. A Buddhist past is unpleasant to many Tamils today, observed Somaratne. The paucity of research on the history of Tamil Buddhism in Sri Lanka is another drawback,   he added.

In 1992, Peter Schalk was invited to speak on Tamil Buddhism to a predominantly Hindu audience in Jaffna.  They view Tamil Buddhism as an insignificant phenomenon which does not deserve further attention, Schalk complained.   

There is also the problem of proof. Chola rule in the medieval period is of no use .Velgam Vihara was there before the Cholas came and the Cholas and Pandyas built Hindu temples not Buddhist ones in Sri Lanka.   One solution would be to say that all ruins found in the north and east are Tamil, the rest are Sinhala but that will be dismissed as absurd.

Tamil Separatist Movement argues that the reason there is no proof of Tamil Buddhism in ancient Sri Lanka, is because the ancient writers neglected to record the Tamil Buddhism that was visibly taking place around them. Most Buddhist texts written after the fifth century by Sinhalese Buddhist monks have not given attention to Tamil Buddhism, said Somaratne.

 This is a weak argument.  If Tamil Buddhism had existed, one or two at least of the 7000 odd inscriptions would have been on Tamil Buddhism. A donation to a Tamil Buddhist temple, perhaps. The vamsa writers were so focused on Buddhism that at least one would have made a mention of Tamil Buddhism if such a thing had existed. The logical conclusion would be that Tamil Buddhism is not mentioned because it did not exist.

There is plenty of evidence available even today on Sinhala Buddhism.  Mounds, statues, pillars, bricks, necklaces, pots and so on. Why is there nothing on Tamil Buddhism? If Tamil Buddhism actually existed, artifacts would have appeared and they would not have escaped the notice of modern researchers.

Tamil Buddhism is hardly visible In Ilam, said Peter Schalk who set out to study this elusive subject. There is no historical evidence of any island-born Tamil Buddhists or the existence of Tamil Buddhists in ancient Sri Lanka said Dilrook Kannangara. If so, there is no historical justification for handing the ancient Buddhist shrines to Tamils. That must be prevented at all cost, Dilrook concluded.

Peter Schalk, Professor of History of Religions, Uppsala University, Sweden, did research on Tamil Buddhism. His doctoral thesis was on Sinhala Buddhism, (1972).There is no separate canon for Tamil Buddhism   like the canons in Sanskrit, Pāli, Chinese and Tibetan Buddhism, said Schalk who was looking, it appears, for a Tamil school of Buddhism.  He also added that all the Tamil writings on Buddhism available today, in Tamilnadu, put together will only form one thick volume.   

Schalk established a link between University of Jaffna and Uppsala.  A research group was formed, with two researchers each from Tamilnadu and Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka  researchers were  S Pathamanathan and A Velupillai.  The three publications that   resulted from this project are:

1. Schalk and Velupillai Ed Buddhism among Tamils in Pre-Colonial Tamilakam and Īlam” pt 1 Uppsala. (2002)
2. Schalk and Vēluppiḷḷa Ed Buddhism among Tamils in Pre-Colonial Tami akam and Ilam. Pt 2 Uppsala:  2002.
3. Schalk ed. Buddhism among Tamils in Tamilakam and Īlam Part 3 Extension and Conclusions. Uppsala 2013.

The Tamil-speaking Buddhist communities of southern India and Īlam have been relatively under-studied, said Schalk  The history of Buddhism in Tamil-speaking South India and Sri Lanka has only recently become a topic of serious academic study said Monius.  Both writers speak of Eelam, which they spell as Ilam. They treat Eelam as a reality. They see Tamilnadu and Eelam as one geographic area united by Tamil Buddhism.

Buddhism among Tamils is a territorial concept, announced Schalk.  It is not about doctrinal or ritual matters, but about possession of land. Tamil Buddhism was a political concept in the Tamil resistance movement.  

Tamil Buddhism, when encountering political Sinhala Buddhism, transforms from a religious into a political category. It claims the right of possession and control over territory observed Schalk. Tamil politicians are pushing the notion of Tamil Buddhism to stop the re-conquest” of the north, by delivering historical counter arguments to Sinhala Buddhism

The maps in the third volume display the political nature  of  the book. There are two maps a) Provisional map of Tamilakam and Īlam and b) Map of the territory of the projected state of Tamil īlam as part of the island. Map made and distributed by the Tamil Resistance Movement.

The photographs are not on Tamil Buddhism either. They are all    pro –Eelam and anti Sinhala. One photo is titledAn all-Sinhala road sign post located in Pūnakarijunction in theNorth” (2011)and anther is on Kantarōṭai changed into Kadurugoḍa”.( 2011)

 Some photos are on the recent intrusion of Sinhala Buddhism into the north. There is one on   a newly constructed stūpa at Māṅkuḷam junction. (2010), newly renovated vihāraya in Kiḷinocci town, (2011) a vihāraya built on the Iraṇaimaṭu river bank in Kiḷinocci covering a Caiva kōvil.  (2010) and the newly constructed residence for the Buddhist monks in Tirukkētīsvaram. (2011)

There are photos of various aspects of the Eelam war.  One photo is on destruction of LTTE cemeteries, with others on damaged hospitals (2011) and displaced Tamils. (2012) Photos show  a war monument located in Āṉaiyiṟavu (Elephant Pass)   (2011), war monument in Mantuvil in Putukutirippu  (2011) and the  plaque describing the significance of the war monument, war monument at Muḷḷivāykkāl, and  the destruction by the Sri Lankan Armed Forces of a LTTE war monument. (2004).

Lastly there are photographs on post-war activities of the army in the north. A photo of military-run fruit cultivation in Utayārkattukuḷam (2011), a military-run restaurant at Parantaṉ junction on A9 road in Kiḷinocci (2010), and another one  in Muḷḷaittīvu . (2011). The last photo is on war tourism by Sinhala Buddhists in Mantuvil in Putukuṭiyiruppu (2011). (continued)

Insight By Sunil Kumar For LankaWeb

If anyone is wondering how Canada’s Prime Minister Mr. Justin Trudeau suddenly became very sympathetic towards Sri Lanka Tamils and even emphasized the term ‘Genocide’ towards his parlance and coined it with what he termed the massacre of Tamils in Sri Lanka which is a downright misrepresentation of facts, here then is what appears to be the sudden empathy by Mr. Trudeau towards Sri Lanka Tamils where the source for all his rhetoric could more than likely be his ties and close associations with Sri Lanka born Anandasangaree named here whom he has suddenly chosen as a new Cabinet Minister.

There are others too of Sri Lankan origin both in the past and present who can also be named with political links who have contributed towards bringing disrepute to Sri Lanka purely for political objectives relative to the Tamil conflict whose representations have proven to be unacceptable by the Government of Sri Lanka due to their distorted nature and probably will not hold up in an international court of justice..

Perhaps no rocket science needed to draw this conclusion as the name Anandsangaree seems synonymous with the somewhat  controversial group in Sri Lanka the TULF with links to the Tamil Tigers. the TNA and the deposed LTTE who  in their continued attempts to discredit the Government of Sri Lanka globally and have never let off on their campaign to dishonour and discredit and surely Mr.Trudeau seems to have picked up their tune and has even started dancing to it with aplomb albeit slightly out of tune and step and not applauded by those who know the real story as a remarkable falsification and distortion of facts and reality simply to serve their own objectives.

While the news is that Sri Lankan born Tamil MP Gary Anandasangaree has been appointed as a Cabinet Minister in the Canadian Government it also brings to bear that.

Gary Anandasangaree is the son of former MP and Tamil United Liberation Front (TULF) leader Veerasingham Anandasangaree a veritable trouble maker who has a reputation for his incongruous political involvements with the GOSL.

Anandasangaree Jr. was among seven rookie MPs who have been promoted to Prime Minister Justin Trudeau’s Cabinet following a major reshuffling on Wednesday.

Gary Anandasangaree was first elected in 2015 as the MP for the Toronto riding of Scarborough-Rouge Park.

On Wednesday, he was sworn in as Minister of Crown-Indigenous Relations, a position previously held by Marc Miller.

Anandasangaree had previously served as the Parliamentary Secretary to the Crown-Indigenous Relations Minister, as well as to the Justice and Heritage Ministers.

Born in Sri Lanka, he arrived in Canada with his mother in 1983.

Anandasangaree holds degrees from Carleton University in Ottawa and Osgoode Hall Law School in Toronto.

He managed a law firm in Scarborough that focused on business, real estate and international human rights law, and has represented the organization Lawyers’ Rights Watch Canada at the United Nations.

He has also been involved with Tamil community organizations which realistically continue lobbying and protesting against the Sri Lanka Government actions against the  deposed Tamil terrorist  led internal armed insurrection which has  never been proven as unjustified as it was in defense of sovereign territory and the integrity towards the preservation of Sri Lanka which took 3 1/2 decades to overcome.

It also needs to be noted that In March 2023, Mr. Anandasangaree made the news for unsavoury comments he made on Sri Lanka, calling it “a failed and bankrupt state.” which he obviously knew little or nothing about beyond perhaps the tones of dissention of his parental peers, and is some gratitude for the land he was born and educated in  where his father continues to ply his trade as a wayward politician always involved in anti governmental dissent and still campaigning for the secession of Sri Lanka and a resurgence of their bridge too far namely Tamil Eelam and the Tamil Tigers.which Canadian PM Trudeau is perhaps inadvertently supportive of  despite ironically being outlawed in Canada and has made himself an accessory against Sri Lanka’s right to defend herself against her enemies while accolading their activities in Canada.

Surely the proof  in the pudding for Mr Trudeau’s empathy towards Tamil platforms against Sri Lanka despite the good diplomatic ties between the two countries..

by Garvin Karunaratne

We have seen two- the Janasaviya and Samurdhi in action and now are about to march further and have another- Aswesuma.

I came to know the Janasaviya, when at the behest of Governor of the Central Province, Mr Imbulana I wrote out the Programme for the economic development of the Central Province. That was in 1993, when I casually ran into him and he accused me of not working for my Motherland. I undertook a two weeks’ study and assessment of what has happened in the field of development. The Janasaviya was the brains of my friend Susil Siriwardena at best. Its greatness was that while providing financial help, it was also to guide and train people to become productive. Sad to say the sudden demise of President Premadasa saw to the end of that great programme. Susil’s great idea of making the people productive- train them and make them produce died a natural death.

