COVID: 858 new cases in total reported today

October 2nd, 2021

Courtesy Adaderana

The daily total of new COVID-19 cases moved to 858 today (Oct. 02) as 259 more people were tested positive for the virus, the Epidemiology Unit of the Health Ministry said.

According to the Government Information Department, 855 of the new cases were associated with the New Year Cluster. The remaining three were identified as arrivals from foreign countries.

This brings the tally of coronavirus infections confirmed in the country so far to 519,633.

More than 47,900 active cases are currently under medical care at hospitals, treatment centres and homes.

Total recoveries from the virus infection reached 458,646 earlier today as 561 more patients were discharged from medical care upon returning to health.

Meanwhile, Sri Lanka registered 55 new COVID-related fatalities confirmed by the Director-General of Health Services on Oct. 01. The new development pushed the official death toll to 13,019.

Trade minster distances himself with the garlic issue (Video)

October 2nd, 2021

Courtesy Hiru News

The Minister of Trade Dr. Bandula Gunawardena stated that he is not commenting on any government activities that do not belong to him at the moment and that a conspiracy is being hatched using his name in the garlic fraud.

He was speaking to the media in Colombo today.

Will implement decisions irrespective of opposition” – Gen Sec SLPP (Video)

October 2nd, 2021

Courtesy Hiru News

The General Secretary of the Sri Lanka Podujana Peramuna, MP Sagara Kariyawasam states that the decisions required by the country should be implemented regardless of who opposes them.

He was responding to a question raised by journalists regarding the supply agreement for the Yugadanavi power plant

Yohani, Sri Lanka’s multifaceted ‘Manike’ (Gem), has been snatched by India? Aiyo! BUT, no problem; it is turning out to be all for the best for her and for the country.

October 1st, 2021

By Rohana R. Wasala

Sri Lanka is sliding into international fame, perhaps for the first time since the Cricket World Cup win in 1996, but on a much larger scale, due to Yohani’s gradual emergence over the past two or three years, first as a bilingual (Sinhala and English), then as a multilingual, singer and rapper. Her breathtaking shoot to global stardom a couple of months back seems to have given a boost to the country’s difficult process of coming in from the cold, into which it had been unduly consigned through geopolitics-driven false propaganda. The young singer and rapper Yohani’s video of her cover song ‘Manike Mage Hithe’ (Lady in My Heart), featuring fellow artiste Satheeshan Ratnayake, went viral overnight, and has got over 133M views by the time of writing (October 1, 2021). This is an astronomically high number of views for a You Tube video of a Sri Lankan artiste singing in Sinhala, the native tongue of over 75% (actually over 80%) of Sri Lankans, though hardly known outside Sri Lanka. The video triggered the unexpected Yohani phenomenon that is currently sweeping the cross-border popular music scene, particularly in subcontinental India, Europe and America. (May it not be a short lived Yohani craze!) It is bound to have an immense vitalizing effect on the young Sri Lankan music entrepreneurs’ foray into the regional and global music market. (The latter, including, for example, the Bhatiya-Santush duo, Iraj, etc., have been active abroad, quite successfully, for many years already; the three mentioned have been extending their support to Yohan for years, as far as I know.) The whole affair will provide an unprecedentedly powerful impetus for defining and projecting the musical, linguistic and literary  aspects of our cultural identity and heritage to the outside world. Most Sri Lankans across the world, gazing up for a new star of hope to delight their sight and refresh their morale, warmly welcomed her sudden rise to starry heights. At the moment Yohani – with her Manike Mage fame – is taking crowds by storm, being in the middle of her tour of India. Over the past weeks she was interviewed by a number national TV channels in India. She’s also been contracted by the mega Indian entertainment company (started 1983) T-Series, whose You Tube channel currently has 194M subscribers (and this number is bound to rise further due to the co-option of Yohani). 

Yohani generously shares the credit for the success of ‘Manike Mage Hithe’ with the members of her team: the gifted musician Chamath Sangeeth whom she implicitly recognizes as the principal contributor to the magic of ‘Manike Mage Hithe’, her competent co-artiste, singer and  rapper Satheeshan Rathnayake, who, in fact, sang the song first, creative rapper and lyricist Dulanja Alwis, skilled guitarist Shane Vas, and versatile video director, editor and colourist Pasindu Kaushalya. As one interested in the study of verbal arts, I have followed these professionals  being hosted in some social media videos. (In the past, in my inexcusable ignorance, I used to scoff at such serious music genres as rap, hiphop, etc., until properly enlightened on them by my daughter.) Something that I have realised about these young geniuses (I honestly think that they deserve that description.) is that all of them take their chosen fields seriously and work hard to achieve excellence; they have a highly cultured, non-mercenary, professional attitude towards their art. They are keenly aware of the inspirational legacy that the greats of the past in Sinhala music have left and acknowledge the debt they owe them.  Equally heartening is the fact that these young artistes display an unselfconscious love of their motherland and  take pride in a genuine sense of inclusive national cultural identity as Sri Lankans. They do not come exclusively from one social background; it is a mixture of urban, suburban, and rural.

Yohani Diloka de Silva (b. 1993) lives in Colombo. She attended the leading girls’ school Vishaka Vidyalaya up to her OLs. During her schooling in Sri Lanka, she took part in sports (swimming and water polo) and group events. Then she proceeded to London in 2012, where she studied at the Hatch End High School and completed her ALs. Having returned to Sri Lanka she got admission to the Kotalawala Defence University, Kandawala, Ratmalana, and obtained her first degree in Logistics. Then she went to Australia for her Master’s. Having obtained a Master’s degree in Accounting with distinction, she returned home to Sri Lanka.  While studying abroad, she pursued her musical training. Later she dabbled in photography, even covering weddings. Yohani drifted into music somewhat accidentally, it appears. She did some club singing to earn some extra income, as she wanted to be independent. She has engaged in her musical career in a more professional way since 2019. Bhatiya Jayakody, a senior musical artist and entrepreneur who has for years adopted a mentoring attitude towards her, says that Yohani is a ‘very intelligent and smart’ artiste. He is one who got her to perform in his shows before, and foresaw a great career in music for her. Asked by Iraj, another very successful Sri Lankan musician with lucrative international appeal engagements, on a Yfm Channel interview in January 2020, about her main target, Yohani replied that she wanted to work with international artistes. To reach her target she’s worked with a vengeance. It is basically thanks to her own initiative and hard training that she is where she is today.  

Yohani is the elder of the two daughters of Major General Prasanna de Silva who commanded the 55th Division of the Sri Lanka army in the final  antiterrorist war that ended in victory in 2009. Prasanna de Silva played a very prominent role in that war, making many personal sacrifices. ‘Road to Nandikadal: True Story of Defeating Tamil Tigers’ (2016) written by his comrade in arms Major General Kamal Gunaratne features a photograph of Major General Prasanna de Silva under the general caption ‘Immortal leaders of the final war’ (p. 416-417). Her mother Dinithi de Silva worked as an air hostess at Sri Lankan Airlines. Yohani’s sister who is younger is studying medicine in Russia to become a doctor. During her childhood, she and her family suffered many hardships due to the circumstance that her father was serving in the army in the embattled North.

Yohani seems to have inherited her father’s soldierly qualities of personal courage, doggedness, and sangfroid in her personal and professional life. She is multi-talented. Apart from being a singer and rapper, she is a song writer, model, and photographer. She’s had to endure baseless attacks on her personal reputation in the social media, provoked usually by the green-eyed monster. Though she was thoroughly upset by this at the beginning, her parents advised her to ignore such cowardly harassment and get on with her life. That’s what she has done. She emerged unscathed from the abuse of her celebrity status by social media purveyors of pornography, something that can be safely ignored. With her new star status, he’s started receiving ambiguous attention from a different direction.

The Indian High Commission in Colombo, on September 21 or so, issued a statement appointing Yohani a cultural ambassador between Sri Lanka and India,  and the photograph of what was purported to be a picture of a function held in the HC premises to felicitate her appeared in the media, even before the Sri Lankan government got any chance to acknowledge her star status as  a Sri Lankan  citizen’s achievement, which it actually was. Seen in a bad light, this would prompt one to ask: Why this indecent hurry on the part of India? What underlies the premature gesture? A mutual relationship of genuine cooperation or unequal competition between monstrously large India and ridiculously small Sri Lanka? As far as we know, there’s no need for any special cultural ambassador. The cultural bonds between India and Sri Lanka have remained strong for thousands of years, though political relations have got strained due to attempted big-brotherly snatches from time to time over the same long period of history. Has India been inspired by America’s alleged Everything for us, nothing for other people” policy? Has Big Brother India begun laying claim to little brother Sri Lanka’s intellectual property, just as it is trying to grab the latter’s physical assets? 

Seen in a favourable light, the Indian High Commission’s honouring of Yohani may be interpreted as India’s prompt official recognition of the Indians’ embrace of Yohani as a common cultural icon of the two nations. According to the IHC, several Indian TV Channels had interviewed Yohani: It is a proud moment for the latest Cultural Ambassador, Yohani de Silva, to appear on India’s national television channels. With over 110 million YouTube views, her song ‘Menike Mage Hithe’ has won the hearts of millions of people in India, from celebrities to the general public. It reflects the true sweetness and depth of the thousands of years old Indo-Sri Lankan relationship,” (Source: Lanka Truth Channel/September 21, 2021).

Agreed. But it is important not to violate that sweetness and depth” of the enduring Indo-Lankan relationship through the hasty intervention of time-serving politicians in such autonomous cultural interaction between the two countries that is taking place now triggered by the Yohani phenomenon. 

Yohani is a trailblazer for the Sri Lankan youth who must take care of the country’s future.  This invaluable asset of Sri Lanka should not be expropriated by any foreign friend or foe.

Bringing Sri Lanka back into India’s fold

October 1st, 2021

By P.K.Balachandran Courtesy NewsIn.Asia

Colombo, October 1 (newsin.asia): The visit of the Indian Foreign Secretary Harsh Vardhan Shringla to Sri Lanka from October 2 to 5, will be taking place when the bilateral relationship is at the crossroads in a changing geopolitical context.

Though Chinese influence in Sri Lanka is hardly a new worry, the point is that China’s footprint and Beijing’ influence have been growing steadily and in significant ways, outstripping India’s. (See Anita Inder Singh’s article in Jamestown.org (https://jamestown.org/program/chinas-port-investments-in-sri-lanka-reflect-competition-with-india-in-the-indian-ocean/). India’s projects or MoUs for its projects have been languishing. This, despite Colombo’s expressions of appreciation for India’s prompt assistance to meet marine disasters, the prompt supply of COVID vaccines in the first phase of the pandemic, and its efforts to foster Buddhist links between the two countries.

In 2017, India and Sri Lanka had signed MoUs for projects covering a wide range, but none of them has been implemented, raising serious concerns in New Delhi. The Eastern Container Terminal at Colombo port was to be built by India, but at the last moment, Sri Lanka called it off. An LNG project in Kerawelapitiya and a coal-fired power plant in Sampur also fell by the wayside. Even the US$ 15 million set apart for promoting Buddhist links lies unused.

On the other hand, China has massively invested in ports, roads, railways and other civil works, and is significantly involved in urban private high-rise construction also. According to Anita Inder Singh, in 2019, the value of cumulative Chinese infrastructure investment in Sri Lanka was equivalent to 14% of its GDP. In October 2020, at the height of the pandemic, when President Gotabaya Rajapaksa asked Beijing for a US$ 90 million aid grant for rural development, it was personally delivered by Chinese Communist Party Politburo member Yang Jiechi, she notes. To date, China has supplied 26 million doses of Sinopharm vaccines to Sri Lanka, far outstripping the contribution of other countries.

While Sri Lanka has been finding it hard to sell tea to India, China’s Fujian Star China International Trade Company Ltd., has entered into a 15-year MoU to promote Pure Ceylon Tea in the Chinese market and purchase 4 million kg of tea annually.

China and Pak Eye Northern Province

China has also been trying to move into the Tamil-majority Northern Province, which in New Delhi’s view, falls within its sphere of influence geo-strategically. When the Lankan cabinet approved a proposal to let Sinosoar-Etechwin of China install ‘hybrid renewable energy systems’ in Nainativu, Delft or Neduntivu and Analaitivu islands off Jaffna, close to the Indian shore, India objected on security grounds. New Delhi offered Colombo US$ 12 million if the project was re-allocated to India. Colombo stopped the Chinese project alright, but India is still to secure it.

Earlier in April 2018, the China Railway Beijing Engineering Group Co Ltd had won a tender worth more than US$ 300 million to build 40,000 houses in Lanka’s north. However, the then Prime Minister, Ranil Wickremesinghe, cancelled the project in October ahead of his New Delhi visit. Government then said that 28,000 houses worth US$ 210 million would be built in the Tamil areas of the North and East by an Indian firm ND Enterprises jointly with two Sri Lankan firms.

Pakistan too has been making tentative attempts to tap the Northern and Eastern Provinces. The outgoing Pakistan High Commissioner in Sri Lanka, Maj.Gen.(Rtd) Muhammad Saad Khattak had alleged in his farewell statement that he visited these areas despite the opposition of a mutual neighbour.” The North and East have a sizeable Muslim population which Pakistan might want to woo.

In this context, it is significant that Foreign Secretary will be visiting Jaffna and Trincomalee besides Kandy.   

