Oceanic Pivot: As Diego Garcia becomes a frontline target, Washington turns its gaze toward Colombo’s strategic neutrality
Iran’s apparent use of intermediate-range ballistic missiles in the attack has startled the West, showing a reach far longer than the medium-range capabilities previously assumed.”
The shifting tides of the Indian Ocean have placed Sri Lanka at the heart of a high-stakes geopolitical gambit. As Iran’s intermediate-range ballistic missiles successfully challenge the perceived invulnerability of the UK-US base at Diego Garcia, the Pentagon faces a crisis of geography and diplomacy. With British Prime Minister Keir Starmer wavering under the shadow of Operation Epic Fury,” the strategic necessity for an alternative regional foothold has never been more acute. Recent rebuffed requests for US fighter jets to land at Mattala Airport underscore a tightening knot: Washington is no longer just observing Sri Lanka—it is eyeing it as a vital insurance policy against a fractured Chagos lease and an increasingly long-reaching Tehran.
Iran’s targeting of the UK-US military base on Diego Garcia island becomes the second incursion into the Indian Ocean since the US-Israel war on Iran began – the first being the sinking of the Iranian ship IRIS Dena by a US submarine off the coast of Sri Lanka, on March 4. Iran’s apparent use of intermediate-range ballistic missiles in the attack has startled the West as it showed Iran has missiles with a far longer reach than the medium-range missiles it was thought to have. With the UK wavering over permission for the use Diego Garcia, is the US eyeing Sri Lanka – another strategically located island in the Indian Ocean – as a potential alternative foothold in the region? US interest in Sri Lanka on account of its strategic location is nothing new, but recent events have brought the issue sharply into focus.
Diego Garcia, the largest island in the British colonial territory of Chagos Archipelago – has housed a massive joint UK-US military base since the 1960s. Iran fired two ballistic missiles targeting the base following a re-set of UK’s position regarding the use of its bases in the war. The UK said yesterday the bases could be used for strikes on Iranian sites targeting the Strait of Hormuz,” the BBC reported, on March 21. UK’s Prime Minister Keir Starmer had adopted different positions on the matter twice already. When the US-Israel attacks on Iran first started Feb. 28, he had opposed the use of UK’s military bases, making a statement in parliament on UK’s decision ‘not to get involved in international strikes.’ But the very next day (March 01), the BBC’s live blog reported him saying that permission had now been given for defensive” strikes on Iranian missile sites from RAF Fairford in Gloucestershire and Diego Garcia in the Indian Ocean.” The position finally adopted on March 20, allowing strikes on Iranian sites targeting the Strait of Hormuz, signaled UK’s participation in ‘Operation Epic Fury,’ and seemed to set the stage for Iran’s attempted missile strike on the base.
Before Mauritius gained independence in 1968, the Chagos Islands had been separated from it by Britain. The move was held to be illegal in a 2019 ruling by the International Court of Justice in the Hague, that recommended their return. In May last year, Prime Minister Starmer had signed an agreement whereby sovereignty over Chagos Islands was to be returned to Mauritius, with Diego Garcia to be immediately leased back to the UK for 99 years. The deal was about to be made into law, when US President Donald Trump urged the UK not to proceed with it. According to available information, it appears the bill is stalled.
Self-fulfilling prophecy?
Trump had conveyed his displeasure with the UK a full month earlier, in a post on truthsocial.com Feb. 19, ending in capital letters ‘DO NOT GIVE AWAY DIEGO GARCIA!’ At the time, he said: Should Iran decide not to make a Deal, it may be necessary for the United States to use Diego Garcia, and the Airfield located in Fairford, in order to eradicate a potential attack by a highly unstable and dangerous Regime — An attack that would potentially be made on the United Kingdom, as well as other friendly Countries.”
Could Trump’s prophecy become self-fulfilling?
With Britain giving permission for the use of Diego Garcia to strike Iranian targets, Iran’s foreign minister Seyed Abbas Araghchi posted on ‘X’, saying:
Vast majority of the British People do not want any part in the Israel-US war of choice on Iran. Ignoring his own People, Mr Starmer is putting British lives in danger by allowing UK bases to be used for aggression against Iran. Iran will exercise its right to self defense. (12.37am – 21 March 2026)
When Araghchi warned that Iran will exercise its right to self defense,” what he was saying was, if a UK base is used to target Iran, Iran will hit back at the UK. The trajectory of the war has made it clear that when Iran makes a warning, the threatened action is carried out, unlike some of Trump’s bombastic threats.
Days after the US-Israel strikes started, Trump complained, at a joint White House press briefing with German Chancellor Frederik Merz, that he was ‘not happy with the UK’ which, at that point in time, had not lifted the veto on striking Iranian sites. They didn’t allow us to use that island that you read about,” he said, without naming it. The lease – for whatever reason he made a lease of the island – somebody came and took it away from him – and it’s taken three-four days for us to find out where we can land.. It would’ve been much more convenient landing there, instead of flying many extra hours, so we’re very surprised,” he said, adding the much-reported line This is not Winston Churchill we’re dealing with.”