My Programme was to enable every person in the Central Province to become productive, producing something that was required for our country and the plan was to include training, production and marketing. The Governor Mr Imbulana was highly taken up and even before the Central Government could read and understand that programme he commenced implementing it in two Grama Sevaka areas at Hasalaka and Nawalapitiya. It was a per person process of assessment and action through Grama Sevakas- a massive undertaking to make everyone productive- the equal of what was done in the Comilla Programme of Bangladesh in the Kotwali Thana- where over a period of some eight years, professors from Michigan State University and the legendary Akhter Hameed Khan as director of the Comilla Academy did make the Kotwali Thana a highly productive area, doubling the yield of paddy and creating a situ of full employment.

My Programme became stillborn-It was unfortunate that the UNP, was defeated in the election.

Then came Samurdhi, the brainchild of Chandrika . At the beginning- for years- it was only a grant of money per low incomes family and later on, a half hearted attempt was made for the receipients to be involved in some training, which was not really organized – at times it was making the receipients to attend to cleaning the compound of the Mawaranadiya temple adjoining our land. For years seated in the verandah of my home on the main bus route, I have watched people known to me from the village marching on the appointed day to get their goodies. Some of the receipients later were even accompanied by their servants to carry the goodies home. However Samurdhi marched on to become more savings oriented and became a massive programme of goodies. Training people to make them productive unfortunately, lost ground.

And now we come to Aswesuma, which according to all what I have read is a financial grant- perhaps the reading on the wall is- creating the groundwork for a walk over for our President in a future presidential election.

To my thinking what is wrong with Samudhi is – if I am to speak figuratively- is to Provide Fish, rather than teach the people to Fish. This is where we come to the great idea that Susil Siriwardena had in Janasaviya where the attempt was for training the people to become productive.

My thinking is that in any programme of development, making people productive- train them and provide for production comes to be of the greatest importance and this pays heavy dividends in foreign currency when something imported is made locally. Then the sweat of our people create dollars in reality. We need no longer beg for funds from anyone if our people can be trained to become productive. The Crayon Factory that I through the member of parliament Sumanapala Dahanayake established at Morawaka under the Divisional Development Councils Programme in 1971 did produce crayons of high quality and when Mr Illangaratne the Minister for Industries came to know of it banned the import of crayons to our country. This saved dollars that we had spent on imports. I would request our present leaders to think and include this training and productive element in any future programme.

This however is easier said than done and perhaps a rear instance of success is in the Comilla Programme of Rural Development which I have quoted earlier. The only other instance of success known to me is in the Youth Self Employment Programme of Bangladesh, where I trained all youth workers in economics- in the art of finding the problems the youth faced in becoming employed- to produce something that Bangladesh needed and training the youth to produce it. The youth workers excelled in engaging the youth training them informally, – it became a massive youth movement where the youth undertook to assess the needs of the people and make something that could be sold. This has been a great success- we never gave anything free to entice them, but we provided ideas for them to rear cattle, buy chicks and ducklings even saving the measly stipend we paid them while they were in training, invest it in buying ducklings and rear them to growth- our youths marched with the ducklings in water logged ponds during the day and in a few months found that they laid eggs that could find a market. That was how that great programme was built up- to move on to make as much as three million youths self employed in the period 1983 to now.

The elite members of the Bangladesh Civil Service who worked with me day in day out in my two year consultancy continued the programme of creating self employment and training the younger officials to continue and develop the programme that has today flowered to be the largest and most successful employment creation programme the world has known. I hold a great regard for members of that Civil Service Asafudddowlah, Ayubur Rahaman, Shaidul Alam, Shamsuddin for having marched on. I purposely quote their names merely to prove that I speak of a real programme that did exist and is being continued today.

Let us look at the economic condition in our Sri Lanka today. According to the facts given by our Department of Census and Statistics, the poverty line was 6177 in 2016 and this has increased to as much as 13,777 in 2022. It is important to note that this increase has added as much as 2.5 million to the poverty fold. As one of our most respected economists- Dr CS Weeraratne says. A recovery and expansion of wage employment in the services and industry sectors will be the key to shift employment from lower paying agricultural jobs and make a dent on poverty”. (The Island; 11/7/23) Again according to the World Food Programme, 6.3 million or nearly 30% of Sri Lanka’s population are food insecure… of these around 5.3 million people are either reducing mealsor skipping meals… this situ is likely to worsen due to high food prices, acute shortage of essential food weak purchasing power etc.”

To drag my experience, I may added that agriculture itself should be developed to find incomes for the people on one hand and also to provide the food that is today being imported. As an instance if we can train school leavers and farmers in our dry zone to turn the melon, red pumpkin, ash pumpkin that is available in plenty from December 2023 to February 2024, we can become self sufficient in making all our jam , fruit juice within a few months. The Dry Zone in Anurdahpura and Tissamahaframa is replete with lush mangoes that can be turned into a fruit drink, to jam and to Mango Chutney all items that are imported by us today. . Of course it requires a massive effort at training the school leavers in schools and the womenfolk in the colonies on how to make. It can be commenced as a pilot programme via the Grama Niladharis and Divisional Secretaries, organized using the schools after schooling hours and end up with Canning Factories scattered in the Dry Zones.

It is a task that can be done, something which I am certain of achieving if called upon. I have done this type of thing earlier and can do it again. This is an idea that may get the attention of our Prime Minister.

Garvin Karunaratne former GA Matara. Consultant to the Bangladesh Ministry of Labour and Manpower in 1981-1983.

26072023.

 Maneka Sanjay Gandhi, MP India

Your government is about to bring in an Act on Animal Welfare which will actually work against the principles of animal welfare . I have a written a small piece and I would be grateful if you could highlight it so that it can be corrected before it is too late . I am putting it down below: 

“I am appealing to the President and the Government of Sri Lanka NOT to pass a supposed Animal Welfare Act which is in reality a pro butcher , anti animal Act. I can understand this happening in any other country but Sri Lanka which is gentle and so close to nature ?

This Act  should be one of the finest in the world because you could learn from the mistakes made by the Indian Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act 1960. However , in the last six decades we have done much to improve it by bringing in additional acts.

Instead you are bringing in an Act which will increase the suffering of animals and make the animal welfare movement which is growing fast, much weaker.

None of the Amendments to the Act of 2022 are going to help animals. They are clearly going to help the lobbies that exploit animals cruelly.

The Act exempts animals slaughtered for food from being in its ambit of protection. Anyone who has seen the way slaughterhouses treat animals, the way pigs are stabbed repeatedly  after being kept in miserable conditions and have their hair pulled out manually to be sold for paintbrushes before killing them , the way chickens are carried upside down and have their throats slit while their heads are squeezed under feet , to see calves crowded into trucks and repeatedly hammered to death , to  see cows being injected daily by a drug called oxytocin so that they go into labour pains twice a day and their milk gushes out …. It is useless to make an Act protecting dogs and cats and guinea pigs when 90% of the violence on animals is on farm animals. This is utterly retrograde.

In India all experiments on animals are forbidden in school and college teaching centres and the CPCSEA is a body that regulates any research that involves animals. Most experiments are now through computers.Your Act exempts live animals in experiments from protection , allowing them to be used in teaching or any experiment without any regulation or thought of their well being. There are international guidelines for accepting any research and unless Sri Lanka adopts the 3 Rs – Replacement, Reduction and Refinement – and switches to alternatives, most of your research will not accepted as science anywhere in the world.

 India has banned the use of animals in cosmetics. We have even stopped cosmetics from being sold that have been experimented on abroad. But now you have , in this new Act, allowed the use of live animals in experiments on cosmetics. Are you going back 30 years ? Do you want Sri Lankan monkeys to eat 50 lipsticks at a time till they die ? Or rabbits to have hairspray put into their eyes in the Draize test till they break their neck struggling against the pain.

I am told that the use of animals for cultural events has also been allowed. Cultural events in India mean whipping cows to death to make them run like horses , through rivers of water, it means animal sacrifices in temples, it means cock fighting, it means feeding animals alcohol and then jumping on them as they run crazed through the streets. Is this what you will allow ? It also includes eating animals like dogs for food in Nagaland and cats by tribals in Chennai. Does any of this this fit into a humane culture ?

Basically this is an Act that allows and condemns animals to permanent suffering without legal address while pretending to do the opposite. Ultimately it is meant for people who bring in foreign dogs and cats and are sometimes mean to them.

Any right thinking government that represents the culture of this beautiful island will not do this. It will bring a huge backlash internationally.

Maneka Sanjay Gandhi, Member of Parliament

14 Ashoka Road

New Delhi 110001

India

චන්ද්‍රසේන පණ්ඩිතගේ විසිනි

අපේ රටේ දෙමළ ජනතාවට ඇත්තේ කුඩම්මලාගේ සැලකිලිලු. එසේ කියන්නේ, මෙරට රාජ්‍ය පාලනය කල ද්‍රවිඩ ජාතික රජෙක්වූ ශ්‍රී වික්‍රම රාජසිංහ රජතුමාව බලයෙන් පහකොට, පසුව රටෙන්ද පිටුවහල් කර දැමු ඉංග්‍රීසි ජාතිකයින්ය.

“ඈ බොල ——- පුත්‍රයනි! තොප එදා අපේ සිංහල ජනප්‍රධානින්ට, මහජාතියට අයත් නොවෙන රජෙක් කොහොමද සිංහලයින්ව පාලනය කරන්නේ?” යන ප්‍රශ්නය සමාජගත කොට, ජාතිබේදය ව්‍යාප්ත කොට, ඉන් නොනැවතී, එදා සිංහලේට හදුන්වා දුන් නව ව්යාවස්තාව වන උඩරට ගිවිසුමහි 2වන වගන්තියෙන්,

‘සිංහලේ ආණ්ඩු කිරීමට දෙමළ වර්ගයට ඇත්තාවූ සියලුම අයිතිකම් නැතිකරන්ඩද, විනාශ කරන්ඩද යෙදුන වග මෙයින් එළිදරවු කරණුය’

යනුයෙන් ව්යාවස්තානුගත් නීතියක් බවට පත්කරනු ලැබුයේ තොපම නොවේද”යි  සුද්දන්ගෙන් ඇසීමට කිසිවෙක් ඉදිරිපත් නොවෙනුයේ, පිට කොන්දේ ඇති කසේරුකාවන්ගේ අඩුවක් බැවිනි.