China’s military ties with the Sri Lankan government have also grown.  China has gifted a frigate to the Sri Lanka navy. It has also undertaken to supply counter-intelligence surveillance technologies in a U$ 14 million deal.

When India’s Foreign Minister S. Jaishankar met his Sri Lankan counterpart G.L.Peiris in New York on the sidelines of the 76th.session of the UN General Assembly, he stressed the need for implementing pending Indian projects on the grounds that doing so would give more confidence to New Delhi to move forward in enhancing relations,” thus  subtly making it a condition for better ties.    

Given the concerns in New Delhi and pressure from the US (which is eager to involve Sri Lanka in its anti-China Indo-Pacific strategy) ) Colombo has begun making amends. Due to the ongoing economic crisis and also due to pressure from the Western human rights lobby,  Sri Lanka is now eager to build bridges with the West. It is trying to live down the accusation that it has become a client state of China.

Western Container Terminal  

The pending Western Container Terminal project in Colombo port, earmarked for the Adanis of India, has suddenly seen the light of day. On September 30, the Adanis and Sri Lankan parties signed a 35-year U$ 650 million deal to Build, Own and Transfer (BOT) the West International Terminal (CWIT).

Significantly, the deal was signed two days ahead of the Indian Foreign Secretary’s visit to Sri Lanka.

The CEIT will have a length of 1,400 meters and an alongside depth of 20 meters. It will have an annual handling capacity of 3.2 million TEUs. The current capacity of Colombo port is 7 million TEUs. The Adanis will have 51% stake, Sri Lankan company John Keells will have 34% and the Sri Lanka Ports Authority (SLPA) 15%.

Earlier, India was to build the Eastern Container Terminal in Colombo port. But it was cancelled when Gotabaya Rajapaksa came to power. His government offered India the construction of the Western Container Terminal in lieu of the Eastern Terminal. An utterly disappointed India demurred, but finally accepted the offer, and the Adani group undertook to do the work.

US-Lanka Energy Deal

Apparently to please the US, the Lankan government has, without calling for a tender, entered into a major deal with the US company New Fortress Energy Inc., to build an LNG facility in Kerawelapitiya. The US company will have gas supply rights to the Kerawalapitya Power plant, where a 310 mw of power is operational today and an additional 350 mw is scheduled by 2023. New Fortress will initially provide the equivalent of an estimated 1.2 million gallons of LNG per day. New Fortress will also buy a 40% stake in the West Coast Power plant and build an offshore LNG receiving, storage and regasification terminal.

The Lankan opposition has lashed out at the opaque manner in which the deal was struck. But government has justified the deal on economic grounds while keeping the geopolitical aspect of it under wraps.   

Role of Market Forces

Market forces have been a major factor in changing Sri Lanka’s policy.  While China buys little from Sri Lanka, the US and EU are Sri Lanka’s biggest markets. India is also a big market – bigger than China at any rate. If Sri Lanka is to come out of its present dollar shortage, it has to export, but its markets are in the West (and India) and not in China. The EU has to be placated because it can deny Sri Lanka its GSP Plus duty concession on human rights counts. An EU inspection team is currently in Sri Lanka to assess its performance as per EU’s conditions for the GSP Plus concession. There is anxiety in Sri Lanka about its report as garment exports, running into billions of dollars, will be crippled if the report is adverse and GSP Plus is withdrawn.

Non-Alignment Provides Cover  

However, Sri Lanka is not directly saying that it is cozying up to the West or India. It is portraying the change as a re-assertion of its traditional non-aligned policy. Foreign Minister G.L.Peiris has been touting the relevance of non-alignment in his recent speeches.

EU delegation on GSP-Plus reassures Sri Lanka of continued cooperation

October 1st, 2021

Courtesy NewsIn.Asia

October 1 (newsin.asia): The Sri Lankan Foreign Minister Prof. G.L. Peiris welcomed  constructive, cordial and regular engagement between Sri Lanka and the European Union (EU) in a meeting with a five-member delegation from the EU on Friday at the Foreign Ministry.

The EU mission to Sri Lanka was led by Senior Advisor, Directorate General for Trade of the European Commission Nikolaos Zaimis, and Head of Division for South Asia of the European External Action Service (EEAS) Ioannis Giogkarakis-Argyropoulos. 

In the discussion, Foreign Minster Peiris apprised the EU delegation, inter alia, on progress in reconciliation, review of Prevention of Terrorism Act, engagement with civil society, SDG 16 initiative, and Sri Lanka’s cooperation in the Human Rights Council.

The Foreign Minister observed that Sri Lanka’s relations with the EU are wide ranging and mutually beneficial, including in the spheres of economic and development cooperation.  The EU being Sri Lanka’s second largest export destination (in 2020), the Foreign Minister highlighted the positive contribution of EU GSP plus benefits in upgrading the livelihoods of communities in the country.

In discussions with the Minister, the EU delegation welcomed the multifaceted engagement between Sri Lanka and the EU, and reassured of continued cooperation.

During the visit, the EU delegation participated in meetings related to the EU – Sri Lanka Joint Commission process and the EU GSP plus Third Cycle of Review process (2020/2021).  The meetings were attended by a broad range of stakeholders from Government comprising over 30 line agencies.

The delegation comprised senior officials from the European Commission and the EEAS, and the visit was part of Sri Lanka’s ongoing and regular engagement with the EU.  The mission also met other senior interlocutors in Government during the visit.  The Ambassador of the Delegation of the European Union to Colombo Denis Chaibi, Foreign Secretary Admiral Prof. Jayanath Colombage and senior officials of the Foreign Ministry participated in the meeting.

විශේසඥ මනෝ වෛද්‍ය ඩී. පී. ඩී විජේසිංහ මහතා පිලිබඳව

October 1st, 2021

Dr Ruwan M Jayatunge M.D.

ඊලාම් යුද්ධය ආරම්භ වූ අවස්ථාවේදී කායික තුවාල ලද සොල්දාදුවන්ට ප්‍රතිකාර කිරීමට ඉතා දක්‍ෂ ශල්‍ය විද්‍ය විශේසඥයන් ගේ සහාය යුද හමුදාවට ලැබුණි. එහෙත් යුද්දය නිසා මානසිකව තුවාල වූ සොල්දාදුවන්ට ප්‍රතිකාර කිරීමට සංග්‍රාම මනෝ විද්‍යාව පිලිබඳ දැණුම ඇති වෛද්‍යවරු සිටියේ අතලොස්සකි. ඒ අතරින් විශේසඥ මනෝ වෛද්‍ය ඩී. පී. ඩී විජේසිංහ මහතා ප්‍රමුඛයෙකි. එසේම විශේසඥ මනෝ වෛද්‍ය සරත් පඞුවාවල මහතාද මෙහිදී  මතක් කල යුතුය. 

ඊලාම් යුද්ධය නිසා මතුවූ සංග්‍රාමික විශාදය (Post Combat Depression)  , සංග්‍රාමික පශ්චාත් ව්‍යසන ක්ලමථ අක්‍රමතාව (Combat Related PTSD) පිලිබඳ හමුදා නිලධාරීන්ට තබා සමහර වෛද්‍යවරුන්ටත් එතරම් දැණුමක් තිබුනේ නැත. එසේම බොහෝ දෙනෙකු යුද්දය නිසා මතුවූ මානසික සංකූලතා ගනන් ගත්තේ නැත. මේ නිසා යුද බංකර් වල දිවි නසා ගැනීම් මෙන්ම යුද හමුදාවෙන් පළා යාම් බහුල විය. 

එවැනි කාලයක යුද්දය නිසා මානසිකව තුවාල වූ සොල්දාදුවන්ට ප්‍රතිකාර කිරීම අරඹන්නේ විශේසඥ මනෝ වෛද්‍ය ඩී. පී. ඩී විජේසිංහ සහ විශේසඥ මනෝ වෛද්‍ය සරත් පඞුවාවල ය. ඔවුන් ආරම්භ කරන ලද යුද ආතතියට ප්‍රතිකාර කිරීම විශේසඥ මනෝ වෛද්‍ය නීල් ප්‍රනාන්දු මහතා සහ මා විසින් කරගෙන ගියෙමු.   මේ නිසා 2005 වසර වන විට  සංග්‍රාමික පශ්චාත් ව්‍යසන ක්ලමථ අක්‍රමතාව (Combat Related PTSD) සංකූලතා සහිත රෝගී තත්වයක් බව යුද හමුදාව විසින් පිලි ගන්නා ලදි. 

ඊලාම් යුද්ධය නිසා මතුවූ යුද ආතතිය සඳහා ප්‍රතිකාර කිරීමට මූලිකත්වය ගෙන ක්‍රියා කල වෛද්‍ය ඩී. පී. ඩී විජේසිංහ , වෛද්‍ය සරත් පඞුවාවල මෙන්ම වෛද්‍ය නීල් ප්‍රනාන්දු යන  විශේසඥ මනෝ වෛද්‍යවරුන්ට ප්‍රණාමය හිමි විය යුතුය. 

ඇමතිවරුන්ට කටඋත්තර නැති වෙන…ඇමතිවරුන්ට හිනා යන ජනතා ප්‍රශ්න…

October 1st, 2021

තිසර සමල් – අනුරාධපුර

රට හදන සෞභාග්‍යයේ දැක්ම ප්‍රථිපත්ති ප්‍රකාශයට අනුව වාරී සෞභාග්‍යා ජාතික වැඩසටහන යටතේ ග්‍රාමීය වැව්/අමුණු සංවර්ධනය කිරීමේ ව්‍යාපෘතිය යටතේ, අනුරාධපුර, මහඉලුප්පල්ලම මහවැලි කොට්ඨාශයට අයත් මරදන්කල්ල වැව ප්‍රථිසංස්කරණ කටයුතු සමාරම්භ කිරීම ඉඩම් අමාත්‍යය එස්.එම් චන්ද්‍රසේන හා  මහවැලි කළාප ආශ්‍රීත ඇළවේලී හා ජනාවාස පොදු යටිතල පහසුකම් සංවර්ධන රාජ්‍යය අමාත්‍යය සිරිපාල ගම්ලත් යන මහත්වරුන්ගේ ප්‍රධානත්වයෙන් අද (01) ආරම්භ විය.

සුභ මොහොතින් වැවෙහි ප්‍රථිසංස්කරණ කටයුතු සමාරම්භ කෙරුණු අතර, එය පවතින නිරෝධායන නීතීන්ට අනුව අවම ජන සහභාගීත්වයකින් පැවැත්විණි.

අනතුරුව අමාත්‍යයවරුන් දෙපළ වෙත මාධ්‍යවේදීන් ප්‍රශ්න කීපයක් යොමු කරනු ලැබීය.

සහල් මිල සම්බන්ධයෙන් තිබුණ ගැසට් නිවේදනය වෙනස් වුණා, ඒ ගැන ඔබතුමාගේ අදහස මොකක්ද යැයි රාජ්‍යය අමාත්‍යය සිරිපාල් ගම්ලත් මහතාගෙන් මාධ්‍යවේදීන් විමසා සිටියේය.

එවිට අමාත්‍යය සිරිපාල ගම්ලත් මහතා නිහඩව සිටි අතර,ඒ අසල සිටි ඉඩම් අමාත්‍යය එස්.එම් චන්ද්‍රසේන මහතා එතුමාගෙන් ඒක අහන්න එපා යැයි මාධ්‍යයට පැවසීය.

කොළඹ වරායේ බටහිර පර්යන්තයේ 51%ක්  ඉන්දියාවේ සමාගමකට විකුණු බවට ප්‍රකාශයක් තියෙනවා ඒ ගැන අදහස මොකක්ද ? යැයි නැවත සිරිපාල ගම්ලත් අමාත්‍යයතුමන්ගෙන් මාධ්‍යවේදීන් විමසා සිටියේය.

මං හිතන්නේ මට වඩා හොඳට අපේ කැබිනට් ඇමතිතුමා මේ ගැන මේ වෙලාවේ පැහැදිලි කරයි.මහවැලියේ මොනවා හරි තියෙනවා නම් මගෙන් අහන්න මම උත්තර දෙන්නම් යැයි පැවසීය.

අනතුරුව මාධ්‍යවේදීන් ඉඩම් අමාත්‍යය එස්.එම් චන්ද්‍රසේන මහතාගෙන් විමසා සිටියේ,සහල් මිළ පාලනය සම්බන්ධයෙන් තිබුණ ගැසට්ටුව හදිස්සියේම වෙනස් වුණා, ඒ ගැන මොකක්ද ඔබතුමාගේ අදහස..?

කොක් හඩලා සිනා සුණු ඉඩම් අමාත්‍යයවරයා, වෙන එකක් අහන්නකෝ.. යනුවෙන් පවසා සිනාසුනී.