US envoy visits
So it’s clear, Diego Garcia had been part of Trump’s war plan from the start, to carry out bombing raids on Iran. The base had earlier been used by the US to launch long range missile attacks against Iraq and Afghanistan. The missiles fired by Iran – neither of which reached their target – are believed to have been intermediate-range ballistic missiles (IRBMs) which are said to have a range between 3000 and 5500 km. One was reported to have failed in midflight, while an interceptor had been fired at the other from a US warship. Whether the interception fully succeeded remains unconfirmed” according to the Indian Express. Be that as it may, the targeting of Diego Garcia, 4000km away, has caused concern among Iran’s attackers.
Is it a coincidence that Commander of the US Pacific Fleet, Admiral Stephen Koehler visited Sri Lanka from 19 – 21 February? The US embassy issued a press release the same day, saying the visit was to highlight the strategic importance the United States places on Sri Lanka’s role at the crossroads of global maritime routes and underscores our shared long-term commitment to a free, open, and prosperous Indo-Pacific.” (emphasis added) President Anura Kumara Dissanayake did not meet the USPACOM chief, who only met military officials.
From 19-24 March US Special Envoy (the US ambassador to India) Sergio Gor was in Colombo, and did meet President Dissanayake. But apart from an ‘X’ post by the president, with a formal ‘handshake photo,’ there was little other publicity regarding this visit on the Sri Lankan side.
Request to use Mattala Airport
The emphasis in the US press releases on ‘sea lanes’ and ‘maritime routes’ is of interest, given the backdrop of conflict in the Gulf. It’s also notable that these visits were arranged when attacks on Iran and counter attacks in the Gulf had peaked. (Israel hit Iran’s South Pars – part of the world’s largest natural gas field – and Tehran retaliated with strikes on Ras Laffan LNG complex in Qatar and other energy targets in the Gulf, during this period.)
President Dissanayake made a revelation in parliament on March 20, when he said that on Feb. 26 – the same day that the government received a request from three Iranian ships to make goodwill visits on March 9th and 13th – there was a request also from the US for two fighter aircraft, that he said were near Djibouti, to be allowed to land at Sri Lanka’s Mattala International Airport. Even at that time there were signs of imminent war. We took the position of protecting our country’s neutrality (‘madyastha bhavaya’). We turned down both requests” he said.
The US has already made an unwelcome military incursion in the Indian Ocean, to sink a ship thousands of kilometres away from the Gulf, in international waters just 19 nautical miles from Sri Lanka, within its E.E.Z.
Any use of Diego Garcia to launch attacks against Iran will be responded to in a way that will extend the geography of the war with unpredictable consequences. A strike from a UK base will drag Europe into a conflict that has already spun out of control.
Diego Garcia
Comments Off on US eyes Sri Lanka, as the UK wavers over Diego Garcia
Russian Deputy Energy Minster’s visits will provide positive results
Russia mostly transact in national currencies instead of US dollar: if there is a will, there is a way
Russia’s natural resources are not also unlimited,
There is quite a line of countries who want to have access to our crude oil and energy
Ready to start talks on nuclear power if requested
International dynamics keep changing in the present climax. The countries’ roles fast evolve. Sri Lanka is making fresh approaches in its engagements, particularly for energy security. Against the backdrop, Russian Deputy Foreign Minister Andrey Rudenko is visiting Sri Lanka for a five-day diplomatic trip. The Deputy Minister participated in a discussion organized by Pathfinder Foundation in Colombo and took questions from participants who represented the media and the think tanks. He said the situation is quite serious and unpredictable. He said the role of the global south is obviously increasing, and countries like China, India, some entities like ASEAN countries, play a much stronger role economically, politically, and in the security area, which would not let the United States or its allies to do whatever they want. Russia in this changing world positions itself as one of the key elements of the new world order. He said, Russia in this changing world positions itself as one of the key elements of the new world order. It does not pretend to be a leader of this new world. It will be ready to share all responsibilities for what is happening with other countries. But at the same time for us the matter of principle is preserving our own certainty and independence- not only political, but also security-wise, economy -wise. It is not that easy now. You see under what kind of pressure Russia is living at the moment, but our choice is deliberate, our choice is of principle, and we would not deviate from this policy. There are many aspects of our relations with other countries, with the United States, with China, with India, with the nations of South Asia,” Excerpts of the dialogue.
QMany countries in the global south are experiencing the secondary effect of the conflicts that we are facing right now, particularly in the energy markets, food security and supply chains. How does Russia see its role in mitigating these impacts, if there is an opportunity to do so, especially in relation to the partners in Asia and in particular South Asia?
I guess it’s one of the fundamental issues the world is facing- how to overcome the consequences of this unfortunate event which happened in the Middle East and affected all countries, not only in the Middle East, but beyond the region.