1818 කැරැල්ලේදී හා 1848 කරල්ලේදීද ජාතික නායකත්වයට රාජකීය ලේ උරුමයක් ඇති අයෙකු සොයමින්, දෙමළ අයෙක්ව නායකත්වයට පත්කරගැනීමට එදා සිංහල සටන්කාමින් කටයුතු කලේ ඔවුන්තුල ජාතිවාදය කිසිසේත්ම කිදාබැසගෙන නොතිබුන බැවිනි. සිංහලයා හා සිංහලකම යනු විශේෂිත දෙයකි. මේ රටේ සම්ප්‍රධානුකුලාව රජවූ සෑම ද්‍රවිඩ රජෙක්ම සිංහලේට උචිත නමක් ගත අතර බුදු දහමට ප්‍රමුඛ තැන ලබාදී රට පාලනය කිරීම තුලින් ජාතික සමගිත ආරක්ෂා කිරීමට වගබලාගත්හ.

අද දෙමල ප්‍රජාව හිතන්නේ, සිංහල අපි ඒ අයගේ සතුරන් කියාය. ඔවුන්ට කිසිම බලයක් නොදෙන්නේද සිංහලයන්ය කියාය.එසේ කියමින් ඔවුන් සුද්දන්ගේ පසුපසම යන්නේ ඉතිහාසය ගැන කිසිවක් නොදන්නවුන්සේය.

මේ සෙල්ලමෙන් සිංහල හා දෙමල ජනතාව සමගිවිමක් නොව තව තව දුරස්තවිමක් සිදුවේ.

ලෝකයේ සෑම තැනකම බොරදියේ මාළුබාන සුද්දෝ, ශ්‍රී ලංකාවේද මාළු බෑම ආරම්භ කලේ දෙමළ ප්‍රජාවගේ ආරක්ෂකයෙකුගේ වෙස් අරගෙනය. එහි පලයක් වශයෙන්, ඔවුන්ගේ අනුග්‍රහය මත.ඉන්දියාව බලහත්කාරකම් පා මෙරටට 13 වෙනි ආණ්ඩුක්‍රම ව්‍යාවස්තා සංශෝධනය හදුන්වා දුන්හ.

මේ 13 වෙනි ආණ්ඩුක්‍රම ව්‍යාවස්ථා සංශෝධනය හදුන්වා දුන් පළමු දිනාදීම මුළුමහත් ලෝකයා හමුවේම බලගතු රාජ්‍යක නායෙකයෙකුවූ රජීව් ගාන්ධි රයිෆල් බට් පහරකට ලක්ව අවමානයට ලක්වූ අතර, ඔහු විසින් ආරක්ෂා කොට රැකගත්, ඒ ත්‍රස්තවාදින්ගේම ගොදුරක්බවට පත්ව මියදුනහ.

13 මෙන්ම 13 වෙනි ආණ්ඩුක්‍රම ව්‍යාවස්තා සංශෝධනයද ඇති භයානක බව මෙයින් තේරුම්ගත යුතුය.

මේ ව්‍යාවස්ථා සංශෝධනයෙන් පසු උතුරේ මහා ඇමති බවට පත්වූ සියලුම මහා ඇමතිවරු, තම පළාතේ සංවර්ධනය කර එහි වාසය කරන ජනතාවගේ ගැටළු විසදනවා වෙනුවට බටහිර න්‍යාය පත්‍රයන්ට අනුකුලව කටයුතු කර දෙමල ජනතාවව සිංහල ජනතාවගේ  සතුරන් ලෙසම තබා ගැනීමට වෙර දැරුහ. එහි පලයක් වශයෙන් මෙරට ජනතාවට පළාත් සභා අවශ්‍ය නැති අංගයක්ය යන්න ප්‍රත්‍යක්ෂ වී හමාරය.

දැන් ඉන්දීය අගමැති රජිව්ගේ කාර්යභාරයට අතගසා එදා ජේ.ආර්. ජයවර්ධනයන්ට සිදුකල ආකාරයේම බලපෑම් රනිල් වික්‍රමසිංහයන්ට සිදුකරමින් සිටි. රනිල් වික්‍රමසිංහ යනු පාර්ලිමේන්තුවේ එක චන්දයක් උරුම අයෙකි. ද්‍රවිඩ නායකයින් මුළු රටේම විරෝධය මේ සඳහා නිර්මාණය කරගෙන ඇති බැවින් පාර්ලිමේන්තුවේදී 13 නැවත බල ගැන්විය නොහැකි බව පැහැදිලිය. දැන් ජනාධිපති රනිල් වික්‍රමසිංහයන්ද  නිදහස්ය. ඉන්දීය අගමැතිටද මෙය පැහැදිලි විය යුතුය. එතුමා අසල්වැසි රටවල අභ්‍යන්තර කටයුතු වලට මැදිහත් නොවී සිටීම ගුණදායක බව අපේ මතයයි. අපිට හොඳ අසල වැසියෙකුගේ අවශ්‍යතාවය තදින්ම දැනේ.

Media Release High Commission of Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka’s High Commissioner to India Milinda Moragoda attended a closed-door panel discussion organized by the Indian Council of World Affairs (ICWA), New Delhi on ‘Economic Recovery of Sri Lanka & Visit of the President of Sri Lanka H.E. Ranil Wickremesinghe to India’ as the lead speaker recently.

Opening his remarks, the High Commissioner stated that the Sri Lankan President thanked the Indian Prime Minister and his government for the financial assistance rendered during the recent economic crisis which served as the lifeline towards laying the critical initial steps towards economic stabilization. He also stated that the future India-Sri Lanka cooperation would mainly focus on connectivity and investment which will be founded on a vibrant economic integration strategy.   

High Commissioner Moragoda went onto elaborate the significance of India-Sir Lanka relations and the special status it has reached in the recent past. Commenting on the recent visit of the President of Sri Lanka to New Delhi, High Commissioner stated that the visit not only further strengthened the existing bilateral relationship, but laid a solid foundation towards a vibrant India-Sri Lanka economic partnership.

Further, the High Commissioner also explained the broader contours mentioned in the joint vision statement along with the importance of MoUs that were signed and underlined the necessity of both countries working towards reaping mutual benefits founded on the key pillars of connectivity and integration, which are expected to be implemented through five key enablers stated in the India-Sri Lanka Economic Partnership Vision.    

Ambassador Ashok Kantha, former Indian High Commissioner to Sri Lanka, and Ambassador Mohan Kumar, Professor, and Dean of the Office of International Affairs and Global Initiatives, Jindal University also shared their views on the theme along with High Commissioner Moragoda. 

The ICWA was established in 1943 by a group of eminent intellectuals led by Sir Tej Bahadur Sapru and Dr. H.N. Kunzru. Its principal objective was to create an Indian perspective on international relations and act as a repository of knowledge and thinking on foreign policy issues. The ICWA is funded by the Ministry of External Affairs and enjoys full autonomy. Ambassador Vijay Thakur Singh, Director General – ICWA, former Indian diplomats, officials of the ICWA, and members of the leading New Delhi based Think Tanks were also present at the event along with scholars and research personalities.

ආචාර්‍ය සුදත් ගු ණසේකර මහනුවර

රාජ්‍යක මූලික වගකීම් 3 වූ රක්ෂ, (රටේ ආරක්ෂාව) පාලන (නීතිය සහ සාමය පවත්වාගෙන යාම සහ යෝගක්ෂේම (ජනතා ශුභසෙත) යන මූලික යුතුම් තුනෙන් එකක් හෝ අවම වශයෙන්වත් ඉටුනොකරණ විෂ්ව විකුර්ථියක් සහ ලෝක විහිලුවක් බවට පත්ව ඇති ලන්කාවේ වර්ථමාන ආණ්ඩුව නඩත්තු කිරීම සඳහා වසරකට මහජන මුදල් රුපියල් බිලියන 4,472 (කෝටි 44,720 ක්) නාස්ති කරන්නේ  ඇයි?.

අද මේ රටේ තිබෙන්නේ කෞටිල්‍ය විසින් පෙන්වා දෙනලද රාජ්‍යක මූලික වගකීම් 3 වූ රක්ෂ,පාලන සහ යෝගක්ෂේම (ජනතා ශුභසෙත)  යන මූලික යුතුකම් තුනෙන් එකක් හෝ අවම වශයෙන්වත් ඉටුකිරීමට අපොහොසත්වූ රජයකි. එසේම මේ රටේ දැනට පවතින   රජය  2019 සහ 2020 මැතිවරණයන්ගෙන් ජයග්‍රහණය කළ නායකයින් සින්හල බෞද්ධ විරෝධී දෙස් විදෙස් ඒකාබද්ධ කුමන්ත්‍රණයකින් පළවාහැරීමෙන් පසු 2019 සහ 2020  ප්‍රකාෂිතවු ජනතා අපේක්ෂාවන් සහ අභිලාශයන් මුළුමනින්ම පාවාදෙමින් ඊට ඉඳුරාම ප්‍රතිවිරුද්ධ ප්‍රතිපත්ති ඇති  2020 දී ජනතාව විසින් ප්‍රතික්ෂේප කොට, දේශපාලන වණසණ්ඩයට යැවූ,  පාර්ලිමේන්තුවේ එකද අසුනක් හෝ නැති පුද්ගලයකු ඊනියා ව්‍යවස්ථාවයයි කියන අධිරාජ්‍යවාදි නෂ්ඨාවශේෂ උගුලේ හිදැසකින් තමන්ගේ ගැළවුම් කාරයා වශයෙන්, අභිෂේක කොට සෑම අතින්ම විකුර්තියක් වූ  කිසිදු ජනතා වරමක් නැති රජයකි. තව දුරටත් ජනතාවගේ හා රටේ යහපත පසෙක තබා දේශපාලකයින්ගේ ආත්මාර්ථය සඳහා පමණක් ක්‍රියාත්මකවන ලෝක  විහිලුවක් බවට මේ රජය දැන්  පත්ව ඇත.

මෙම පසුබිම තුල මා ජාතිය හමුවේ තබන ප්‍රශ්නය මෙයයි. රට ජාතිය විනාශය කරාම දක්කාගෙන යන, ප්‍රජාතන්ත්‍ර විරෝදී, සදාචාර විරෝදී ජනතා වරමක් නැති එවැනි ආණ්ඩුවක් නඩත්තු කිරීම සඳහා වසරකට මහජන මුදල් රුපියල් බිලියන 4,472 (කෝටි 44,720 ක්) නාස්ති කරමින් මේ රට සහ ජාතිය පූර්ණ විනාශය කරාම ඇදගෙන යාමට දී නිහඬව බලාසිටින්නේ ඇයි?