ඇමතිතුමා ඉන්දියාවේ අදානී සමාගමට කොළඹ වරායේ බටහිර පර්යන්තයේ කොටසක් විකුණුවා කියනවා,ඒක ගැන මොකක්ද ඔබතුමාගේ අදහස ? යැයි අනතුරුව මාධ්‍යවේදීන් විමසා සිටි අතර, ඊට පිළිතුරු ලෙස,

අපේ රටේ වරායවල් ටික හදාගන්න ඕන, ගුවන්තොටුපලවල් ටික හදාගන්න ඕන,රටට  විදුලිය අපි ලබා ගන්න ඕන, ඇත්තටම අපි පුංචි රටක් හැටියට, ඒ වගේම යහපාලන ආණ්ඩුවේ අවුරුදු 05 ක් විශාල වශයෙන් හානියක් කරපු රටක් ආර්ථික වශයෙන්, මහබැංකු මංකොල්ලය, ඒ වගේම සහරාන්ගේ බෝම්බ සිද්ධියත් එක්ක විනාශ වෙලා තිබුණ රටක් තමයි ගෝඨාභය රාජපක්ෂ මැතිතුමා ඇතුළු අපේ රජය භාරගත්තේ,ඒ ගොල්ල ඒක නොදන්නවා වගේ එක එක විවේචන කරනවා.අපිට විදුලිය ගන්න විදුලි බලාගාර හදනකොට ඒකට විරුද්ධ වෙනවා.මේ පැත්තෙන් වරායවල් ටික ප්‍රථිසංස්කරණය කරන කොට ඒකට විරුද්ධ වෙනවා.ආර්ථිකය කඩා වැටිලා තියෙන රටක් සමාගම් වලින් හෝ රටකින් මූල්‍ය ආධාර අරන් අපි ඒවා කරන්න ඕන, එහෙම නැතිව අපි පැත්තකට වෙලා හිටියොත් රට නිකම්ම නිකං රටක් වෙයි, මිනිස්සු නිකම්ම නිකං මිනිස්සු වෙයි, ආණ්ඩුවත් නිකම්ම නිකං ආණ්ඩුවක් වෙයි.එහෙම වෙන්න බෑ, අපි වැව් 14 000 ක් මේ වෙන කොට ප්‍රථිසංස්කරණය කරන්න ලෑස්ති කරලා තියෙනවා.මොරගහකන්ද ජලාශය  රජරටට ලබා දෙනවා, ඒ වගේම වාරී මාර්ග අමාත්‍යංශයෙන් විශාල වැඩ කොටසක් කර ගෙන යනවා.ඒ වගේම ග්‍රාමීය පාරවල් ලක්ෂයක් කාපට් කරනවා.තවත් සංවර්ධන වැඩ විශාල වශයෙන් කරනවා.ඒ වගේම ගරු මුදල් ඇමතිතුමා ග්‍රාමසේවා වසමකට රුපියල් ලක්ෂ 30 ගානේ සංවර්ධන කටයුතු වලට ලබා දී තිබෙනවා.ඒ කොට්ඨාශයේ ඡන්දයෙන් පත් වෙච්ච මන්ත්‍රීවරයාට ලක්ෂ 40 ක් ලබා දෙනවා.පාර්ලිමේන්තු මන්ත්‍රීවරයෙකුට ලක්ෂ 1000 ක් ලබා දෙනවා.හිටපු පළාත් සභා මන්ත්‍රීවරුන්ට ලක්ෂ 200 ක් ලබා දෙනවා.මේවා මේ අමාත්‍යංශ වලින් සිදු කරන වැඩ වලට අමතරව.මහවැලි අමාත්‍යංශයෙන්, වාරී මාර්ග අමාත්‍යංශයෙන්, ඉඩම් අමාත්‍යංශයෙන් අනෙකුත් අමාත්‍යංශ වලින් කෙරෙන කටයුතු වලට අමතරව, මේ වගේ විශාල වැඩ කොටසක් කරාගෙන යනකොට මේවා හොඳයි කියන්නේ නෑ, කොහේ හරි කොනක් අල්ලාගෙන ආණ්ඩුවට බැනිල්ල තමයි කරන්නේ.ඒ පිළිබඳව අපි ඉතාම කණගාටු වෙනවා.කොරෝනා වසංගතය වෙලාවේදී එන්නත්කරණය වැඩියෙන්ම කරන රට බවට පත් වෙලා තියෙනවා අපේ රට.දැන් මේක අඩු වේගන යනවා.ගෝඨාභය රාජපක්ෂ මැතිතුමන්ගේ මග පෙන්වීම යටතේ ඉතාම ඉක්මනින්, මේ වසංගතයත් ඉක්මනින් අවසන් වුණාට පස්සේ, ඉස්සරහට තියෙන අවුරුදු 3 ½ අපි ජනතාවට පොරොන්දු වෙච්ච සියලුම පොරොන්දු, සෞභාගයේ ඉදිරි දැක්ම කියන වැඩපිළිවෙල අපි අවසන් කරනවා.එතකොට ඔය කට මැට දොඩවන අයට පැත්තකට වෙලා ඉන්න වෙයි යැයි  ඉඩම් අමාත්‍යය එස්.එම් චන්ද්‍රසේන මහතා පැවසීය.

අද ලෝක ළමා දිනය හෝ විශ්ව ළමා දිනය නොවේ!

October 1st, 2021

රජිත් කීර්ති තෙන්නකෝන් 

මුහුණු පොතේ ලෝක ළමා දින, විශ්ව ළමා දින සුබ පැතුම් වැහි වැහැලාය.  අද ලෝක ළමා දිනය නොවේ.  අත්වැරැද්දකින් ලංකාවේ ළමා දිනය සමරණ දිනයයි.

1954 දී විශ්ව ළමා දින සැමරුම ආරම්භ විය.  1959 නොවැම්බර් 20 දී එක්සත් ජාතීන්ගේ සම්මේලනය විසින් ළමා අයිතිවාසිකම් පිළිබඳ ප්‍රඥප්තිය (Declaration of the Rights of the Child) සම්මත කර ගන්නා ලදී. 1989 නොවැම්බර් 20 දින එක්සත් ජාතීන් විසින් ළමා අයිතිවාසිකම් පිළිබඳ ප්‍රකාශනය (Convention on the Rights of the Child)  සම්මත විය.  ලංකාව 1990 ජනවාරි 26 ළමා අයිතිවාසිකම් සම්මුතියට අත්සන් කළා. එය ලංකාවේ බලාත්මක කෙරෙුණේ 1991 ජුලි 12 යි.

ඉතිං 1990 සිට ලෝක ළමා දිනය විදිහට සලකන්නේ සැමරුම් උත්සව තියන්නේ මේ  ප්‍රඥප්ති දෙකක් සම්මත කර ගත් නොවැම්බර් 20 යි. ලංකාවේ බහුතරයක් පෝස්ට් දාන අද (ඔක්තෝබර් 1) නොවේ.

ලෝක ළමා දිනය සමරන්නේ ඇයි ද? යන්න එක්සත් ජාතීන්ගේ සංගමයත්, යුනිසෙෆ් ආයතනයත් මෙසේ ප්‍රකාශ කරයි.  ‘‘World Children’s Day offers each of us an inspirational entry-point to advocate, promote and celebrate children’s rights, translating into dialogues and actions that will build a better world for children.‘‘  ඉතිං, මම මේ සටහන මගේ ‘ඇඩ්වකසි පාට් එක‘ වෙනුවෙන් ලියා තබමි.

අද ලෝක වැඩිහිටි දිනය දවසත් එක්ක ලංකාවේ ලෝක ළමා දිනය කියා ටොම් පචයක් සමරන්නේ ඇයි?

ඒක අත්වැරැද්දක්.  අපි දැන් සෑහෙන්න කාලයක් ළමයින්ට වෙච්ච අත් වැරැද්ද ඔක්තෝබර් 1 දින සමරනවා. 

ප.ලි. 2019 මම මේක නිවැරදි කරන්න කතා කළා. ලොක්කෙක් කිව්වා, ‘සර් ජනාධිපතිවරණය තියෙන්නේ නොවැ. 16 . සර් දන්නවානේ ආණ්ඩුව මාරුවෙන්න පුළුවන්. ඉතිං අපි මේ සැරේටත් ඔක්තෝබර් 1 දා ළමා දිනය සමරමු කියලා.   2019 ළමා දින නිල උත්සවය  තිබුණේ මාතලේ නිසා ආණ්ඩුකාරවරයා ලෙස නිල උත්සවයේ ආරාධිතයෙක් විදිහට මට යන්න සිද්ධ වුණා.

ලබන අවුරුද්දේවත් අත් වැරැද්ද නිවැරදි කරලා නොවැම්බර් 20 ලෝකයත් එක්ක විශ්ව ළමා දිනය සමරමු.

රජිත් කීර්ති තෙන්නකෝන් 

කබ්රාල් වැඩ පෙන්නයි.. අත්‍යවශ්‍ය නොවන භාණ්ඩ ආනයන සීමා ඉවතට.. සය මසික සැලැස්ම එලිදක්වයි..

October 1st, 2021

උපුටා ගැන්ම ලංකා සී නිව්ස්

ශ්‍රී ලංකා මහ බැංකුවේ අධිපති අජිත් නිවාඩ් කබ්රාල් මහතා විසින් ‘සාර්ව ආර්ථික සහ මූල්‍ය පද්ධති ස්ථායීතාව සහතික කිරීම සඳහා වන සය මාසික පෙර දැක්ම’ අද (01) දින ප්‍රකාශයට පත්කරනු ලැබීය.

ශ්‍රී ලංකා මහ බැංකු පරිශ්‍රයේ දී අද පෙරවරුවේ මෙම එළිදැක්වීම සිදුකළ අතර අත්‍යාවශ්‍ය නොවන ආනයන සඳහා පනවා තිබූ සියයට 100 ක ආන්තික තැන්පතු අවශ්‍යතාවය වහාම අහෝසි කිරීම, ජාත්‍යන්තර ස්වෛරීය බැඳුම්කර දළ දේශීය නිෂ්පාදිතයෙන් ප්‍රතිශතයක් ලෙස 10%ක ප්‍රමාණයකට අඩු කිරීම, දැනට ලබා දී තිබෙන ණය පමා කිරීමේ ක්‍රමවේදය තවදුරටත් කරගෙන යාම සඳහා අවශ්‍ය ද්‍රවශීලතාවය ලබා දීම ඇතුළු කරුණු රැසක් මෙහිදී ප්‍රකාශයට පත්කෙරිණි.

පහත දැක්වෙන්නේ එහි සඳහන් කරුණු කිහිපයකි.

  • රටේ බොරතෙල් බිල්පත් ගෙවීමට අවශ්‍ය මුදල් සපයමින් විදේශ විනිමය වෙළෙඳපොළ වෙත ද්‍රවශීලතාවය වැඩි කිරීම.
  • විනිමය අනුපාතිකය පිළිබඳ සහතිකයක් ලබා දී රුපියල් වටිනාකම මගින් නාමනය කරන ලද රජයේ සුරැකුම්පත්වල ආයෝජනය ප්‍රවර්ධනය කිරීම.
  • අත්‍යාවශ්‍ය ලෙස රුපියල් බවට පරිවර්තනය කිරීමට සිදුවන ඒ ක්‍රියාමාර්ගය දියත් කිරීම.
  • අපනයන සඳහා බදු සහන – රජයට කියා සිටිනවා ඕනෑම අපනයනයක් අපනයනයක් බවට පත්වෙන්නේ ඒ අපනයනය අන්තිමටම රැපියල් බවට පත් වීම හරහා. රුපියල් එන්නට ඕනේ රටට. ඒ නිසා විශේෂ සහන ආකාරයට බදු සහනයක් ලබා දීම, සාමාන්‍යෙන් බදු ගෙවන්නේ සියයට 28 නම් එය සියයට 14 බවට පත්කරන්නේ ඒ පදනම මත.
  • දැනට ලබා දී තිබෙන ණය පමා කිරීමේ ක්‍රමවේදය තවදුරටත් කරගෙන යාම සඳහා අවශ්‍ය වෙනවා නම් ද්‍රවශීලතාවය ඒ ද්‍රවශීලතාවය ලබා දීමට මහ බැංකුව ඉදිරිපත් වීම.
  • Parate execution වලින් දේපළ පවරා ගැනීම සහ  වාහන පවරා ගැනීම ඊළඟ මාස 06 තුළ දී නැවැත්වීමට බැංකු සහා බැංකු නොවන ක්ෂේත්‍රයට නියෝග ලබා දීම.
  • වසංගතය ඔස්සේ ව්‍යාපාරවලට වී ඇති හානිය දුරුකිරීම සඳහා ණය වැඩිපුර ගෙවීමට ඇති තැන්වල දී, ණය ගෙවීමට අපහසු වෙන තැන්වල දී, ණය ප්‍රමාද කිරීම වෙනුවෙන් සහනයක් ලබා දීමට රුපියල් මිලියන 15,000 ක් වෙන් කිරීම.
  • දැනට පිටරටවල්වලට යන අයට තමන්ගේ මුදල් ගෙනයාමට දී තිබෙන සහන ජනවාරි 01 සිට දිගටම ලබා දීම. අධ්‍යාපන සහ සෞඛ්‍ය සඳහා මුදල් ලබා ගැනීමට බලාපොරොත්තු වෙන අයට මුදල් ලබා දීම.
  • අත්‍යාවශ්‍ය නොවන, හදිසි නොවන ආනයන සඳහා පනවා තිබූ ආන්තික මුදල් තැන්පතු අවශ්‍යතාවය වහාම ක්‍රියාත්මක වන පරිදි අත්හිටුවීම.
  • 2022 ජනවාරි 01 සිට බලපැවැත්වෙන පරිදි විදේශ විනිමය ගනුදෙනු අධීක්ෂණය සඳහා ජාත්‍යන්තර ගනුදෙනු වාර්තා කරන පද්ධතියක් ස්ථාපිත කිරීම.
  • සේවා සම්බන්ධ විදේශ විනිමය ගලා ඒම් අධීක්ෂණය කිරීම සහ එම මුදල් ආපසු රට තුළට ගෙන්වා ගැනීම සහ පරිවර්තනය කිරීම සහතික කිරීම.
  • කල්පිරෙන ණය ගැනීම සහ සෑම අවස්ථාවක දීම ණය නොවන මූලාශ්‍ර හරහා ලැබෙන නව ලැබීම් මගින් පියවීම.
  • වෙළෙඳපොළ තුළ ඉහළ මට්ටම් පවතී නම් 2022 වසරේ ජනවාරි මාසයේ සහ ජූලි මාසයේ කල්පිරෙන ජාත්‍යන්තර ස්වෛරීය බැඳුම්කරයන් හි සමස්ත නිකුතුව ආපසු මිල දී ගැනීම සඳහා සලකා බැලීම.
  • ජාත්‍යන්තර ස්වෛරීය බැඳුම්කර දළ දේශීය නිෂ්පාදිතයෙන් ප්‍රතිශතයක් ලෙස 10%ක ප්‍රමාණයකට අඩුකිරීම.
  • ස්වෛරීය ශ්‍රේණිගත කිරීම ඉහළ නැංවීමට පියවර ගැනීම.
  • නිල මාර්ග ඔස්සේ විදේශ සේවා නියුක්තිකයන්ගේ ප්‍රේෂණ ලබා ගැනීමට දිරි ගැන්වීම.
  • මුදල් හුවමාරු කරන්නන්ගේ බලපත්‍ර 27 ක් අද සිට නැවත ලබා දීම.

– adaderana

100% cash margin rule on non-essential imports removed

October 1st, 2021

Courtesy The Daily Mirror

The 100 percent cash margin rule on non-essential imports will be removed with immediate effect, the Central Bank Governor Ajith Nivard Cabraal said.

Presenting the ‘Six-month Road Map for ensuring macro-economic and financial system stability,’ Cabraal this morning, Cabraal said a decision towards this was taken considering the hardships faced by the importers and consumers as a result of significant increases in prices of such commodities.

The Central Bank under the previous Governor Prof.W.D. Lakshman, in early last month decided to impose a 100 percent cash margin deposit requirement against the importation of selected goods of non-essential/non-urgent nature made under letters of credit.

The decision to impose the cash margin deposit requirement is expected to support the ongoing efforts to preserve the stability of the exchange rate and foreign currency market liquidity, particularly by discouraging excessive imports of speculative nature,” the Central Bank said.

95% of over-30 population fully vaccinated in Sri Lanka

October 1st, 2021

Courtesy Adaderana

The President’s Media Division says that approximately 95% of the country’s population over the age of 30 years has been vaccinated with both doses of Covid-19 vaccines. 

Issuing a statement, it said that those in the age group of 20-30 years and children aged between 12-19 years are currently being vaccinated. 

This observation was made at the online meeting of the Special Committee on COVID-19 Control chaired by Finance Minister Basil Rajapaksa this morning (October 01).

Approximately 95% of the total population over the age of 30 has been vaccinated with both doses. The vaccination of people in the age group of 20 to 30 years and the vaccination of children aged 12 to 19 years, who are with chronic diseases, is being carried out successfully. 

The Special Committee on COVID-19 Control decided to conduct a comprehensive census of vaccinations as soon as possible.

Easter Attacks: Court serves charges on Pujith and Hemasiri

October 1st, 2021

Courtesy Adaderana

The Colombo High Court has served charges on former Inspector General of Police (IGP) Pujith Jayasundera and former Defense Secretary Hemasiri Fernando.

The duo was served charged over the negligence of duties on the 2019 Easter Sunday terror attacks.

The case was taken up before the Trial-at-Bar at the Colombo High Court today (October 01).

Subsequently, the next hearing of the case was scheduled for November 22.

Sri Lanka records 58 new COVID-19 fatalities

October 1st, 2021

Courtesy Adaderana

The total number of people who fell victim to COVID-19 infection in Sri Lanka moved up as 58 more fatalities were confirmed by the Director-General of Health Services on Thursday (Sep. 30).

The new development has pushed the official death toll from the virus outbreak in Sri Lanka to 12,964.

As per the data released by the Department of Government Information, the latest victims include 27 males and 31 females.

As many as 48 deaths were reported among elderly people aged above 60 years. In addition, 10 individuals aged between 30-59 years have also succumbed to the virus infection.

Covid-19: another 249 cases takes daily count to 893

October 1st, 2021

Courtesy Adaderana

The Ministry of Health says that another 249 persons have tested positive for Covid-19, increasing the daily count of new cases reported within today to 893.

Accordingly, this brings the total number of Covid-19 cases registered in Sri Lanka to 518,775.

47,726 coronavirus infected patients are currently under medical care and home-based care across the island while total recoveries stands at 458,085.

The death toll due to the virus meanwhile has risen to 12,964.

THE ELEPHANT IN SRI LANKA Part 4

September 30th, 2021

KAMALIKA PIERIS

revised 12.10.21

In the Udarata kingdom, the forests in the central highland were a protected reserve where elephants lived undisturbed. British and European writers have given us information on these habitats. The districts, in which the elephants most abound, are all hilly and mountainous, they said. There was not a mountain or a lofty piece of land which the elephant had not traversed.

 The elephants generally keep along the backbone of a chain of hills, avoiding steep gradients, they added. But there is no range so elevated as to be inaccessible to them.  In 1840, Skinner had found the spore of an elephant on the summit of Sri Pada.  In 1847   elephants were found on the Ramboda pass on the road to Nuwara Eliya”.

The agility of the elephants to negotiate the steepest hill was highlighted in the Ceylon Observer (1865), regarding an attempt to capture elephants in Avissawella.   The kraal was constructed close to a wall of rock so precipitous and high that they did not think an additional barrier was necessary. The elephants climbed up the rocks and escaped. ”

European writers spoke of the Elephant paths” created by the elephants in the hill country. When a herd of twenty or thirty of these colossal beasts have marched in single file through the woods, an open road of some yards wide is left ready beaten, as good as heart can desire in a wilderness, said  Ernst Haeckel  (1883)speaking of an elephant path in the Nilu  forest at Horton Plains.

These paths were well known to the Sinhalese. The Portuguese, when approaching Balana fort, had tried to enter from the rear, using the Ali mankada, two leagues from Balane. But   they found it   well fortified. This showed that the elephant corridors were known to the public.

Elephants had some sort of steering instinct. When crossing valleys from ridge to ridge, through forests so dense as to   prevent a view   of   what is ahead, the elephants invariably select the route which was the safest path between the two points. ‘The elephant’s path is an excellent specimen of engineering. It winds judiciously’, said Hooker, writing in the Himalayan Journal . The British used these elephant paths, alimankada, when they created the upcountry road network for the estates and estate towns.

The British were not interested in the elephant trade. They continued the capture of elephants for some time but it was low-priority. The number of kraals were reduced. The British abolished the Elephant Hunt in 1832  and the export of elephants came to an end.

British rule was not a happy time for the elephants. The elephant lost its royal status and its protected position. Instead, the British engaged in shooting elephants as a form of sport. Large numbers of elephants were killed in this way, as sport. The present Ruhuna National Park was the Resident Sportsmen’s Shooting Reserve, an area reserved for the sporting pleasure of British residents in the country.

the magnificent elephant was declared a pest and hunted for sport. It is recorded that at the beginning of the nineteenth century there were at least 19 500 elephants and at the turn of the twentieth century there were only an estimated 2 000. This drastic reduction was brought about by indiscriminate capture and wanton killing (Jayewardene, 1994).

 A reward of a few shillings was placed for the head of an elephant, and from 1845 – 1856, 3500 rewards were claimed in the Northern Province alone. Tennent records the official killing from 1845 – 1856 as being 5500 elephants in the Northern and Southern Province. During the period 1851 – 1856, a similar reward of a paltry number of shillings was paid for 2000 elephants killed in the Southern Province between Galle and Hambantota.

Major Thomas Rogers had killed 1500 elephants. Captain Galloway and Major Skinner are each reputed to have killed over 750 elephants. Many others had killed 250-300 elephants each. Such willful decimation of elephants was never seen before, observed Ashley de Vos. 

Elephants were also shot by the planters. British planters, who were opening up coffee and tea plantations shot trespassing elephants without hesitation. Not only did the British government encourage and condone killings but it also paid a bounty for each elephant killed, saying the elephant was an agricultural pest.

The British administration   also provided guns freely to villagers to keep away elephants from their cultivations. Farmers, who had hitherto protected their crops from marauding elephants by other means, now had a much easier method. They shot at them and either maimed or killed them.

Elephant populations that had been able to withstand the detrimental effects of capture all these years now started diminishing. There was wanton and indiscriminate destruction of the elephant herds.

The British administration did not kill all the elephants. They kept some to be used for their purposes.  Trained elephants were used to start the tea plantations. The elephants were first used to destroy the forests which had been their home. They were used to clear the virginal montane forests to plant tea, cinchona and coffee.  Elephants uprooted the trees in these forests and cleared the area

They were next used for drawing logs for the construction of buildings, and stones and rocks for constructing bridges, culverts, and walls in the plantations.

Thirdly, they were used to transport machinery and other heavy items needed for the tea factory on the plantation. Most plantations employed elephants on a rate determined daily on the type of work they performed said Ranjith Bandara and Clem Tisdell.  Picture of Elephants taking a boiler From Marshall, Sons & Co., Gainsboro England to a tea factory, Ceylon can be seen at https://www.pinterest.com/pin/127156389450093372/.

Elephants were used for other types of haulage too. Elephants were used to bring in the fifty four granite pillars used in the Trinity College Chapel, in the building period, 1923 to 1935. Elephants were used to transport the granite stone blocks quarried in Aruppola. They were 18 feet long and 3 feet square each weighing about 3 metric tons. These   were loaded on trolleys specially made for transporting one pillar at a time. One elephant pulled the trolley and another pushed from behind.

The blocks were hauled by two elephants, one pulling and one pushing, for a distance of three miles to the school premises; and then another three hundred feet up the slope of the hill to the Chapel site”. They were brought to Kandy at the rate of 2 per month.

Photographs of elephants hauling in pillars to the chapel site   can be seen at https://www.trinitycollege.lk/2019/11/05/pioneering-days-of-the-trinity-college-chapel-images-from-1922-to-1935/

Elephants were also used to bring stone pillars to the new building at Dalada Maligawa, Kandy. Carved granite pillars seventy to hundred feet high had to be erected for the new building at the back of the Dalada Maligawa. British engineers said such haulage was not possible. Tikiri Banda Panabokke, Minister of Health in State Council (1931) had said it could be done using elephants. And so it proved , recalled Panabokke’s grandson, Derrick Nugawela.

Wealthy individuals   owned elephant drawn carts during the British occupation. Sir Solomon Dias Bandaranaike had owned a huge cart, about ten feet high, for transporting coconut and paddy from his estates. Sirimavo Bandaranaike had gifted this to the Martin Wickremasinghe Museum and it is on exhibit there.

The British rulers do not seem to have interfered with elephants in temples, elephants in peraheras, elephants bathing or private ownership of elephants. The Kandyan chiefs were allowed to hold kraals, and from 1800 to 1900, fifty two kraals were held. The last Kraal was held in 1952, said Jayantha Jayewardene. (Continued)

Does Terror ideology stem from hate verses in scripts – Gnanasara Thero & Minister Sarath Weerasekera

September 30th, 2021

Shenali D Waduge

What is the reason for 99% of terrorists resorting to suicide terrorism & other forms of terror? What differentiates these terrorists from others is that they quote their holy verses before committing the crime. How connected is this to the overall fear by non-Muslims regarding these verses? If the duty of intel & security authorities is to ensure another 21/4 does not repeat & to ensure the country is safe & secure for all citizens, not just one community, why is it that their efforts end up being diverted by well-funded campaigns citing ‘islamophobia’! Their duty cannot be diluted simply because some NGO figures or others in high positions claim anything against their community is offensive. Most of these reactions are for their own personal/political gains & have nothing to do with concern for their community. When 99% of global attacks are related to terrorism based on religious superiority and by 4 main groups of which ISIS wants to create a Caliphate in Sri Lanka and when the Easter Sunday suicide bombers claim to be part of the ISIS, why should Muslims feel offended when someone says that a terrorist attack may happen in the future. Is it not because Tamil leaders and Tamils pooh-poohed LTTE that LTTE was allowed to grow & become lethal? Therefore, citizens cannot ignore that the Easter Sunday attack took Sri Lanka by surprise, though local intel were aware of pocket groups aligned to the ideology & had been monitoring them. Verbal statements is nowhere near as deadly as an attack that took place on 21/4. It was no isolated attack motivated by an isolated objective. Therefore, no one should take offence when anyone publicly says that the threat of future attacks persists – isn’t this why 32 countries of the world continue to ban LTTE even after its demise in May 2009? So long as the ideology is the source of the terrorism – the State & its citizens have every right to be alert.