ඉහත සඳහන් වන පරිදි මෙයින් රජයේ ආදායම් සහ ප්‍රදාන මගින්  බලාපොරුත්තුවනුයේ 45% බවද ශේෂය 55% ණය මගින් ලබා ගැනීමට අපේක්ෂා කරන බවද ඉහතින් සඳන් වෙයි. රජයේ ආදායම් සහ ප්‍රදාන මගින් බලාපොරුත්තුවන 45% බොහෝ විට නොළැබීම සාමාන්‍ය සම්ප්‍රදායයි. එසේවූ විට රාජ්‍ය වියදම් පියවා ගැනීම සඳහා තවත් ණය ගතයුතුවේ. මේ අනුව රාජ්‍ය පවත්වාගෙන යාමට සිදුව ඇත්තේ රාජ්‍ය වියදමෙන් 65% කට වැඩි මුදලක් ණයට ගෙනයයි උපකල්පනය කළ හැක . (Source: CBSL as given in google)

මේ අණුව වසරකට මහජන මුදල් රුපියල් බිලියන 4,472 (කෝටි 44,720 ක්) නාස්ති කරමින්, රාජ්‍යක මූලික වගකීම් 3 වූ රක්ෂ,පාලන සහ යෝගක්ෂේම (ජනතා ශුභසෙත) යන මූලික යුතුකම් තුනෙන් එකක් හෝ නිසිපරිදි ඉටු  නොකරන, ජනාධිපති වරයෙකු ප්‍රධානකොට ඇති අගමැති වරයකු සහිත 60 දෙනෙකුගෙන් පමණ සමන්විත ඇමති/රාජ්‍ය ඇමති මණ්ඩලයක් සහ 225 ක පාර්ලිමේන්තුවක් මෙන්ම  දේශපාලන අනාතයින් වූ ආණ්ඩුකාරයින් 9 දෙනකු ඇතුලු රටට හා ජනතාවට කිසිදු ප්‍රයෝජනයක් නැති එසේම මේ රටේ වසර දහස් ගණනක් තිබුණු විශිෂ්ඨ දිසා  පාලනය අවුල් ජාලයක් බවට පත්කළ 8000 ක් පමණවන පලාත් සභා මන්ත්‍රීවරුන් සහ ලක්ශ 16 ක පමණ වන රාජ්‍ය නිලධාරීන්ගෙන් සමන්විත රජයක්  කියන ලෝක  විහිලුවක් ලෝකයෙන් ණය ලබාගෙන මේ රටේ පවත්වාගෙන යන්නේ ඇයි යන ප්‍රශ්නය මේ රටේ සමස්ථ ජනතාවම මහමඟට බැස ඇසියයුතු කාලය දැන් එළඹ ඇතැයි මම සිතමි

පාර්ලිමේන්තුවේ අද මන්ත්‍රීවරුන් 225 ක් සිටියත් රටේ කිසිම ආසනයකට මන්ත්‍රී වරයෙකුද නැත.මහජන චන්දයෙන් පත් උනායයි  කියන 196 අමතරව ජාතික ලැයිස්තුව නම්වූ ජනතාවගේ නියෝජිතයින් නොවන ඊනියා නියෝජිත ප්‍රජාතන්ත්‍රවාදය විහිලුවක් බවට පත්කොට ඇති ජනතාවට වග නොකියන පක්ෂ නායකයින්ගේ එහෙයියන් පමණක් වන තවත් පරපුට්ටන් 29 කි. මොවුන් වගකියන්නේ තම පක්ෂ නායකයින්ට පමණි. එහෙත් මෙයද තරු හතේ ප්‍රජාතන්ත්‍ර වාදයයැයි කියත්. 

පාර්ලිමේන්තුව යනු ජාතියේ උත්තරීතර ව්‍යවස්ථාදායකයයැයි කියවේ. ඒ අනුව එහි මූලික වගකීම රට තුල යහපාලනය ගෙනයාම සඳහා අවශ්‍ය නීති සම්පාදනායයයි. පාර්ලිමේන්තුව සම්පාධනය කලද ඒවා දෙස විමර්ෂනයෙන් බලනවිට පැහැදිළිවන ප්‍රධාන කරුණ වන්නේ ඒ සෑම නීතියක්ම සම්මත කර තිබෙන්නේ මේ පිස්සන්කොටුව තුල සිටින මහජන නියෝජිතයින් යයි කියාගන්නා දේශපාලකයින්ගේ බලය තහවුරු කරගැනීම, සුඛවිහරණය, වරප්‍රසාධ සහ ආරක්ෂාවට මිස ඉහතින් සඳහන්කරණලද රාජ්‍යයක උසස් අරමුණු ඉටුකරගැනීමට නම් නොවන බව කිව යුතුය. විශේෂයෙන්ම 1977 න් පසු මේ පාර්ලිමේන්තුවෙ සම්මත කරණලද නීති පරීක්ෂා කරණවිට මෙම තත්වය මැනවින් පැහැදිළි වේ. මෙම කරුණු දෙස විමසිල්ලෙන් බලනවිට කිසිම නීත්‍යානුකූල මහජන නියෝජිතත්වයක් නැති සෑම අතින්ම විකුර්තිවූ මේ පාර්ලිමේන්තුව මෙන්ම රජයද තවදුරටත් පවත්වාගෙනයාමේ කිසිම තේරුමක් නැති බව දෑසම අන්ධ අයෙකුට වුවද මැනවින් පැහැදිළිවනු නොඅනුමානය.

 මේ අතර වර්තමානයේ ශ්‍රී ලන්කාව වැටී ඇති (නෑ නෑ 1977 සිට දේශපාලුවන් විසින්[S1]  ඇද දමා ඇති) අතිශයින්ම අභාග්‍යසම්පන්න මෙන්ම භයානක හා හිඟන තත්වයෙන් ගොඩ ගැනීමට ඇති එකම විසඳුම රාජ්‍ය ආයතන ප්‍රතිව්‍යුහගත කිරීම/ විකීණීම පමණකැයි කියන දේශපාලන ගිරවුන්ගෙන් සහ එම භයානක ක්‍රියාවළිය අනුමතකරමින් නිහඬව සිටින ආර්ථික විද්‍යාඥයින්ගෙන් සහ නිළධාරීන්ගෙන් මම පහත සඳහන් ප්‍රශ්න කීපය අසමි.

1ප්‍රතිව්‍යුහගතකිරීම කියන්නේත් විකුණනවා කින්නේත් එකමද.එසේ නොමැතිනම් ප්‍රතිව්‍යුහගතකිරීම  යන්න විකීණීම යන වචනයට සොයාගත් තවත් එක් අළුත් පර්‍යාය වචනයක්ද. අප දන්නා සින්හල අනුවනම් ප්‍රතිව්‍යුහගත කිරීම යන්නෙන් අදහස් කරන්නේ පවතින ව්‍යුහයක් වෙනස්කිරීම මිස විකිණීම නොවේ

2.ජනතා ඇසට වැළිගසා සිදුකිරීමට යන මේ රාජ්‍ය ආයතන හා රාජ්‍ය දේපල විදේශීන්ට විකිනීමෙන් සිදුවන්නේ රට විදේශිකයින් සතු කිරීමයි.

3අපි මෙවා විකුණනවා කියා ඇත්ත නොකියා ප්‍රතිව්‍යුහගත කරණවා කියා දේශපාලන බොරු කියන්නේ ඇයි

4.ලාභ නොලබන ආයතනවලට දේශපාලන හෙන්චය්යන් පත් නොකොට ඒවා ලාභ ලබන ආයතන බවට පත් කිර්‍රිමට හැකි අදාල වුර්තීය සුදුසුකම් ඇති පුද්ගලයන් පත්කොට ඒවා ජාතික සම්පත් බවට පරිවර්තනය නොකොට විකුනන්නේ ඇයි.

5 එයාර් ලන්කා, දුම් රිය, කොලඹ, ත්‍රිකුණාමලේ සහ කන්සන්තුරේ ඇතුලු ප්‍රධා වරායන්, ගුවන් තොටුපල, ත්‍රිකුණාමලේ හෙක්ටෙයාර්  5261 ක භූමි භාගයකුත් සමඟ තෙල් ටැන්කි 100 ක්, ටෙලිකොම් සහ ශ්‍රී ලන්කා ඉන්ෂුවරන්ස් වැනි ධන උල්පත් සියල්ල විකිණීමට සිඅය්ළු කටයුතු දැනටමත් අවසන්කොට ඇතැයි කියවේ.විකුණා අනතුරුව ලන්කාව සතු නැව් කීපය සහ ලන්කා ගමනාගමන මණ්ඩලයද  විකුනනවා සිකුරුයි.

6.ලාභ ලබන ආයතන නොවිකුනා පාඩු ලබන ආයතන පමණක් වික්කොත් ඔබලාට ලැබෙන කොමිස් මුදල මඳි නිසාද ලාභ නොලබන විකුනන්නේ.

7 ලාභ ලබන, නොලබන ආයතන සියල්ලම වික්කොත් රටේ ආර්ථිකයට ඉතිරිවන්නේ මොනවාද

8.මේ අන්දමින් රාජ්‍ය ආයතන 430 ගණනක් වික්කොත් එම ආයතවල දැනට රැකියා කරණ ලක්ශ සන්ක්‍යාත සේවක්යින්ගේ රැකියා අහිමිවන්නේ නැද්ද. ඔවුන්ගේ දරුපවුල්වල ලක්ෂ ගානක් ජීවත් කරන්නේ කෙසේද. ඔවුන්ට කන්ට අඳින්ට දෙන්නේ කවුද.

9. මේ රටේ සියළුම ආර්ථික මර්මස්ථාන මේ අන්දමින් විදේශීන්ට විකිණීමෙන් පසු රැකියා අහිමිවන පිරිස් විදේසීන්ගේ ආයතනවල වහලුන්මෙන් අඩු වැටුපකට විදේසීන්ට සේවය කොට ඔවුන්ගේ රටවල් සන්වර්ධනය කරණු බලා ඔබලා ලබන් සතුට කුමක්ද.

10. සියලුම රාජ්‍ය ආයතන, වරායවල්, ගුවන් තොටුපලවල්, මහපොලව ඇතුළු සියළු ජාතික සම්පත් විකුනා දැමීමෙන් පසු මේරටේ ආණ්ඩුවට පාලනය කිරීමට ඉතිරිවන්නේ මොනවාද

11රාජ්‍යයක මූලික වගකීම් තුන වන රක්ෂ, පාලන සහ යෝගක්ෂේම යන තුනම මේ වන විටත් මේ රටතුල සිදු නොවන්නේනම් එවැනි තත්වයක් යටතේ රජයක් අපි පවත්වාගෙන යන්නේ කුමක් සඳහාද.

12 එසේවූ විට රජය සහ පාර්ලිමේන්තුවද විසුරුවා හැර රාජ්‍ය ආයතන සියල්ල වසා දමා රාජ්‍ය සෙවකයින් සියල්ලද ගෙදර යවනවාද.

13 මෙසේ කිරීමෙන් රාජ්‍යක මූලික වකීම් 3න් එකක්වත් කිරීමට රටක් නොමැතිව තව දුරටත් රාජයක් පවතවාගෙන යාමේ කිසිදු අවශ්‍යතාවක් නොමැතිවන බැවින් ආණ්ඩුවද විසුරුවා හැර පාර්ලිමේන්තුවද වසාදමා එයද සූපිරි විදේශීය හෝටලයක් බවට පත්කරනවාද.

14දැනට ලක්ෂ 16ක් පමණ වන රාජ්‍ය සේවකයින්ට එවිට සිදුවන්නේ කුමක්ද. ඔවුන් ජීවත් වන්නේ කෙසේද.

15 1505 සිට තම රිජු යටත් විජිත පාලනය හරහා සිදු කරණළද කොල්ලකෑම වෙනුවට   ඔවුන්ගේ නිශ්පාදන භාණ්ඩ, තාක්ෂනය සහ ගිණිපොලියට නය, නිශ්පාදිත භාණ්ඩ අලෙවිය සහ එම භාණ්ඩ නිශ්පාධන සඳහා අඩු වැටුපට අපරටවලින්  කම්කරුවන් ලබාගැනීම ආදි උපක්‍රම මගින් ක්‍රියාත්මක වන නව යටත්විජිත වාදය හරහා දකුණේ රටවල් කොල්ලකමින් දැනට මරනාසන්නව සිටින රටවල් විසින් අටවන මර උගුල්වලට හසු නොවී 21 වන සියවසේ ලෝක බල කේද්‍රය බවට ශීග්‍රයෙයෙන් පත්වෙමින් පවතින නව අප්‍රිකා-ආසියාතික බලවේගය වන බ්‍රික්  සම්ඟ එක්ව මේ රට නව ලෝකයක් කරා ගෙන යාමට ක්‍රියා කළයුතුව තිබියදී එසේ නොකොට  මේ ලක් මව  බටහිර අධිරාජ්‍ය වාදි කුමන්ත්‍රන කරුවන්ගේ බිල්ලක් බවට පත් කරන්නේ ඇයි.

16 පෙරදිග ආසියාව 21 වන සියවසේ ලෝකයේ ආර්ථිකයේ මෙන්ම ලෝක බල තුලනයේ තීරණාත්මක් කේද්‍රස්ථානය වී දසවසරක් තුල ආසියාවේ ආශ්චර්‍ය වීමට හැකියාව තිබියදී සීග්‍රයෙන් අත්ලන්තික්  සාගරයේ ගිලෙමින් පවතින බටහිර අධිරාජ්‍ය වාදී නැවට ඔබ අපි පටවන්නේ ඇයි?

17.පොලව මතුපිට මෙන්ම යටද මේ තරම් ස්වාභාවික සම්පත් ඇති, ලෝකයේ අඩුම මහී ආකර්ෂනය ඇති, එසේම වසර පුරා නොඅඩුව පැය 12ක් හිරු එලිය ලැබෙණ වසර පුරා වර්ෂාව ලැබෙන, ලෝකයේ සෑම රටකම පානීය ජලය සිඳී ගියත් එසේ නොවන එකම රට බවට පිලිගත්, වියළුණු දණ්ඩක් වුවත් පොලවේ පැලවෙන,  පෙර අපර ලෝක දෙක අතර ලෝකගෝලයේ මැද පිහිටා ඇති නිසා ලන්කා නමින් පුරාණයේ සිට ප්‍රචලිත,(භූ මධ්‍යයයේ අන්කීයතිති ලන්කා),පෙර අපරදිග ලෝක දෙක අතර අසමසම   නාවික, වානිජ හා ගුවන් වැදගත්කමක් හා ගෝලීය වශයෙන් ඉහලම යුද්ධෝපාය වටිනාකමක් ඇති, ලෝක  නාවික වෙළඳාමෙන් වැඩිම ප්‍රතිශතක් හුවමාරුවන නාවික මාර්ගයේ පිහිටා ඇති, පෙර අපර දෙදිගටම නැතිවම බැරි, රට වටා වර්ග සැතපුම් කෝටි 5කට අධික (සැ 7876 x 6455) සාගරික සම්පත්වලින් පිරුණු මහා සාගරයක් රටවටා ඇති ලෝකයේ අනෙක් එසේම විශිෂ්ඨ ගණයේ මානව සම්පතහක් ඇති අනෙක් රට කුමක්ද.

18 එසේ තිබියදී එම සම්පත් උපයෝගිකොට ගෙන මේ රට දියුණු නොකොට රට සහ ජාතිය සතු සියළු සම්පත් අපගෙ සතුරන්ට  විකුණා සිදුකිරිමට ඔබලා සූදානම්වන මේ ජාතික පවාදීම කුමක්ද.

19. 21 වන සියවසේ ආර්ථික හා ලෝක බලතුළනයේ ආධිපත්‍යට පත්වන ඉන්දු පැසිපික් කලාපයේ කේද්‍රස්ථානය බවට පත්වීමේ රන් දොරටුව පෙනි පෙනී ඉන් උපරිම ඵල නෙලාගැනීමට රට සූදානම් නොකොට 1505 සිට මේ රම්‍ය දිවයින සූරාකෑ එසේම විනාශකළ අදටත් එසේම සූරා කමින් මේ රටේ සම්පත් සහ ශිෂ්ඨාචාරය තමන්ගේ ආත්මාර්ථය සඳහා විනාශ කිරීමට උගුල් අටවන අත්ලන්තික් සාගරයේ ශීග්‍රයෙන් ගිලාබසින සතුරන් සමඟ එක්වන්නේ මොන හිතකින්ද. ඔබලා මේ නැටීමට ස්සුදානම්වන නාඩගම කුමක්ද. එසේ කිරීමෙන් ඔබ  සියළු දෙනාම මේ රට හා ජාතිය පාවාදීමේ අයිතිහාසික අපරාධයක කොටස්කරුවන්වී ජාති ද්‍රෝහීන් සහ දේශ ග්‍රෝහීන් රැළක් වශයෙන් ඉතිහාස ගතවීමට දඟලන්නේන්නේ ඇයි

20 විදෙස් ආයෝජනය ගැන හඬා වැටෙන ඔබලා විදෙස් ආයෝජකයින් මෙහි එන්නේ ඔවුන්ගේ මඩිය තරකර ගැනීමේ මූලික අදහසින් මිස අපගේ රට දියුණු කිරීමට නොවෙන බවවත් ඔබලාට තේරෙන්නේ නැත්තේ ඇයි?

21.පෙර දවස සින්හල රජදරුවන් රට පුරා මහා පරාක්‍රමභාහු සමුද්‍රය වැනි සින්දූපමාන වැව් 12 දහසකට අධික ගාණක් සහ  ගඩොලින් තැණූ ලෝකයේ උසම  චයිත්‍ය වූ ජේතවනරාමය ඇතුළු අහස උසට නැගු ස්ථූප සිය දහස් ගානක් රටපුර හැදුවේ කුමණ ලෝක බැන්කුවෙන් හා අරමුදලෙන් ණය ලබාගෙනද/ තාක්ෂනික උපදෙස් ලබාගෙන්ද?

22. අවසාන්වශයෙන් දේශීය සම්පත් විකුණා ලෝක බැන්කුවෙන් සහ ජා.මූ,අරමුදලෙන් ණය ලබාගෙන ඔවුන්ගේ උපදෙස් මත ක්‍රියාකොට දියුණුවූ ලෝකයේ එක රටක් අපට පෙන්වා දෙන්ට ඔබලාට පුළුවන්ද

(12.& 2023 දින  Daily /FT පලවු පරිදී)

රජය ණය ලබාගැනීමට යන ණය හිමියන්ගේම උපදේශක ආයතන වන පහත සඳහන් ආයතන වලින් ලබාගන්න උපදෙස්

ඔවුන්ගේ ලාබ වැඩිකර ගැනීමට මිස අපේ රටේ ආර්ථික යේ වර්ධනය හේතුවන පරිදි ඔවුන් උපදෙස් දේවි යයි සිතිය හැක්කේ කාටද.මෙය කුකුල්කොටුව බලාගැනීමට නරින්ට භාරදීමක් වැනි  තිරණයක් නොවේද. එසේම හොරාගේ අම්මාගෙන් නොව හොරගෙන්ම පේන ඇසීම වැනි ක්‍රියාවක් නොවේද

 • Litro Gas Ltd (Litro, including Litro Gas Terminals Ltd): Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu India (Deloitte India) has been appointed as the transaction advisor.

• Canwill Holdings Ltd (Hyatt): Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu India (Deloitte India) has been appointed as the transaction advisor.

• Hotel Developers Lanka Ltd (Hilton): Colliers International Consultancy and Valuation (Singapore) Ltd and Platinum Advisors has been appointed as the transaction advisor.

• Sri Lanka Insurance Corporation Ltd (SLIC): Alvarez & Marsal Middle East Ltd., and Capital Alliance Partners LTD has been appointed as the transaction advisor.

The Daily FT on 22 June 2023 exclusively reported the selection of four local parties (https://www.ft.lk/top-story/Govt-selects-transaction-advisors-for-sale-of-4-SOEs/26-749808)

මේ සියල්ල විකුනා දැමීමෙන් පසු ලන්කාණ්ඩුවට පාලන්ය කිරීමට  ඉතිරිවන්නේ මොන්වද. එවැනි සූන්‍ය රටකට ආණ්ඩුවක් මොනවාටද?

දෙවණුව

ඉහත සඳහන් සාපරාධී  පාවාදීම නොකොට

1 1977 ආණ්ඩු පෙරළියත් සමඟම මේ රටේ ස්වයන්පෝෂිත කෘෂිකර්මාන්තය, සහ කර්මාන්ත සියල්ල විනාශකොට පටන්ගත් ඊණියා විවුර්ථ ආර්ථිකය හරහා අල්පෙනෙත්තේ සිට  සියළු දෙයක්ම පිටරටින් ආනායනයකොට රට හැදීමේ දවල් හීනය දැන්වත් වහාම අත් හැර දමා දේශීය ගොවිතැන සහ  සුලු කර්මාන්ත ප්‍රධානකොට කර්මාන්ත ආරම්භකොට ස්වයන්පෝෂිත ආර්ථිකයක් ගොඩ නැගීම දන්වත් ආරම්භකකොට දේශීය වශයෙන් රැකියා  උත්පාදනය සහ නිශ්පාදනය නැන්වීමේ වැඩපිලිවෙළක් පලමුවම ගම් මට්ටමින් දීප ව්‍යාප්ත වගා සන්ග්‍රාමයක් අරම්භ කරමු.