When all of the Islamic/Islamist terrorists commit mass murder in the name of their religion, which included the Sri Lankan student-turned refugee who stabbed 5 persons in New Zealand – there is certainly cause for concern. Why are those who got offended by the Admiral’s or the thero’s interviews/statements not offended more by these suicide bombers committing mass murder in the name of their religion.

Many denounced the crime after it was committed but until it was committed, no one knew he was going to. However, in the case of the 21/4 suicide bombers, there was a nexus planning to execute the crime – this nexus was much larger than the 9 suicide bombers who think they went to heaven!

This is the very reason that the Sri Lankan authorities cannot and should not let their guard down simply because there appears to be a campaign to divert the attention under a feigned projection of targeting ALL Muslims.

Let us remind all that quite a number of the said community was aware of large numbers of swords being hidden in various places across the island. How many reported this? There were foreign preachers in remote parts of the island, how many reported these? The arrests made soon after 21/4 revealed that the majority of them were in the intel monitoring list and if we recall some of these special units were disbanded after 2015 crippling their operations. The person who reported the Mawanella Buddha statue disfiguring, was eventually shot by Zaharan’s group and today remains injured for life. https://www.dailymirror.lk/breaking_news/Informant-of-Easter-Sunday-suspects-rewarded/108-218514

When Islamic scholar Usthaz Rasheed Hajjul Akbar (uncle of those who defamed the Buddha statue on Mawanella) was detained by CID in August 2019, Latheef Farook was quick to write in his defence Demonised, battered and ostracised Muslim community of Sri Lanka is deeply disturbed at the detention of respected Islamic scholar”. The National Shoora Council, All Ceylon YMMA conference, All Ceylon Union of Muslim League Youth Front, Muslim Council of Sri Lanka, Muslim Media forum and All Ceylon Jamiathul Ulema even petitioned for his release. He was arrested in March 2021 under PTA – https://www.newsfirst.lk/2021/03/13/ex-leader-of-jamaat-e-islami-arrested-under-pta/

Therefore, the onus is on the Muslim community to be alert to the preachers that preach to them, the mosques that preach radicalism, the foreign preachers that arrive etc. Have such reports been made since 21/4 to the security agencies as the nexus that plotted to commit 21/4 is still at large – Muslims must help locate the locals involved in this mass murder, whatever powerful positions they hold and powerful people should not use their clout to prevent investigations or arrest citing islamophobia” – we do not wish to see a bloodbath similar to 21/4.

Planning to kill close to 300 innocent people is nothing that can be forgotten or forgiven. What often happens is that political/economical & social pressures are exerted to delay or divert the punishment of the perpetrators as we have seen regarding the campaign around the arrested lawyer linked to 21/4 whose charity was accepting funds from an internationally banned entity. Given the international clout of these entities & personages linked to them, can we expect true justice? While the same parties will be quoting all the law books when they claim to be ‘discriminated’.

Therefore, instead of nit-picking on statements and carrying wrong placards – everyone is duty-bound to ensure no innocent live is compromised in the name of religion or controversial religious texts.

Alternatively, it is good to tabulate the verses being quoted by terrorists and either issue a global clarification or have them removed altogether if it can prevent radicalization & extremisms.

With ISIS claiming to make Sri Lanka a Caliphate & knowing the Western-brains that manipulate ISIS, Muslims must understand the dangers lurking which requires them to ensure that their youth do not get roped into radicalism. The issue at hand is the fact that suicide in the name of religion is regarded as a noble act & not something to abhor and this factor must be looked into by the Muslim community. Our goal is to prevent another generation of brainwashed youth who become mere pawns in a bigger game that seeks to only kill & destroy & destabilize nations. We must now understand the bigger picture. Politicians of this community must not commit the same mistake that the politicians linked to LTTE did – a camouflage to gain votes & enjoy parliamentary privileges and political panache!

What the Government should do to get rid of the present financial crisis ailing the country?

September 30th, 2021

Dr Sudath Gunasekara 

Definitely one doesn’t need to be a financial or an economic wizard or a John Keynes to un-mess this mess that has emerged as a direct result of mismanagement of the nation’s economy by all those who were in charge of Governance in this country, since 1977. What you need is only common sense and the guts to take a decision do it. Therefore the following set of proposals is listed here for the consideration and immediate action by the Government.”Lindata wetunu miniha linkatenma goda enta one’ is the most appropriate adage I can quote here. This mess is nothing but a collective mess created by our own politicians. Therefore the onerous of taking the full responsibility for this national crime as well as finding a suitable remedy for the malady, they themselves have jointly created, also falls definitely on all their heads, including those who are dead and gone to hell.

The present government must take these decisions immediately before the situation become worse that might lead even to a civil war against it, going by the way how things are already getting out of control around the country. A stitch in time saves nine. But in doing so I must warn the government that it has to completely forget about the vote fever, because it is your responsibility and unbounded duty by the nation at this critical time.

35 very important steps that have to be taken immediately to ease the present crisis.

1 Stop all extravagant and wasteful expenses of the government

2 Ban the import of all luxury and non-essential goods

3 Increase the prices of local products to encourage local production

4 Remove extra perks to all politicians and public Servants (It is said that 85% of national income is spent on maintaining politicians and public servants supposed to be the highest per-man ratio in the world)

5 Stop all state tamasas and useless political functions for image building and meetings of public servants to the bare minimum limiting them to the most essentials.  

6 Close down all Governors Offices and allow the Government Agents and Divisional AGAA and Grama Seva Niladharis to run the Administration and Coordination of development in their Districts, Divisions and Graama Niladhari Units

7 Close down the 9 Provincial Councils epidemic permanently now that they have ceased to function almost for the past 5 years without any disruption of day to day to governance of the country. Attaché public servants displaced as a result to suitable Government offices in the districts

  1. Use the PG buildings to house public offices presently housed on rented out buildings.
  2.  And transfer the functions done by the PCC to the GAA’s and AGAA’s offices and the respective line Ministry sub-offices in the Districts so that the smooth delivery of services to people will continue uninterrupted.

8 Scrap all superfluous government institutions such as mushroom Ministries, Departments and statutory bodies created to provide jobs for supporters of politicians

9 Reduce the number of Ministers and Ministries to 15 and appoint a Minister and a Deputy under him to run each Ministry instead of having 70 different Ministries, 30 Cabinet and 40 State Ministers, (as if the Cabinet Ministers are not Ministers of the Sri Lankan State at present) in this small country just to provide employment for a set of unproductive Politicians at high cost just to keep them satisfied with no substantive contribution to the country but has only increased  duplication, waste, corruption, confusion, inefficiency and rivalry among them. This move will drastically reduce the number of wasteful institutions, excess officials, waste and corruption and also reduce hundreds of government institutions that waste billions of public funds with no substantive contribution to the country but making us a nation of beggars.

10 Close down all the Embassies and Consular Offices of smaller countries and ask the nearest Embassy to overlook them.

11 Close down all Pradeiya Sabhas (mere duplicates of Provincial Councils) and go back to the former VC system and allocate PS buildings to line departments working in the areas, and assign the present Members to their respective Village Council areas to work under the District Commissioners of Local Government

12 Stop payments for all officials for attending meetings, as they are only part of their official duties

13Limit the number of vehicles and personal staff to Ministers and Deputies including security

14 Withdraw official vehicles from all public officers and let all public servants to have their own vehicles to do their official travelling and pay a commuted allowance and mileage for travelling out of duty stations on official duties. Provide them with a loan to buy a vehicle like in the past for which the Govt need not provide drivers or fuel. It is interesting to note that even in America, whhic is supposed to be the richest country in the world no politician or public servant is given official vehicles, drivers or fuel and they have to pay even for parking in the parking lots.

15 Never renew the duty free Vehicle system to anybody including politicians and public servants. However the Government may have a system of duty free system of vehicles, machinery and raw material etc under strict and close supervision for agricultural and Industrial sector to promote development in those sectors.

16 Let the Public Servants run the Ministries under the general supervision of the respective Ministry Secretaries. Do away with the present practice of providing a band of personal staff that virtually run the Ministries today making it a mockery and a mere political party office killing the spirit and the essence of an impartial public service. Provide only a private Secretary.

17 Stop providing houses for Politicians in Colombo. Instead provide them with a common place, like in the past (Sravasti) for them to stay when they come to Colombo on duty for the 8 days they are expected to attend so that they will be compelled to live in their electorates for the rest of the month.

Transactions in Embassies

18 Get the Diplomats to attend to all government to Government business and cut down all unnecessary foreign travel for politicians except under very special situations

The need to have the Supply and Cadre Division in the Treasury reactivated and strictly complied with its rules and regulations

19 Get the Treasury to have fixed cadre for all Ministries and Government Departments and statutory bodies and corporations that should not be exceeded without the prior approval of the Treasury to expenditure under treasury control and to stop packing public institutions with unqualified political appointees 

20 Remove all excess staff of all public institutions as early as possible after a quick survey by the Supply and Cadre Division.

21 Give all Government institutions daily, monthly and annual targets to ensure that every person does a quantum of work for the money he/she is paid and hold the heads of the Divisions responsible for running those institutions efficiently and profitably

Payment of fabulous salaries for certain public Sector employees

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     22 Stop all fabulous salary payments made to some people Like the Chairman of Air Lanka for example which was reported in the press few days ago as Rs 32 lahks a month.

 Recovery of CB scan money

23Take immediate action to recover money robed from the CB and confiscate the properties of all found guilty in addition to other punishments under law.

24 Entrust Administration to professional public servants and stop politicians from meddling with day to day Administration of Government institutions and thereby disrupting smooth governance of the country.

25 Also close down Regional and Divisional offices of Government Departments and corporations etc opened in the recent past just to recruit more people to public Service as a fashion without considering the ramifications involved in public spending with no parallel improvement in the delivery of public services.

National Austerity Year

26 Declare a national Austerity year and Agricultural Production year and give top priority for self-sufficiency and export development in the agricultural sector.

Remove all duel citizens from Parliament

27 Remove all Ministers and MPP who are dual citizens both in the Govt and the opposition in Parliament immediately as they are persons with divided allegiance and keep those places vacant until a general election  

 Inquire in to assets of MPP in Parliament form 1977

28 Initiate actions to Identify Politicians who have been in Parliament from 1970 and investigate their assets at the time of joining and the present and confiscate all wealth proved had been illegally a)amazed and remove the civil right of those found guilty for life

Defeated Politicians holding public positions

29 Remove all defeated and ex-politicians holding appointments as Diplomatas, and any other post at Home like Chairmen of state institutions and replace them with professional men who can do those jobs to increase efficiency and profit.

The need for a vigorous national food Production Drive

30 Commence a vigorous National food Production Drive in the agricultural and livestock sectors with a full gear of the Government like loans, implements, fertilizer, guaranteed prices and extension services, storage and marketing facilities for domestic and export market with incentives like tax concessions to be followed up with a staggered import ban on all items on all Agricultural an dallied products.

Reduce the number of politicians and public servants in the country

31 I have found that the number of Politicians and public servants has undergone a tremendous increase since 1977 due to increasing the number of public institutions and multiplying administrative divisions like GS and Local Government units. As a result it has been reported that today there is one politician for every 3232 persons and one public servant for every 16 people in this country and 85 % of annual public revenue is spent on the upkeep of politicians and public servants. This I think is the highest figure for any country in the world. In addition to this curse, is the very high expenditure on social welfare, like health, education and public relief that has to be met with the balance 15 %. No wonder the country’s economy has fallen to this level.

Reduce the extremely high number of Public holidays for any country in the world as it we are living in the Aalakamandaava.

32 Reduce the extremely high number of Public holidays to internationally accepted average of 12 per year to increase the number of man days that could be gainfully used for development

For example you can use the following model

National Holidays

1April 13th and 14th Sinhala New Year day    2days

2 Vesak Poya                                                      2 days

3 Republic Day May 22                                     1 day

4 Poson Poya Jatika dinaya                              1 day

5 National heroes Day (has to be decided)   1 Day (May 9) LTTE Defeat

Optional Public Holidays. Sundays 12/ or the balance 10 Depoya Common to all   to be decided after discussion. This will make the total no of Public holidays  either  17 or 19  This will boost production in all sectors due to an increase in the number of working hours            

All other holidays presently declared as National Holidays like Christmass, Good Friday. Maha Sivaratri, Deepawali Thaipongal, Mohomads Birth Day, Hajji Festival, Ramasan Should be declared holidays only for the respective religious communities. This I think is the best arrangement any Government should make to protect the country’s Sinhala Buddhist identity.

33 Withdraw political rights from all public servants, other than the right to vote to bring back discipline and sanity to public service so that we can have an efficient and productive and disciplined loyal public service under strict supervision of the immediate supervisory officers.

34 Remove the 29 National list MPP from Parliament who are not elected by the people by a motion with the consensus of other parties pending Amendment to the Constitution.

35 Stop payment of bonuses and overtime in all institutions that don’t show a profit in their annual balance sheets and also make annual confidential reports compulsory in all Ministries, departments and statutory institutions

Important: I request some one knowledgeable and competent to calculate the net savings that would accrue to the Government under the implementation of each of these items, if they are implemented.

This is only a few important ideas that came to one man’s head at random. I invite readers to add any other important issue that comes to their mind to make the operation a fuller success.

                                 පාලකයින්ට ණුවන පහල වේවා!

                     මගේ රටත් ජාතියත් මේ අර්බුධයෙන් ගොඩ ඒවා !

THE ELEPHANT IN SRI LANKA Part 2

September 30th, 2021

KAMALIKA PIERIS

Dhanesh Wisumperuma has researched into Religious Use of Elephants in Ancient Sri Lanka (Gajah 37 (2012) 16-21). He provides the following information.

Elephants were first used in Buddhist ceremonial processions, to receive and transport Buddhist relics from one place to another.  King Devanampiyatissa   used the state elephant to carry   relics to be enshrined in the Thuparama.

Parakramabahu I went mounted on his favorite beautiful elephant”, to receive the Tooth and Bowl relics when they were brought back from the south where they had been sent for safety during the Chola  wars.  Other elephants as well as horses were also part of this event.

In addition to relics, the    Pujavaliya (13 century) was also taken in procession on the back of the royal elephant, to show veneration, since it was a book on Buddhist religious offerings.

 The Mahavamsa shows that the Anuradhapura kings regularly had peraheras for the temples. I find it difficult to believe that elephants were not a part of these, everybody else seems to have been included. But there does not seem to be any documented reference to elephants in peraheras during this period.

When the Mahathupa was restored during the Polonnaruwa period, the procession included elephants illuminated with lamps. Parakramabahu II (1236-1270) held a seven day festival for the Tooth Relic, for which he used many elephants and horses in the procession. Vijayabahu IV (1270-1272) organized a procession to transfer the Tooth and Bowl relics of the Buddha from Dambadeniya to Polonnaruwa. The relics were taken on a chariot and the perahera included rows of highly caprisoned elephants.

King Mahadathika Mahanaga (7-19 AD) was the first king to donate an elephant to a temple. The tradition continued thereafter. Parakramabahu IV   celebrated a festival for Tooth and Bowl Relics by gifting elephants, as well as other items, to the temple.

The decision to get a tusker to carry the Tooth relic in a procession seems to have developed much later. Dalada Sirita (14 century) contained a manual for the conduct of festivals for the Tooth Relic. Dalada Sirita says for a procession during public displays of the Tooth Relic, the relic must be enshrined in a casket and placed on a decorated chariot, pulled by a tusked elephant with auspicious marks.

Ama H. Vanniarachchy has   researched into the tuskers who carried the Tooth relic at the Esala Perahera of the Dalada Maligawa in Kandy. The Relic Casket is carried and paraded only on a majestic tusker, accompanied by two other tuskers besides him, said Ama. Out of all the tamed tuskers of the country, only few are chosen as suitable enough to carry the Relic Casket. Not only their physical looks but also their personality and intelligence is considered, she added.

 She provides a comprehensive list of the important tuskers who graced the Kandy Esala Perahera with emphasis on those who    carried the relic casket in Kumbal and Randoli peraheras.

The first mentioned is Maha Raja owned by Clifford Ratwatte, 13 feet in height with perfectly proportioned body. He carried the casket from the 1920s until 1940s. After Maha Raja, the   Idampitie tusker owned by the Mawanalle Idampitiya Walawwa carried the casket.

Then it was the turn of Maligawe Raja. Raja was captured by Umeru Lebbe in 1925 under permit at Eravur. He was bought by Mampitiye Disawe in 1925 and in 1931 was     gifted to the Dalada Maligawa. Raja’s first Dalada Perahera was in 1937. He was the leading tusker in Dalada Peraheras till 1987.

He was declared a National Treasure by President J.R. Jayewardene. Raja’s picture was printed in the thousand rupee note and a 75 cent stamp was also released with the picture of Raja. This was the first time in Asia that a stamp was released in honor of an animal. Raja received a State funeral when he died in 1988.

Wewaladeniya Raja was a majestic tusker captured in 1974 at Agunakolapalassa area.  He carried the casket from 1986. Heiyanthuduwe Raja was caught at Hambantota Kattakakaduwa forest in 1945.  He had 11 feet long tusks.  He carried the Relic Casket form 1991 to 2000. His skeleton is displayed at the Colombo National Museum. 

Millangoda Raja was caught in 1945 at, Anamaduwa area in Puttalam. Millangoda Raja owned the longest tusks of South Asia.  When he died, his body was preserved and is now at Molagoda Millangoda Walawwa.

Kataragama Vasana was captured in a forest near Anuradhapura and given to the Zoo. He was gifted to the Kataragama Devale when he was 5 or 6 years old. He is the lead tusker at Kataragama Perahera and lives in Kataragama. He comes up to Kandy for the Esala perahera in a special truck. He has carried the Relic Casket in several peraheras.

Sinha Raja, when a baby was separated from his herd, during the civil war in the North. He was   found in the forests in Vavuniya by the Sinha Regiment and brought to the Peradeniya Veterinary hospital for treatment for his injuries. Once he was cured he was gifted to Dalada Maligawa. Noted for his intelligence and grandeur Sinha Raja   has carried the Relic Casket at Dalada Peraheras. As at 2020, he is the sub leader of the elephant troop at the Dalada Maligawa in 2020. 

From the earliest times the Sri Lanka elephant has been depicted and glorified on temple and palace walls in sculptural or in painted form, said Ashley de Vos. Paintings of elephants, datable to the Anuradhapura period have been found at Dimbulagala and Kotiyagala. There is a painting of a happy, smiling elephant at Mara vidiya cave at Dimbulagala.   https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drawing_of_an_elephant_from_Dimulagala_Mara_Vidiya.jpg.

Elephants figure prominently in cave paintings at Miella in Kotiyagala. We noticed four .One elephant is engaged in water sports, another is carrying a lotus in its trunk. A third gives the impression it is ready to run. Lastly the frontal view of a moving elephant is shown. In the middle of an intricate ceiling design, there is also an elephant within a circle with its tail bent, reported the team at Amazing Lanka.com”.  https://amazinglanka.com/wp/en/miella/

Paintings perish, but, there are plenty of stone sculptures of elephants still remaining. https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo/sri-lanka-temple-elephant-carving.html. Elephants are featured on moon stones, walls, ponds and entrances. The moonstones in Anuradhapura are well known. Moonstone from Magul Maha Vihara, Lahugala depicts a row of tamed elephants with a rope across their belly and two mahouts.

Continuous freezes of sculptured dancing elephants are a pleasure to behold, observed Ashley de Vos. They can be seen at Ruvanveliseya. There is a row of elephants in the palace wall  in Polonnaruwa .There are several elephants carved in stone at Gadaladeniya, two free standing  at the entrance and a third in the wall.

We have all seen Isurumuniya’s delightful bas relief carving of elephants frolicking by a small pond at the entrance. One young tusker is shown already in the water looking forward to the others joining him. Ranmasu Uyana which is adjoining Isurumuniya also has similar frolicking elephants in one of the pools.

 Isurumuniya has other elephant carvings. There is an elephant carved on the outer wall of a Korawakgala. This is a standing tusker with a prominent kumbasthala. It is at the entrance of a cave shrine. Also, two tuskers can be seen seated on the side of the two guard stones at this entrance. 

 HCP Bell reports a full relief rock carving of an elephant, on the banks of the Mahaweli River. This has now disappeared.

“This piece of animal sculpture is probably unique in Ceylon. Cut in full round from a rock, life-size, are the head and shoulders of an elephant whose feet the river washed when low. The elephant stands in the water, looking slightly upstream, as though hesitating to cross. At present the river in semi-flood reaches its eyes. There are signs of ‘sets’ for some building’s foundations on a boulder adjoining, but no ruins or inscriptions are known likely to afford a clue to the object of this solitary tour de force of a skilful sculptor concluded Bell.” Unfortunately this rock sculpture no longer exists, having been blasted probably by fishermen dynamiting fish, said Jayantha Jayawardena.   (Continued)

පරිවාස භාරයේ සිටින දරුවන් නිවැරදි වෘත්තීය දිශානතියකට යොමු කිරීම වෙනුවෙන් නිපුණතා සංවර්ධන රාජ්‍ය අමාත්‍යාංශය හා කාන්තා හා ළමා සංවර්ධන රාජ්‍ය අමාත්‍යාංශය එක්වෙයි

September 30th, 2021

නිපුණතා සංවර්ධන, වෘත්තීය අධ්‍යාපන, පර්යේෂණ හා නව නිපැයුම් රාජ්‍ය අමාත්‍යාංශය

මීට සමගාමීව වෘත්තීය මාර්ගෝපදේශනයේ නව දිශානතිය පෙන්වාදෙන Youthjobs.lk වෙබ් අඩවිය දියත් කෙරේ

නිපුණතා සංවර්ධන, වෘත්තීය අධ්‍යාපන, පර්යේෂණ හා නව නිපැයුම් රාජ්‍ය අමාත්‍ය, විශේෂඥ වෛද්‍ය සීතා අරඹේපොල මැතිණියගේ සංකල්පයක් අනුව පරිවාසභාරයේ සිටින ළමුන්ට නිවැරදි වෘත්තීය අධ්‍යාපනයක් ලබාදීම වෙනුවෙන් අවබෝධතා ගිවිසුමක් අත්සන් කිරීම රාජ්‍ය අමාත්‍ය, විශේෂඥ වෛද්‍ය සීතා අරඹේපොල මැතිණියගේ සහ කාන්තා හා ළමා සංවර්ධන, පෙර පාසල් හා ප්‍රාථමික අධ්‍යාපන, පාසල් යටිතල පහසුකම් හා අධ්‍යාපන සේවා රාජ්‍ය අමාත්‍ය පියල් නිශාන්ත මැතිතුමාගේ ප්‍රධානත්වයෙන් අද (30) දින සිදුකෙරිණි.

කාන්තා හා ළමා සංවර්ධන, පෙර පාසල් හා ප්‍රාථමික අධ්‍යාපන, පාසල් යටිතල පහසුකම් හා අධ්‍යාපන සේවා රාජ්‍ය අමාත්‍යාංශ ලේකම් කුමාරි ජයසේකර  මහත්මිය සහ නිපුණතා සංවර්ධන, වෘත්තීය අධ්‍යාපන, පර්යේෂණ හා නව නිපැයුම් රාජ්‍ය අමාත්‍යාංශ ලේකම් දීපා ලියනගේ මහත්මිය විසින් මෙම අවබෝධතා ගිවිසුම අත්සන් කිරීම සිදුකරන ලදී.

ශ්‍රී ලංකා වෘත්තීය පුහුණු අධිකාරි පරිශ්‍රයේ දී අත්සන් කෙරුණු මෙම අවබෝධතා ගිවිසුම හරහා ළමා නිවාසවල සිටින ළමුන්ගේ නිපුණතා මට්ටම් හදුනාගෙන ඔවුන්ගේ හැකියාවන් අනුව නිවැරදි වෘත්තීය දිශානතියකට යොමුකරමින් සමාජගතකිරීම මෙහි මූලික අරමුණයි.

ඒ අනුව මෙම පාඨමාලා අවසානයේදී නිපුණතා සංවර්ධන, වෘත්තීය අධ්‍යාපන, පර්යේෂණ හා නව නිපැයුම් රාජ්‍ය අමාත්‍යාංශයේ වෘත්තීය අධ්‍යාපන ආයතන සම්බන්ධීකරණයෙන් ජාතික වෘත්තීය සුදුසුකම් සහතික (NVQ) පිරිනැමීම සිදුකරයි.

 මෙයට සමගාමීව නිපුණතා සංවර්ධන, වෘත්තීය අධ්‍යාපන, පර්යේෂණ හා නව නිපැයුම් රාජ්‍ය අමාත්‍යාංශය මගින් පාසල් සිසු සිසුවියන්ගේ වෘත්තීය අධ්‍යාපනයේ නිවැරදි දිශානතිය පෙන්වාදෙන ‘ඔබට ඔබ සොයා දෙන YOU CAN SRI LANKA’ වෘත්තීය මාර්ගෝපදේශන ජාතික වැඩසටහන යටතේ යාවත්කාලීන කරන ලද www.youthjobs.lk වෙබ් අඩවිය දියත් කිරිම අද (30) දින නිපුණතා සංවර්ධන, වෘත්තීය අධ්‍යාපන, පර්යේෂණ හා නව නිපැයුම් රාජ්‍ය අමාත්‍ය විශේෂඥ වෛද්‍ය සීතා අරඹේපොල මහත්මියගේ ආරාධනයෙන් ගරු අධ්‍යාපන අමාත්‍ය දිනේෂ් ගුණවර්ධන මැතිතුමන් විසින් සිදුකෙරිණ.

මෙම වෙබ් අඩවිය හරහා පුද්ගලයගේ රුචිකත්වයන්, හැකියා හඳුනාගනිමින් ඔවුන්ව නිවැරදි වෘත්තිය දිශානතියට ගෙනයාම සිදුකරන අතර, වයස 16 අඩු පිරිස සඳහා වෘත්තීය ලැදියා පරීක්ෂණය හා වයස 16 වැඩි පිරිස සඳහා වෘත්තීය යතුර ලෙස පරික්ෂණයන් මෙම වෙබ්අඩවිය තුළ ඇතුලත් වේ.