 [S1]

RANJITH SOYSA

Mr Narendra Modi, the Prime Minister of India says the dignity and respect for Tamils should be given priority and to achieve his objective  the 13 amendment of Sri Lanka’s constitution should be implemented as agreed under the infamous Indo-Sri Lankan agreement imposed on Sri Lanka by India. Mr Mody and others who share the views of misguided Tamil leaders and some of their followers should probe India and question whether all the Indian Muslims per se , supporters of Kalisthan and DMK , the majority Kashmiris, and the people who live in Assam, Manipur and Nagaland live in dignity and respect. Mr Mody should commence his moral rearmament program ,perhaps in India!.As they say the charity should begin at home .. 

Anup Sinha

Congressman Gregory Meeks, the ranking member of the Foreign Affairs Committee in the US Congress and the chairperson of the Congressional Black Caucus, said that there are many questions about the democracy of the United States. Donald Trump’s undemocratic behavior has created such a situation. He said, I am always vocal about the human rights situation in the United States. Because the protection of human rights is important for all countries. Congressman (Democrat) elected for 13 consecutive times from Queens, Gregory Meeks, in an exchange program on contemporary issues with expatriate Bangladeshis on the evening of July 24, said that Bangladesh has many success stories. In the last 15 years, the country has transformed from a very poor to a middle-income country. The United States is Bangladesh’s largest trading partner. We have continued USAID in Bangladesh. And we see Bangladesh growing, getting stronger and holding a lot of importance. Bangladesh was very strong economically even during the corona pandemic. Sheikh Hasina is categorically committed to holding free and fair elections in Bangladesh, but the participation of all parties is necessary to make this move effective. In this context, the Congressman said that elections are the only means of forming a government of people’s choice. So, everyone should cooperate in free and fair elections. The upcoming election is very important for the United States as well as for Bangladesh. The path of peace and prosperity should be paved by establishing the people’s rule by defeating all the undemocratic forces in the ballot fight.

The clarity of such statements by Congressman Gregory Meeks, ranking member of the Committee on Foreign Affairs in the US Congress and chairperson of the Congressional Black Caucus, can be seen from the past history of the United States in the establishment of democracy and human rights. Looking at the past history of the United States, it is seen that the democracy and human rights conditions in the United States are deteriorating day by day. The incidence of gun violence, murder, police torture is increasing. The justice system is dying in the ‘vocal’ country to protect democracy and human rights in the world, which the US citizens themselves are worried about.

History says that the democracy that the United States has been using as a tool against other countries for years is clearly seen in the Democracy Index of the London-based Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) published in 2022. The index assesses the nature of democracy in countries around the world in light of five key factors. The topics are electoral process and pluralism, effectiveness of government, political participation, political culture and civil liberties. Based on these, the index divides countries and regions into four categories. Full democracy, flawed democracy, hybrid regime and authoritarian regime. The United States is also on the list of countries with flawed democracies in this index. Biden’s country ranks 30th in the index’s flawed democracy category, four places lower than the previous year. So imposing various restrictions on other countries in the name of democracy in a country where democracy does not exist is absolutely nothing but a mockery. Also, among the countries participating in the Democracy Summit held in Washington DC this year, inviting Pakistan, which is ranked 107th, excluding Bangladesh, which is ranked 73rd in the global democracy index, is another example of the implementation of the United States’ authoritarian system in the world using democracy. The United States has always wanted and wants to strengthen its position against its arch-enemies Russia and China by implementing an authoritarian system in the world. And that is why the United States has been using democracy as a tool to create authoritarian influence in the world. Because of which the democracy of the United States is in question.

On the other hand, in the United States, which claims to be the savior of human rights, financial corruption, racial discrimination, weapons and police violence, along with wealth grabbing have become commonplace. The United States has been waging war on countries around the world for years under the pretext of fighting terrorism. This has resulted in more civilian deaths than terrorism, increased refugee numbers, the rise of new factions and protracted civil wars. According to a groundbreaking study by Brown University’s Cost of War Project, the US has spent an estimated $8 trillion on the ‘War on Terror’, killing over 900,000 people and displacing millions. Instead of ending terrorism, the massive damage it has caused to people’s lives and the economy has resulted in the formation of new militant groups every year, as well as the reorganization of numerous armed groups such as Al-Qaeda, the Islamic State, and the Taliban. The United States has long engaged in massive violations of international human rights in the name of national security and the fight against so called terrorism.

Yet another Bangladeshi individual has lost their life in the United States, marking the second fatal shooting in a span of five days. The victim, identified as Mohammad Abul Hashim, 42, originally from Cumilla’s Burichang Upazila, was shot during a robbery at his grocery store in the Casa Grande area near Phoenix, Arizona, on a Sunday morning.

According to US authorities, Hashim was the owner of the grocery store located at Sunland Jean Road and West Concordia Drive in Casa Grande. On the day of the incident, a group of miscreants entered the shop with the intention of robbing it, and during the confrontation, they fatally shot Hashim.

Law enforcement promptly responded to the scene upon receiving information and discovered Hashim’s lifeless body on the shop floor. In a commendable effort, the police apprehended a suspect in connection with the murder within a remarkably short period of three hours.

The late Abul Hashim had made Arizona his home, residing with his wife and two children. Notably, all seven of his siblings also live in the same city.

This incident follows a similar shooting on July 18, where another Bangladeshi named Md Iajuddin Romim was killed by criminals in Missouri state, USA. The initial belief behind both crimes is that they were motivated by the intention to rob the victims’ vehicles and cash. Such incidents highlight the importance of continued efforts to address crime and ensure safety in communities.

Miscreants shot dead a Bangladeshi named Ramim Uddin (22) Ahmed in the early morning of Wednesday, July 18, 2023 in the state of Missouri, USA. Deceased Ramim Uddin Ahmed is a resident of Mirsarai Upazila of Chittagong District. The incident took place at 3:30 am (Bangladesh time) and it is believed that the motive behind the crime was to steal the victim’s car and cash. This killing is undoubtedly a gross violation of human rights.

Recently in the state of Missouri, a Bangladeshi named Ramim Uddin was shot and killed in just 5 days, another Bangladeshi was shot dead again by miscreants in the country. The deceased’s name is Mohammad Abul Hashim (42), a resident of Comilla’s Burichong Upazila. The incident took place in the Casa Grande area near the city of Phoenix in the state of Arizona in the United States on Sunday morning local time. According to local police, Hashim owned a grocery store at Sunlight Market at Sunland Jean Road and West Concordia Drive in Casa Grande. On the day of the incident, miscreants entered the shop and shot him.

Also, in January this year, Bangladeshi student Faisal, who was shot dead by police in the United States, was a victim of racist attacks. He was killed without any evidence for a small knife in his hand. By killing Faisal, the US has clearly violated human rights. At various times, the United States has committed human rights violations that have not been properly investigated and prosecuted. At least 1,000 people are killed by American police each year, 98 percent of whom are not prosecuted.

The extreme deterioration of human rights in the United States can be seen from the human rights report of the United States published by China at the end of 2022. China’s State Council Information Office published this report saying that in 2022 there were serious human rights violations in the United States. Xinhua. In the report, China says that in the United States, which claims to be the savior of human rights, financial corruption, racial discrimination, weapons and police brutality, along with wealth grabbing, are all too common.

According to the report’s sources, the United States has shown extreme laxity in the policy of keeping weapons at the individual level. As a result, there has been an increase in gun violence casualties. More than half of US states are lax on gun control. The United States also ranks at the top of the world in gun ownership, gun-related homicides, and mass shootings. In 2022, more than 80 thousand people were killed in these incidents. There have been more than 600 mass shootings in the United States this year. Gun violence has become an ‘epidemic in America’.

Racism is on the rise in the United States and ethnic minorities are heavily discriminated against. From 2020 to 2022, violent crime based on racial discrimination in the United States increased dramatically. The racist massacre of 10 African-Americans at a Buffalo supermarket shocked the world. 81 percent of Asian Americans in the U.S. say violence against Asian communities is on the rise. African Americans are 2.78 times more likely to be killed by the police than whites. The suffering caused by the genocide and cultural assimilation carried out by the US government against Indians and other indigenous peoples still continues.

US abuse of power known to the world to violate human rights and unilateral sanctions have created a humanitarian catastrophe in the world. Since the beginning of the 21st century, the United States has conducted military operations in 85 countries in the name of counter-terrorism. As a result, at least 929,000 civilians lost their lives and displaced 38 million people. The US has imposed more unilateral sanctions than any other country in the world. The US still has sanctions against more than 20 countries. As a result, the people of those countries are deprived of basic food and medicine supplies. Which undoubtedly amounts to US human rights violations and humanitarian disasters.

So, from the history of establishment of democracy and human rights of the United States and various reports, it is clearly evident that the country that gave everything to the world about democracy and human rights, the United States has questions about democracy and human rights. They should first ensure the establishment of democracy and human rights in their own country and then give it to any other country.

Anup Sinha is a researcher and freelance columnist specializing in South Asian Affairs

අග්‍රාමාත්‍ය මාධ්‍ය අංශය.

සමාජ සුභසාධන ප්‍රතිලාභ ගෙවීම සඳහා බැංකු ගිණුම් විවෘත කිරීමේ කටයුතු මේ සති අන්තය වන විට අවසන් කර ප්‍රතිලාභ ගෙවීම සඳහා කඩිනම් ක්‍රියාමාර්ග ගන්නැයි   අග්‍රාමාත්‍ය දිනේෂ් ගුණවර්ධන මහතා නිලධාරීන්ට උපදෙස් දුන්නේය.  

මහරගම ප්‍රාදේශීය සම්බන්ධීකරණ කමිටු රැස්වීම අග්‍රාමාත්‍යවරයාගේ ප්‍රධානත්වයෙන් 2023.07.27 දින මහරගම ප්‍රාදේශීය ලේකම් කාර්යාල ශ්‍රවණාගාරයේදී රැස්වූ අවස්ථාවේදී අස්වැසුම සම්බන්ධයෙන් පැනනැගී ඇති ගැටලු සහ ප්‍රදේශයට බලපාන ගැටලු  සම්බන්ධයෙන් සාකච්ඡා කරනු ලැබීය.

සමාජ සුභසාධන ප්‍රතිලාභ ගෙවීම සඳහා  දැනට බැංකු ගිණුම් විවෘත කර නොමැති  අය වෙත කඩිනමින්  බැංකු ගිණුම් විවෘත කර දිය යුතු බවද මෙහිදී අවධාරණය කෙරුණි.

අපේක්ෂා රෝහලේ  වසා දමා ඇති භික්ෂු වාට්ටුව පිළීබඳ ගැටලුව ද සාකච්ඡාවට ලක්වූ අතර එය සම්පූර්ණයෙන් අලුත්වැඩියා කිරීමට ඇස්තමේන්තු සකස් කරමින් සිටින බව මෙහිදී අනාවරණය කෙරිණී. මහරගම ප්‍රදේශයේ මත්ද්‍රව්‍ය භාවිතය ඉහළ යාම සහ සොරකම් වැඩිවීම පිළිබඳව පොලීසිය වෙත චෝදනා එල්ල විය. මහජන සංවිධාන සමඟ එක්ව මේවාට විසඳුම් සොයන ලෙස අග්‍රාමාත්‍යවරයා පොලීසියට උපදෙස් දුන්නේය. බොරලැස්ගමුව වැවේ ජපන් ජබර ඉවත් කිරීම සියයට 50කින් පමණ අවසන් බව ද නිලධාරීහු පෙන්වා දුන්හ. නියමිත කාලයේ දී එම කටයුතු අවසන් කරන්නැයි අග්‍රාමාත්‍යවරයා  සඳහන් කළේය. ප්‍රදේශයේ පුරන් කුඹුරු අස්වැද්දීම  සම්බන්ධයෙන් ද මෙහිදී විශේෂ අවධානය යොමු විය.

මහරගම ශාසනාරක්ෂක බල මණ්ඩලයේ සභාපති පූජ්‍ය නිකපොත චන්ද්‍රජෝති හිමි, බස්නාහිර පළාත් හිටපු ප්‍රධාන අමාත්‍ය ඉසුර දේවප්‍රිය, හිටපු පළාත් සභා අමාත්‍ය උපාලි කොඩිකාර හිටපු පළාත් සභා මන්ත්‍රී සලෝචන ගමගේ,  කොළඹ දිස්ත්‍රික් ලේකම් කේ. ජී. විජේසිරි, මහරගම ප්‍රාදේශීය ලේකම් දිල්රුක්ෂි වල්පොල ඇතුළු රාජ්‍ය නිලධාරීන් මෙම අවස්ථාවට සහභාගි වූහ.

අග්‍රාමාත්‍ය මාධ්‍ය අංශය.

වෛද්‍ය රුවන් එම් ජයතුංග 

කාල් මාක්ස් යනු දර්ශනය, සමාජ විද්‍යාව, ආර්ථික විද්‍යාව සහ ඉතිහාසයේ වැදගත් චරිතයකි. මාක්ස් මානව ඉතිහාසයේ සමස්ත ගමන් මාර්ගය පිළිබඳ සවිස්තරාත්මක පැහැදිලි කිරීමක් වර්ධනය කළේය. ඔහුට ඇඩම් ස්මිත්ට වඩා වෙනස් දැක්මක් තිබුණි.  

මාක්ස් ජීවත් වූයේ රැඩිකල් නැගිටීම් යුගයක ය. කාල් මාක්ස් එංගලන්තයේ ජීවත් වීමට පැමිණියේ එහි කාර්මික විප්ලවයේ උච්චතම අවස්ථාවේදීය. ඔහු සූරාකෑමට ලක් වූ  දුගී කාර්මික කම්කරුවන් කෙරෙහි අවධානය යොමු කළේය.  ධනපතියන්  ලාභ ඉපැයීම සඳහා පුද්ගලික දේපල භාවිතා කළ බව මාක්ස් ලිවීය. කාර්මික කම්කරු පන්තිය සූරාකෑම සඳහා තම ධනය සහ ආන්ඩුව මත පාලනය භාවිතා කළ මෙම පන්තිය ධනේශ්වරය ලෙස මාක්ස් හැඳින්වීය. සැබෑ නිදහස සාක්‍ෂාත් කර ගැනීමට මාක්ස් පැවසුවේ කම්කරුවන් පළමුව පුද්ගලික දේපල ධනේශ්වර පද්ධතිය පෙරලා දැමිය යුතු බවයි. එවිට කම්කරුවන් ධනවාදය වෙනුවට කොමියුනිස්ට් ආර්ථික ක්‍රමයක් ඇති කරනු ඇත, එහිදී ඔවුන්ට පොදු දේපල හිමි වන අතර ඔවුන් නිෂ්පාදනය කරන ධනය බෙදා ගනී.

මානව සමාජය අධ්‍යයනය කරන විට කාල් මාක්ස් තහවුරු කළේ සමාජ ජීවිතයේ සියලු වෙනස්කම්, අවසානයේ දී, නිෂ්පාදන බලවේගවල පරිවර්තනයෙන් ආරම්භ වන බවයි. නිෂ්පාදන බලවේගවල වර්ධනය ප්‍රකාශ වන්නේ මිනිසුන්ගේ ස්වභාවය ජය ගැනීමෙනි. නිෂ්පාදන බලවේග මගින් සමාජයට ධනය උත්පාදනය කිරීමේ සහ මානව සංවර්ධනය  කිරීමේ ක්‍රියාවලියේදී මිනිසුන්ගේ සැබෑ හැකියාව පිළිබිඹු කරයි. ඕනෑම සමාජයක ධනය ඇති කිරීමට කම්කරුවන් මෙන්ම නිෂ්පාදන මාධ්‍යයන් ද අවශ්‍ය වේ. ශ්රම ක්රියාවලිය සඳහා උපකරණ නොමැතිව මිනිසුන්ට ධනය නිර්මාණය කළ නොහැකිය. 

මාක්ස් හේගල්ගේ දර්ශනය මත තම අදහස් ගොඩ නැගුවද හේගල් විඥානවාදී විය. අදහස් ඉතිහාසය හැඩගස්වන බව  හේගල් විශ්වාස කළේය. කෙසේ වෙතත් මාක්ස් භෞතිකවාදියෙක් විය. ආර්ථිකය ඉතිහාසය හැඩගස්වන බව මාක්ස් විශ්වාස කළේය. 

මාක්ස්ට අනුව භාණ්ඩයක වටිනාකම තීරණය වන්නේ එය නිෂ්පාදනය කිරීමට යොදවන ශ්‍රමය මතය. කම්කරුවන්ගේ වැටුප් ඔවුන් කරන නිෂ්පාදනවල මිලට වඩා බෙහෙවින් අඩු බව මාක්ස් පෙන්වා දුන්නේය. මෙයට හේතුව ධනපතියන් තමන් විකුණූ දෙයින් ලාභ ලැබූ බැවිනි. මාක්ස් ලාභය “අතිරික්ත වටිනාකම” ලෙස හැඳින්වූ අතර එය කම්කරුවන් සූරාකෑමට ලක්වන බව සිතුවේය. මාක්ස් පැවසුවේ ධනපතියන් කම්කරුවා ඔහුගේ ශ්‍රමයේ ප්‍රතිඵලවලින් ඈත් කළ බවත්, ඔහුට “යන්ත‍්‍රයේ වහල්භාවයට” පත්වීමට බල කර ඇති බවත් ය. මෙම සූරාකෑම, නිර්ධන පංතිය විසින් ධනේශ්වරය “ප්‍රචණ්ඩ ලෙස පෙරලා දැමීමෙන්” අවසන් වන නව පන්ති අරගලයක් ඉක්මනින් ගෙන එනු ඇතැයි මාක්ස් තර්ක කළේය. මාක්ස් විප්ලවයේ “සමාජවාදී අවධිය” ලෙස හැඳින්වූ කාලය තුළ, නව නිර්ධන පංති ආන්ඩුව කර්මාන්ත ශාලා, පතල්, ගොවිපල සහ අනෙකුත් ව්‍යාපාර වැනි සියලුම ධනේශ්වර පුද්ගලික දේපල රාජසන්තක කරනු ඇත. එවිට රජය මෙම ව්‍යවසායන් සේවකයන්ගේ ප්‍රයෝජනය සඳහා ක්‍රියාත්මක කරනු ඇත.

මාක්ස් සිය ජීවිතයේ වැඩි කාලයක් ගත කළේ 19 වන සියවසේ මැද භාගයේ බටහිර කාර්මිකකරණය වූ දේශපාලන ආර්ථිකය විශ්ලේෂණය කිරීමට ය. මාක්ස් ධනේශ්වර සමාජවල සියලු නපුරේ මූලාශ්‍රය ලෙස පෞද්ගලික දේපළ සැලකුවේය. ඒ අනුව, පෞද්ගලික දේපළ අහෝසි කිරීමෙන් පමණක් සමාජයේ පන්ති භේදය සුව කළ හැකි බවත්, සුහද අනාගතයක් සහතික කළ හැකි බවත් ඔහු විශ්වාස කළේය. 

නිර්ධන පංතිය අවසානයේ ආර්ථික නිෂ්පාදනය පාලනය කළ විට  සියලු පන්ති අතුරුදහන් වන බවත් පන්ති අරගල අවසන් වන බවත් , මාක්ස් ප්‍රකාශ කළේය. මෙම “කොමියුනිස්ට් අවධියේ” තවදුරටත් රජයක අවශ්‍යතාවයක් ඇති නොවනු ඇත. නිර්ධන පංති විප්ලවය ජර්මනියේ හෝ එංගලන්තයේ ඉක්මනින් සිදුවනු ඇතැයි මාක්ස් අපේක්‍ෂා කළ අතර පසුව ලොව පුරා සිදුවනු ඇතැයි අණාවැකි පළ කලේය. 

එහෙත් මාක්ස් අපේක්ෂා කළ නිර්ධන පංති විප්ලවය කිසිදා දියුණු කාර්මික රටක සිදු වූයේ නැත. විප්ලවයන් සිදු වූයේ රුසියාව සහ චීනය වැනි අඩු සංවර්ධිත ආර්ථිකයන් තුළ ය. මාක්ස්ගේ අනාවැකිවලට පටහැනිව, ධනේශ්වර සමාජවල බොහෝ කම්කරුවන් සඳහා ආර්ථික තත්ත්වයන් ක්රමයෙන් දියුණු විය. ඡන්ද අයිතිය පුළුල් කිරීම, ළමා ශ්‍රමය අහෝසි කිරීමේ නීති, සමාජ ආරක්‍ෂණය සහ කම්කරුවන්ගේ වෘත්තීය සමිතිවලට බැඳීමට ඇති අයිතිය වැනි ප්‍රධාන ප්‍රතිසංස්කරණ පිලිබඳව හඞ නැගීමට මාක්ස් අසමත් විය.   