තවද මෙම වෙබ් අඩවිය තුළ දැනට මාර්ගගතව කෙරෙන දේශන (Webinar) ඇතුලත් කර ඇති අතර වෘත්තීය පුහුණු ක්ෂේත්‍රයට අදාළ විශේෂඥයින් මෙම දේශනමාලා පවත්වනු ලබයි. මීට අමතරව නිපුණතා සංවර්ධන, වෘත්තීය අධ්‍යාපන, පර්යේෂණ හා නව නිපැයුම් රාජ්‍ය අමාත්‍යාංශයේ වෘත්තීය පුහුණු ආයතන පිළිබඳවද තොරතුරු ද වෙබ්අඩවිය තුළින් ලබාගැනීමේ හැකියාව පවතියි.

මෙම අවස්ථාවට ගරු අධ්‍යාපන අමාත්‍ය දිනේෂ් ගුණවර්ධන මැතිතුමන්, ගරු රාජ්‍ය අමාත්‍ය, විශේෂඥ වෛද්‍ය සීතා අරඹේපොල මැතිනිය, ගරු අධ්‍යාපන ප්‍රතිසංස්කරණ රාජ්‍ය අමාත්‍ය සුසිල් ප්‍රේමජයන්ත මැතිතුමන්, ගරු කාන්තා හා ළමා සංවර්ධන රාජ්‍ය අමාත්‍ය පියල් නිශාන්ත මැතිතුමන්, අධ්‍යාපන අමාත්‍යාංශ ලේකම්, මහාචාර්ය කපිල පෙරේරා මැතිතුමන්, රාජ්‍ය අමාත්‍යාංශ ලේකම්වරුන්, වෘත්තීය අධ්‍යාපන ආයතන ප්‍රධානීන් ඇතුළු පිරිසක් සහභාගී විය.

මාධ්‍ය ඒකකය
නිපුණතා සංවර්ධන, වෘත්තීය අධ්‍යාපන, පර්යේෂණ හා නව නිපැයුම් රාජ්‍ය අමාත්‍යාංශය

ලෝක ළමා දින පණිවුඩය

September 30th, 2021

මහින්ද රාජපක්ෂ ශ්‍රී ලංකා ප්‍රජාතාන්ත්‍රික සමාජවාදී ජනරජයේ අග්‍රාමාත්‍ය

ළමා අයිතීන් සුරැකීම සඳහා ප්‍රමුඛතාව දීම සියලුම මානව වර්ගයාගේ අතිමහත් යුතුකමකි. වැඩිහිටියන්ට එම යුතුකම මතක්කර දෙමින් සැමරෙන ලෝක ළමා දින” සැමරුම වෙනුවෙන් සුබ පැතුම් එක්කරනුයේ ඉමහත් සතුටිනි.

ලොව ලස්සන වන්නේ දූ දරුවන්ගෙනි. එමෙන්ම රටක මෙන්ම ලෝකයේ අනාගතය රැඳී ඇත්තේ ළමා පරපුර මතය. ඔවුන්ගේ ලෝකය වැඩිහිටියන්ගේ ලෝකයට වඩා අතිශය සුන්දරය. ඒ මිහිර ඔවුන්ට බාධාවකින් තොරව හිමිකර දීම වැඩිහිටියන් සතු වගකීමකි.

මේ බව තේරුම් ගනිමින් රජයක් ලෙස අපි හැම විටම ළමා අයිතිවාසිකම් තහවුරු කිරීමට කැපවී සිටිමු. ගුණ නැණ බෙලෙන් යුතු දරු පරපුරක් අනාගතයේ අඳුරු දුරලනු ඇතැයි යන්න අපගේ විශ්වාසයයි. සෞභාග්‍යයේ දැක්ම ප්‍රතිපත්ති ප්‍රකාශය ඔස්සේ ද අපි ඊට ප්‍රතිඥා දී ඇත්තෙමු.

ඒ අනුව පසුගිය කාලය තුළ පාසල් අධ්‍යාපනය අනිවාර්ය කිරීමේ හා ළමා මෙහෙකාර සේවය සමාජයෙන් ඈත් කිරීම සඳහා වූ අණ පනත් කිහිපයක් සංශෝධනය කිරීමට ලැබීම අප ලැබු ජයග්‍රහණයකි.

කොවිඩ් වසංගතය හේතුවෙන් ලොව අන් රටවල මෙන්ම අපේ රටේ දරුවන්ගේ ළමා කාලය අතිශය සංකීර්ණ වී තිබේ. නිදහසේ දුව පැන යෑමේ නිදහස අහිමිව නිවෙස්වලට කොටුවීම දරුවන්ට පීඩාවක් ගෙන දෙන බව නොරහසකි.

ඒ නිසා ගෝලීය වසංගතයක් පවතින මෙවන් කාලයක දරුවන්ව නිවසේ දී මානසික පීඩාවන්ට ලක්නොවන අයුරින් රැකබලා ගැනීමට උනන්දු වන්නැයි දෙමාපිය වැඩිහිටියන්ගෙන් මා ඉල්ලා සිටිමි.

දරුවන් සඳහා අවශ්‍ය කොවිඩ් ප්‍රතිශක්තීකරණ එන්නත්කරණය දැනටමත් රජය විසින් ආරම්භ කර ඇති අතර විශේෂ අවශ්‍යතා ඇති දරුවන්ට ප්‍රමුඛත්වය දෙමින් එය කඩිනමින් අවසන් කිරීම රජයේ අපේක්ෂාවයි.

කාන්තා හා ළමා සංවර්ධන පෙර පාසල් හා ප්‍රාථමික අධ්‍යාපන, පාසල් යටිතල පහසුකම් හා අධ්‍යාපන සේවා රාජ්‍ය අමාත්‍යාංශය සමඟ එක්ව පරිවාස හා ළමාරක්ෂක සේවා දෙපාර්තමේන්තුව ලෝක ළමා දිනය නිමිත්තෙන් ළමා නිර්මාණ එළිදැක්වීමට අවස්ථාව සළසා තිබීම ප්‍රශංසනීය වේ.

සියල්ලට පෙර දරුවන්” තේමාවෙන් ශ්‍රී ලංකාව මෙවර අර්ථවත්ව සමරන ලෝක ළමා දින අභිමතාර්ථ සාර්ථක කර ගැනීම උදෙසා කැපවන්නැයි ඉල්ලා සිටිමි.

අපි දරුවන්ගේ ලෝකය ලස්සන කරමු.

මහින්ද රාජපක්ෂ ශ්‍රී ලංකා ප්‍රජාතාන්ත්‍රික සමාජවාදී ජනරජයේ අග්‍රාමාත්‍ය

Seven new airlines to operate direct flights to Sri Lanka soon

September 30th, 2021

Courtesy The Daily News

For the first time US-Bangla Airlines, the leading premium airline of Bangladesh will fly to Colombo from November 1.

Minister of Tourism Prasanna Ranatunge said that with the successful COVID vaccination drive and the drastic reduction of deaths and infections, Sri Lanka Tourism is once again picking up and this is the reason for new airlines to fly to Sri Lanka and the country being removed from the ‘COVID Red list’ too has helped towards new airlines patronizing Sri Lanka.

AEROFLOT airlines will launch flights from November 4 and the frequency is two a week. In addition Russia’s largest Charter airline AZUR Air, will fly to Colombo from October 11.

Neos airlines is an Italian leisure airline that has included Colombo to their radar and will operate flights from November 1. AIR FRANCE too will add Colombo from November 1. Minister Ranatunga said that in addition the second largest airline of Israel, Arkia Airlines is in talks to operate flights to Colombo this year. In addition Swiss Air Lines, the flag carrier of Switzerland, too would touch Sri Lanka at the end of the year.

Currently Colombo international airport is serviced by 16 international cargo and passenger airlines. The Minister also said that in addition to Colombo, four airlines are expected to operate flights to Mattala as well. Meanwhile SriLankan Airlines too will announce several new destinations commenting from the end of the year.

‘Pushback Against China’: Indian Firm Signs 35-Year Lease to Run Strategic Port in Sri Lanka

September 30th, 2021

Dhairya Maheshwari Courtesy Sputnik

Ships and gantry cranes at the Colombo Harbour, Sri Lanka - Sputnik International, 1920, 30.09.2021

CC BY-SA 4.0 / Rehman Abubakr / Ships and gantry cranes at the Colombo Harbour, Sri Lanka

The awarding of the contract for Colombo’s West Container Terminal to Adani Group marks the first time that an Indian firm will manage such operations in Sri Lanka. At the same time, a state-backed Chinese company already operates the Hambantota Port on a 99-year lease. The same Chinese company is also developing another port terminal at Colombo.India’s largest private ports company APSEZ has signed a 35-year lease with Sri Lanka’s state-owned operator of major commercial ports SLPA (Sri Lanka Ports Authority) to develop and run the West Container Terminal at Colombo under a Build, Operate and Transfer (BOT) model, an official told Sputnik.The signing ceremony to seal the contract was held virtually on Thursday.The Adani Ports and Special Economic Zones Ltd. (APSEZ) is a subsidiary of Adani Enterprises, the Indian business conglomerate backed by billionaire Gautam Adani.

 As per the terms of the lease agreement, APSEZ will develop and manage operations at the Colombo port terminal in partnership with its local partner John Keells Holdings PLC.In a disclosure to the Colombo Stock Exchange on Thursday, John Keels Holdings said that work during the first phase of the terminal will commence early next year and would be completed within a span of two years.While Adani will have a 51 percent stake in profits from the port operations for the next 35 years, the Sri Lankan company will have 34 percent ownership in the lease venture.The Sri Lankan Ministry of Ports and Shipping and the SLPA awarded a letter of intent to run the operations of the container terminal in March, as per a company statement.The Indian company said that it intends to reach an operational capacity of 3.5 million twenty-foot equivalent units (TEUs) over the next three decades. The quay length at the proposed container terminal will be around 1,400 metres with a depth of 20 metres.At least 45 percent of the trans-shipments originating from or destined to India pass through the Colombo port, which currently has five functioning terminals — Colombo International Container Terminal (CICT), Unity Container Terminal, East Container Terminal (ECT), South Asia Gateway Terminal and the Jaya International Terminal.The West Container Terminal is one of the three proposed terminals slated to come up in the future.The Sri Lankan government of President Gotabaya Rajapaksa had in February this year scrapped a government-to-government contract signed between his predecessor, and the Indian and Japanese governments to develop the ECT. It was done in the wake of protests by local trade unions and opposition objecting to foreign ownership” of the strategic asset.In fact, Sri Lankan Minister of Ports and Shipping Rohitha Abeygunawardena has said that the government would own a 100 percent” stake in all Sri Lankan ports after 35 years.At the time, the Indian foreign ministry accused Sri Lanka of dishonouring” their international commitments and said that discussions were underway to make Colombo understand the importance of adhering to international commitments”.

Pakistan Prime Minister Imran Khan speaks during a joint news conference with Afghan President Ashraf Ghani at the Presidential Palace in Kabul, Afghanistan, Thursday, Nov. 19, 2020 - Sputnik International, 1920, 22.02.2021

Sri Lanka Cancels Pakistani PM Imran Khan’s Address to Parliament to Avoid ‘Clash’ With India22 February, 12:50 GMTSri Lankan Foreign Secretary Jayanath Colombage termed the awarding of West Container Terminal contract to the Indian company as a compromise”, meant to make up for the decision to boot India and Japan out of the government-to-government contract to operate the East Container Terminal.

India’s ‘Security Concerns’ Over China’s Influence in Sri Lanka

Another of the Colombo port terminals — Colombo International Container Terminal (CICT) — is being developed by Beijing’s state-backed China Merchants Port Holdings, a Hong-Kong headquartered company.During the visit of Chinese President Xi Jinping to Sri Lanka in 2014, Beijing also proposed to develop a Special Economic Zone (SEZ) comprising the land reclaimed from the sea.

(File) A Sri Lankan Budhist monk takes pictures of an unseen Sri Lankan airlines Airbus A-340 which transported President Mahinda Rajapakse who became the first passenger to go through the facility, at the new Mattala Rajapaksa International Airport in Mattala, in the southeast of the island on March 18, 2013 - Sputnik International, 1920, 07.07.2018

India Buys ‘World’s Emptiest Airport’ Adjoining Chinese-Run Hambantota Seaport7 July 2018, 07:02 GMTIn May this year, the Sri Lankan parliament approved the Colombo Port City Economic Commission Bill in bid to formalise the SEZ plan, evoking a sharp response from New Delhi.

We have been closely following recent developments from our security perspective. We have also noted the concerns that have been raised in Sri Lanka regarding several aspects of the framework for the Colombo Port City.”

“We expect Sri Lanka will remain mindful of our excellent bilateral cooperation, including for mutual security in our shared environment, which includes the maritime domain,” an Indian Foreign Ministry spokesperson said in June, addressing queries on potential security implications for India from an increased Chinese presence in Sri Lanka.

‘Pushback Against China’

Former Indian Navy officer Seshadri Vasan, who currently heads the Indian think tank Chennai Centre for China Studies (C3S), told Sputnik that the awarding of the WCT contract to India should be viewed as a pushback” against Beijing’s rising influence in Sri Lanka, which shares close cultural and economic ties with New Delhi.The port project was possibly offered as a face-saver to the Indian company. The Sri Lankan government wanted to pacify India, while at the same time it doesn’t want to antagonise China,” says Vasan.He says that the involvement of an Indian company in Colombo serves India’s and economic as well as strategic interests”.

Given the fact that a huge amount of our container traffic passes through Colombo, it is only in India’s interest that we have a presence there.”

“On the other hand, it also serves to negate China’s advantage in potentially controlling merchant vessels coming from and bound for India,” explains the Navy veteran.The think-tanker also reckons that the Sri Lankan government must have been under tremendous pressure” from China in snatching away the contract for developing ECT in February this year, noting that China has disputes with both Japan (East China Sea) and India (Ladakh border standoff).

Eight prisoners at Anuradhapura prison file FR against Lohan Ratwatte

September 30th, 2021

Courtesy The Daily Mirror

Eight prisoners detained under the Prevention of Terrorism Act (PTA) at the Anuradhapura prison today filed a Fundamental Rights petition in Supreme Court against the alleged criminal conduct on the part of the State Minister Lohan Ratwatte. The petitioners are seeking an order in respect of the alleged serious offences committed by State Minister Ratwatte at the Anuradhapura Prison on I2th of September 2021.

 The petitioners are also seeking an interim order transferring them to a prison in the Northern Province where their cases are lodged. The petitioners stated that on 12th of September around 6.05 pm, the ten detainees were asked to come out into the Prison complex’s courtyard. They said State Minister and another person who appeared to be his Secretary, some others who looked like his security detail and some Prison guards were there. 

They said State Minister told the detainees to stand in a semi-circle and ordered them to kneel before him.  The petitioners alleged the State Minister started to abuse them in Sinhala saying that the President had given him all the power in relation to PTA Prisoners and that he could either release them or shoot them dead. The petitioners further said the State Minister had a pistol in his hand and appeared to be intoxicated. 

  “The State Minister then demanded to know what crime each of the detainees had committed. He kept shouting abuse at the detainees for a while and then ordered eight Petitioners to go in. The detainees were all in great shock and fear. Later, the Prison officials told them that the Minister has gone out of the Prison and for them not to be fearful,” the petitioners stated. 

The petitioners are seeking a declaration that their fundamental rights guaranteed under Articles12(1) and 12(2) have been infringed by the respondents. They also seeking an interim orders to enlarge  them on bail. State Minister Lohan Ratwatte, Justice Minister Ali Sabry, Prison Superintendent of Anuradhapura M.H.R. Ajith, Commissioner General of Prisons Upuldeniya and Attorney General were named as the respondents in the petition.

 The petition had been filed through Attorney-at-law Mohan Balendran. (Lakmal Sooriyagoda)

New health guidelines to be followed after lifting of quarantine curfew

September 30th, 2021

Courtesy Adaderana

Health guidelines to be followed once the quarantine curfew imposed country-wide is lifted tomorrow (October 01) have been issued by the Ministry of Health.

The quarantine curfew imposed on the whole country will be lifted with restrictions from 04.00 am tomorrow.

As per the new guidelines, all non-essential travel is restricted from 10.00 pm to 04.00 am daily.

Supermarkets, pharmacies, groceries, and shops are only allowed to serve 10% of the accommodation capacity at a time.

Further public transport will be restricted to seating capacities.

In addition, indoor or outdoor parties, celebrations, gatherings are not allowed until further notice.

The guidelines dictate that tuition classes are also not permitted to be held even after the curfew is lifted. However, pre-schools can be opened to children up to 50% of the capacity of the premises.

Salons and barbershops may operate on an appointment basis.

Wedding ceremonies may be held with 10 attendees in presence between October 01-15.

Further, funerals of non-COVID-19 deaths must be carried out within 24 hours of releasing the body with only 10 persons attending at any given time.

India’s Adani Group signs Build-Operate-Transfer deal to develop West Container Terminal of Colombo Port

September 30th, 2021

Courtesy Adaderana

India’s Adani Group has signed a Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) agreement with its local partner John Keells Holding s (JKH) and Sri Lanka Ports Authority (SLPA), to jointly develop the West Container Terminal (WCT) of the Colombo Port.

The agreement will be an investment exceeding USD 700 million.

In March, the WCT of the Colombo Port was approved to be developed as a Public-Private Limited Company in partnership with India’s Adani Ports and Special Economic Zone Limited (APSEZ Consortium) along with its local representative John Keells Holding PLC (APSEZ Consortium), and SLPA.

The terminal is to be developed on a 35-year Build, Operate, and Transfer (BOT) basis with the aforementioned stakeholders.

The port terminal will have a quay length of 1,400 meters and a depth of 20 meters, making it a prime trans-shipment cargo destination to handle ultra-large container carriers, according to the filing from Adani Ports.

It will be the first-ever Indian port operator in Sri Lanka and hold 51% in the joint venture.

Police initiate inquiry on CID officers who interrogated journalists

September 30th, 2021

Courtesy Adaderana

An inquiry has been initiated into the unprofessional and irresponsible behavior displayed by certain officers of the Criminal Investigations Department (CID) by interrogating several media persons disregarding the instructions not to do so, the Police Headquarters says.

Minister of Public Security Sarath Weerasekara yesterday (Sep. 29) called for an inquiry into the relevant incident.

The relevant directives were given to the Inspector-General of Police (IGP) C.D. Wickramaratne.

Further, the minister has instructed the IGP to hand over the investigations into the garlic scam from the Peliyagoda Special Crimes Division to the CID and to conduct a comprehensive probe.

Reportedly, Prime Minister Mahinda Rajapaksa had directed the CID not to question the journalists who reported the recent garlic scam, however, despite the instructions, the investigators had recorded statements from them.

COVID death toll moves up with 59 new fatalities

September 30th, 2021

Courtesy Adaderana

Director-General of Health Services on Wednesday (Sep. 29) confirmed 59 new COVID-related deaths in Sri Lanka.

According to the Department of Government Information, 28 males and 31 females have succumbed to the novel coronavirus in the recent past.

New victims include 11 people aged between 30 – 59 years and 47 others aged 60 years and above. One female youth aged below 30 years has also succumbed to the virus.

Following the latest development, Sri Lanka’s COVID-related death toll now stands at 12,906.

Sri Lanka reports 912 COVID-19 cases on Thursday

September 30th, 2021

Courtesy Adaderana

The Ministry of Health reported a total of 912 persons have tested positive for Covid-19 today, (September 30).

This brings the total number of confirmed cases of Coronavirus registered in Sri Lanka to 517,377.

Total recoveries have increased to 457,488 while currently, 46,983 infected patients are under medical care and home-based care. 

The death toll meanwhile has risen to 12,906.

THE ELEPHANT IN SRI LANKA Part 3

September 29th, 2021

KAMALIKA PIERIS

REVISED 12.10.21

When the Portuguese captured the maritime provinces of Sri Lanka they found a flourishing export trade in elephants, developed   over the centuries by the Sinhala king. The Portuguese  , who had never seen an elephant before,  found that the Ceylon elephant was superior, compared to elephants from other countries, and traders were prepared to pay twice or even up to four times for them. The Portuguese quickly got involved in the elephant export trade. They established a special unit called the Elephant Hunt for the capture and export of elephants. When the Dutch defeated the Portuguese in 1655, the Elephant Hunt had nearly 3 000 men in its employ.

The elephants were caught in two kraals. The person in charge was called the Gajanayake. The Portuguese maintained an annual demand of 37 elephants for export from the kraals. Elephants were led, tied to tame ones, to the Jaffna peninsula and to Kayts for export. The Portuguese used Kayts for the export of elephants.  The elephants were driven into the Jaffna peninsula by a shallow ford that separated it from the mainland. This was later bridged and given the name Elephant Pass.  It is most unlikely that the Portuguese would have created this route. This would have been the existing trade route.

In 1507 the Viceroy of India sent a gift of a small elephant, imported from Ceylon, to King Manuel of Portugal. After seven years in Lisbon this elephant, named Annone, was presented to Pope Leo X and moved to Rome. Annone, lived in Rome for three years but died after developing stomach trouble due to the variety of food given to it by visitors and admirers. There is a memorial in Rome to Annone the first elephant in the Vatican (Hulugalle, 1969).

The Dutch  who    also had never seen an elephant before   found, in their turn,  that the elephant trade  was a lucrative one. They too latched on to it. They increased the size of the Elephant Hunt so as to increase their income through the export of elephants (Jayewardene, 1994).

The Ceylon elephant continued to be greatly desired in India for war and as draught animals. Bengal and Golconda Muslim merchants  came along to purchase them. The sales took place in the port of Kayts , reported the Dutch .

During the colonial occupation of the country, elephants are known to have been captured in the Avissawella, Negombo, Mannar, Kalutara, Matara, Kurunegala, Anuradhapura, Polonnaruwa, Trincomalee, Batticaloa, Buttala area.  During the Dutch period, an elephant had even found its way into the Colombo Fort. This shows that the elephants were in a habit of moving down from the thick forested hills in search of food and water. Elephants were usually captured when they ventured into the forests in the lower plains. 

The Dutch had to obtain permission from the  Udarata king to capture elephants which were within the Udarata kingdom. The king agreed to the Dutch capturing 20 to 30 animals each year, but the Dutch constantly exceeded this figure, capturing around 150 each year and 200 in one year.

Considering the 100 year duration of  Dutch  rule, the possible total number of elephants exported is a staggering 11,250 specimens in their prime, said Ashley de Vos.. The trade brought in an average of 100,000 Guilders per year. 

Elephants were caught in kraals, in the Matara Dissawa area and Udawalawe. A group of persons known as Baddenas were sent into the jungles to look for suitable herds of elephants to be captured in kraals .When the herds were sighted, the Dissawa of the area was informed, and he in turn gave instructions to hold a kraal.

The kraal was an elaborate and specialized  operation which was carried out by a caste of people  whose occupation it was”. There was  a Master of the Hunt who was responsible for the whole organization. Those engaged in capturing and training elephants held land  in payment for their work.

A very large stable had been built to house the captured elephants, , with a Gajanayake in charge, in Matara. These stables  were at the site of the present Kachcheri. In 1697 there were 97 elephants in these stables.  The animals were bathed twice a day in a nearby river, very likely the Nilwala.

The animals  that were for sale, were marched northwards to Jaffna by land along the coastal road to Mannar or Kayts. They were marched tied to tame elephants. This route had a special problem, many rivers  had to be crossed. This was a problem. The elephants were shipped in large flat bottom wooden barges, ten at a time, to the  Coromandel Coast in India. The elephants were often sold before they were properly trained.

The elephant caravan  had to pass through the Udarata Kingdom on their way and special permission had to be sought for this transit.   One notes that under Sinhala rule, elephants would not have had to    do  this long trek from Matara to Jaffna. They would have been captured higher up.

Johann Wolfgang Heydt was a German who worked for the VOC in Sri Lanka . He spent over two years in Sri Lanka. Heydt has  given a detail description of how the Dutch elephant trap” works. Near the gates, on which entrance they have ready some tame elephants, which must as if show the way, and must enter first.  These then the wild ones follow, until they are brought into an open space provided with 2 or 3 drop-gates, on which men sit hidden. As soon as these see that the wild elephants have been brought through by the tame ones, they cut the Rottangs (rattans) which hold up the gate, so that they fall and enclose the place. Then they take again the tame elephants and let them show the way to the wild ones, until they lead each into a very long and narrow path, so that he cannot turn around unless he is very small: and so he goes along this passage until he comes to the end of it, and as soon as he is there, they quickly push in some tree trunks behind him, so that he cannot now go backwards.

Then they try to tie him up, and bring him slowly forward, between two tame elephants. If now he will not go forward, they set a third behind him, which must belabour him with his trunk in a most pitiful manner, so that he begins to weep and to cry out: and afterwards they bring him into a place destined for this purpose, and look after him well, and seek daily, now with kindness, now with beatings, to make him tame, seeing that they have a quite extraordinary intelligence, more than other beasts”.

Heydt has an equally interesting account of what happens to the elephant after capture and the need to partially train them prior to export. He refers to Matara fort as being full of trees, bushes and coconut gardens, which are very abundant, not only inside the fort but outside as well, creating the impression of a forest totally hiding the buildings .a large number are brought to Matara yearly, or at least every 2 years. The elephants are placed for safety between trees, which are planted 4 by 4 conveniently for this, where they can be better disciplined than in the stables.

Heydt then goes on to describe how animals are measured, examined and priced for the international market and then escorted tied to tame elephants to the point of shipment. While I was still in Colombo, there came thus (tied) beside tame elephants yearly 50 – 60 which had been taken here, to be sent from there to the Coromandel Coast and Bengal: since the Kings there buy them from the Company to use them for their pomp. They remained usually for 3 to 4 weeks near Colombo before they went further, and first must be measured, according to the custom there, both in height and length.

At this measuring attention was given also to the tail, whether it were complete; and had also its tufts complete, on which are hairs, very thick which are about 4 or at the most 6 inches long, hanging down on both sides of the tufts .When selling or purchasing these beasts one also looks very closely at the ears, seeing that in the case of many these are highly torn. Those  which have good ears and tails, and no visible defects, are highly valued:

The impression given by  such description, specially for gullible readers is that the  Dutch,  due to their innate superiority, were able to improve on the elephant capturing methods used for  centuries by the Sinhalese. This is most unlikely. The Dutch were not familiar with elephants and knew nothing about  capturing them  and shipping them. What they did was to latch on to the  trade established by the  Sinhala kings,  use the  methods developed by them, use the  trained groups who  were traditionally engaged in this work and take the profits.( continued)


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