මාක්ස් මානව වර්ගයාගේ සම්භවය පිළිබඳ ඩාවින්ගේ විස්තරය අගය කළේය. කෙසේ වෙතත්, ඩාවින්ගේ වෙනස්කම් පිළිබඳ න්‍යායේ වැදගත්කම හඳුනා ගැනීමට සහ එය ඔහුගේම වැඩසටහනට ඇතුළත් කිරීමට ඔහු අසමත් විය. ධනවාදය බොහෝ අර්බුදවලට මුහුණ දී ඇති අතර, සෑම අවස්ථාවකදීම එය පරිණාමය වී වෙනස් විය. මෙය මාක්ස් නොසිතූ දෙයකි. මේ බව ආචාර්‍ය Madsen Pirie පැහැදිලි කරයි. 

කාල් මාක්ස් සහ ෆෙඩ්‍රික් එංගල්ස් 1848 දී කොමියුනිස්ට් ප්‍රකාශනය ප්‍රකාශයට පත් කළ අතර, ඔවුන්ගේ සංකල්ප ක්‍රියාවට නැංවීමට මීට පෙර අසාර්ථක උත්සාහයන් තිබුණද, මාක්ස්වාදය 1917 වන තෙක් උනන්දුවෙන් ආරම්භ වූයේ රුසියාවේ කොමියුනිස්ට් විප්ලවයත් සමඟය. මාක්ස් ගේ න්‍යාය අනුව වශයෙන්ම, 1917 දී රුසියාවේ කොමියුනිස්ට් විප්ලවයක් සිදු විය. නව සෝවියට් සංගමයේ පළමු නායකයා වූ ව්ලැඩිමීර් ලෙනින්, කොමියුනිස්ට් පක්ෂයට සියලු බලය සංකේන්ද්‍රණය කළේය. ලෙනින්ගෙන් පසුව, ජෝසෆ් ස්ටාලින්, කෘෂිකාර්මික ඉඩම්වල පුද්ගලික අයිතිය අවසන් කිරීමට ප්‍රචණ්ඩත්වය සහ සාගින්න භාවිතා කළ අතර, මිලියන ගණනක ගොවීන් මිය ගියේය. කොමියුනිස්ට් පක්ෂය වරප්‍රසාද ලත් පාලක පන්තියක් බවට පත් වූ අතර, ස්ථීර ලෙස පාලනයේ රැඳී සිටීමට බලය මත විශ්වාසය තැබීය. එහි ප්‍රතිඑලය වූයේ නිලධාරීවාදය කර පින්නා ගත්  පොලිස් රාජ්‍යක් බිහි වීමය. 

විසි වන ශතවර්ෂයේ වැඩි කාලයක් මනුෂ්‍ය වර්ගයාගෙන් 40%ක් සාගත, ගුලාග්, වාරණය සහ ස්වයං ප්‍රකාශිත මාක්ස්වාදීන් අතින්  මර්දනයන්ට ගොදුරු වූහ.  චීනයේ ‘මහා පිම්ම (the ‘Great Leap Forward) ’ සහ ‘සංස්කෘතික විප්ලවය’ සාගතය සහ භීෂණය ඇති කළේය. 1958 සිට 1962 දක්වා වූ මහා පිම්ම” හේතුවෙන් චීන ජාතිකයන් 30,000,000 ක්   සාගින්නෙන් මිය ගියහ. උතුරු කොරියාව, වියට්නාමය, කාම්බෝජය වැනි අනෙකුත් රටවල් මාක්ස් ගේ න්‍යාය අනුගමනය කළේ සෑම විටම ලේ වැකි ගැටුම් හරහාය. පොල් පොට් තම සමාජවාදී න්‍යායන් ක්‍රියාත්මක කරන ලද්දේ මරණයේ ගොවි බිම් උඩය.  

බටහිර ජර්මානුවන් වොක්ස්වැගන්, මර්සිඩීස් බෙන්ස්, බී.එම්ඩ.බ්ලිව් සහ පෝර්ෂේ මෝටර් රථ  නිෂ්පාදනය කරන විට නැගෙනහිර ජර්මානුවන් ට්‍රැබන්ට් (මෙය කොමියුනිස්ට්වාදයට නරක නමක් ලබා දුන් මෝටර් රථයයි)  නිෂ්පාදනය කරමින් සිටියෝය. ඔවුන්  කටුකම්බිවලින් තාප්ප ගොඩනඟා, ඝාතන කලාපයේ බිම්බෝම්බ තැබූ අතර, යුතෝපියාවෙන් පලා යාමට තැත් කළ  පුද්ගලයන්ට  මැෂින් තුවක්කුවලින් වෙඩි තැබූහ. 

ඇතැම් විශ්ලේශකයන් මාක්ස්වාදී චින්තනයේ ආර්ථික, දේශපාලනික හා සමාජ න්‍යායේ සමහරක් අංශ යල් පැන ගිය බවට තර්ක කරති. කොන්සර්වේටිව් ඉතිහාසඥ පෝල් ජොන්සන් 1988 දී මෙසේ ලිවීය ; කාල් මාක්ස් ගේ ප්‍රාග්ධනයේ  අටවන පරිච්ඡේදයේ මුළු ප්‍රවාදයම  ක්‍රමානුකූලව මුසාකරනයක් වන අතර, එය  වෛෂයික පරීක්‍ෂණයකින් පිළිගත නොහැකිය…….   ඇතැම් විද්වතුන් මාක්ස් ව හඳුන්වන්නේ  යථාර්ථයේ දී ඵලදායී නොවන දර්ශනවාදියෙකු ලෙසටය.ධනවාදය ක්‍රියාත්මක වන ආකාරය සහ තාක්‍ෂණය කම්කරුවන් කෙරෙහි ඍණාත්මක බලපෑම් ඇති කරන්නේ කෙසේද යන්න පිළිබඳව මාක්ස් ඇතැම් විට අගතිගාමී විය.  

මාක්ස්වාදයේ එක් පදනමක් ලෙස ඓතිහාසික භෞතිකවාදය නම් කල හැකිය. මේ අනුව නිෂ්පාදන ක්‍රමවල තාක්‍ෂණික දියුණුව නිෂ්පාදන සමාජ සම්බන්ධතාවල වෙනස්කම්වලට තුඩු දෙන බව යෝජනා කරයි. එමගින් මානව ඉතිහාසයේ ආර්ථික, තාක්‍ෂණික සහ වඩාත් පුළුල් ලෙස  ගෝත්‍ර, සමාජ පන්තීන් සහ ජාතීන් අතර ද්‍රව්‍යමය අවශ්‍යතාවල ගැටීම්වල වර්ධනයන් සහ වෙනස්කම් සඳහා හේතු සොයයි. බොහෝ විචාරකයින් තර්ක කර ඇත්තේ මෙය සමාජයේ ස්වභාවය අතිශයින් සරල කිරීමක් බවය. 

මාක්ස් මෙසේ ලිවීය: ” At a certain stage of development, the material productive forces of society come into conflict with the existing relations of production or – this merely expresses the same thing in legal terms – with the property relations within the framework of which they have operated hitherto. From forms of development of the productive forces, these relations turn into their fetters. Then begins an era of social revolution. The changes in the economic foundation lead sooner or later to the transformation of the whole immense superstructure”  පීටර් ස්ටිල්මන් විශ්වාස කරන්නේ මාක්ස්ගේ නිර්ණායකවාදී තත්ත්වය “මිථ්‍යාවක්” බවයි.  එසේම මාක්ස් සතුව ප්‍රමිති න්‍යායක්   (normative theory) නොතිබු බව චිකාගෝ විශ්ව විද්‍යාලයේ  Brian Leiter පෙන්වා දෙයි. තවද ධනේශ්වර රටවල සමාජ හා ආර්ථික සංවර්ධනය මාක්ස් විසින් පුරෝකථනය කරන ලද දිශාවට වඩා ප්‍රතිවිරුද්ධ දිශානතියක් ඔස්සේ ගමන් කොට ඇත. 

ධනවාදය බිඳවැටීමට නියමිත බව කාල් මාක්ස් කීවේය. නිර්ධන පංතිය ධනේශ්වරය පෙරලා දමනු ඇති බවත්, ඒ සමඟ සූරාකෑම සහ ධුරාවලිය අහෝසි කරන බවත් ඔහු විශ්වාස කළේය. එහෙත් පසුගිය වසර 200 තුල මාක්ස් කියූ පරිදි ධනවාදය බිඳ වැටුනේ නැත. එහෙත් සමාජවාදය ඔස්සේ  ගිය රටවල ආර්ථිකයන් බිඳ වැටුනි.  සමාජවාදී කියුබාව තුල ඵලදායිතාවය අඩු වූ අතර සාමාන්‍ය භාණ්ඩ හිඟය ඇති විය. සමාජවාදී වෙනිසියුලාවේ ආර්ථිකය කඩාගෙන වැටුනි. 

මාක්ස් ධනවාදයේ පරිනාමය පිලිබඳව වැරදි පුරෝකථනයක් කලේය. ඔහු මධ්‍යම පන්තිය (Middle Class)  සහ එහි හැකියාවන් නොසලකා හැරියේය. නිශ්පානයේදී හා නව දැණුම උත්පාදනයේදී මධ්‍යම පන්තියේ කාර්‍යභාරය පිලිබඳව ඔහු සිටියේ අඩු තක්සේරුවකය. ඔහුගේ අනාවැකි බිඳ හෙලමින් පසුගිය වසර 200 තුළ වඩාත්ම කැපී පෙනෙන සමාජ සංසිද්ධිය වී ඇත්තේ අතිවිශාල මධ්‍යම පන්තියක” පුලුල් වීම සහ වර්ධනය වීමයි.

මාක්ස්වාදී න්‍යාය සිදුරුවලින් පිරී ඇති බව යේල් විශ්ව විද්‍යාලයේ මහාචාර්‍ය ෂැපිරෝ පවසයි. මාක්ස්ගේ ප්‍රබලම විවේචකයෙකු වූ 20 වැනි සියවසේ ශ්‍රේෂ්ඨ දාර්ශනික කාල් පොපර් ඔහුව හැඳින්වූයේ ‘ව්‍යාජ  අනාගතවක්තෘ’ ලෙසටය.  

References 

Cohen, G. A. (2020). Karl Marx’s theory of history: Princeton University Press.

Karl Marx, F. E. (2002b). Marx & Engels Collected Works (Vol. 23 ): Taylor & Francis, Ltd Shaw, W. H. (2020). 16. Karl Marx on History, Capitalism, and… Business Ethics? In Wealth, Commerce, and Philosophy (pp. 321-340): University of Chicago Press.