Russia is not affected by this conflict so far greatly, although, of course, some longer-term consequences may also take it all on us. For example, Iran is our neighbour, with whom we develop quite extensive cooperation in different areas. If there is a negative outcome of the whole thing, it will affect the Russian economy, immigration policies etc.
We are very much interested in ending this conflict as soon as possible. As far as the countries of Asia are concerned in terms of economic and energy security, of course, Russia is ready to provide its resources to all those who wish to have them. You know, we haven’t deleted our good neighbouring relations with the countries of Asia.
Our policy is of principled nature. We would be ready to deepen our cooperation in all spheres, but sometimes the countries themselves are reluctant to deepen this cooperation with Russia because of the threats of secondary sanctions imposed by the United States and the European Union. To our regret, this has caused for a while a decline in our energy cooperation. These countries are quite reluctant to be targeted by the American restrictions.
Now our situation has changed. The United States has lifted the so-called ban on the purchasing of Russian energy, first of all, of crude oil. I think it’s a good opportunity for the countries of Asia to take advantage of this moment. But of course, what will happen after this one-month term expiry. We would strongly prefer that our relations with all countries in Asia are based on the long-term context, not on spot trade of oil and gas.
QIt’s a good thing that the ban has been lifted, at least temporarily. Would the Russian Federation take payments in rubles, US dollars or Chinese Yuan?
We are not as selective as some may think, actually. Our trade now with other countries is moving fast from major currencies like the dollar or Euro to the national currencies . For example, 99 percent of our trade with China is done in Yuan or rubles.
Our trade with India is also done mostly in rupees and rubles. We actually see the clear trend of decline in the role of the dollar worldwide. For example, just a few years ago, the dollar consisted of about 67 percent of world trade. Now its share has declined up to about 40 percent, and other percentages of trade are done in the national currencies. If there is a desire, there is a will. We can find a way to address this issue. We are happy to find flexible means which will be beneficial to all of us.
QYour Deputy Prime Minister recently announced that a ban on gaso line exports will come into effect today. Could you take us through that and the potential impact of that on energy cooperation?
Yes, to tell you frankly, Russia’s natural resources are not also unlimited. There is quite a line of countries who want to have access to our crude oil and energy, for example. But I guess we will implement all contracts which were concluded in full.
We will, of course, do our best. A recent visit by Deputy Minister of Energy Roman Marshavin has shown that there will be a deal. Hopefully the follow-up of this visit will see some positive results concerning the supply of energy from Russia. The sooner we end the conflict, the better it will be for everyone.
QWhat is really stopping the proposed nuclear
power project?
I know that there is a strong interest to develop nuclear capacity in this country- nuclear capacity for peace. I’m not aware of particular parameters. But there is a strong interest from many countries of Asia, for example, from Southeast Asia, to take advantage of the Russian expertise in a small modular nuclear station.
For example, we have one project which is very attractive and could be used by other states. For example, we have a floating minor modular nuclear plant which is now providing energy to our Siberian region. It’s just a huge ship on which there is a nuclear station.
If the countries want, this ship can come closer to them and provide energy to them. Many countries want to have this facility. Russia is the only state which has this technology. It not only has this technology, but also realized it in the real projects.
If there is an interest here, of course, we can have the relevant negotiations started. It’s clear that it’s not a very cheap endeavor. But it’s very useful because such a facility has unlimited resources and power.
QHow has Russia taken note of Sri Lanka’s strategic importance at this juncture? Secondly, Russia-Sri Lanka economic cooperation remains way below the potential. So why it is way below the potential, and what are the plans for increasing them?
All these issues of bilateral cooperation will be discussed. The recent crisis and the pandemic took effect. The current crisis also contributed to this. Unfortunately, we saw a decline in bilateral trade over the last year.
But we think it’s a kind of a temporary trade which we need to revert. I’m sure it will be. Sri Lanka is a very attractive place for us, and it will continue like that, especially now when all other destinations are closed for Russian citizens. The Persian Gulf countries will be popular, but they will not remain peaceful for a while. The European Union got to close their borders for the Russian citizens. Therefore, Sri Lanka and some other countries in South Asia and Southeast Asia, are becoming even more attractive places for our citizens.
If we manage to maintain the frequency of our direct flights between the two countries, it will also contribute to an increasing number of our people coming here. If we manage to establish a reliable system of payment between our countries, our tourists can use their bank cards here in Sri Lanka- just to feel comfortable, not to bring cash with them. It will play a role.
After tourists, the real business may come here not only in trade but also in technological service investment. But again, for this, you need to know each other better now—not to limit our communications or restrict some support deals on energy when the United States allows it, but to build it on a solid legal and economic foundation.
QWhy does Russia not condemn Iran’s attacks on neighbouring countries?
On Russia and Iran, we did not join those countries who condemned Iran for shelling its neighbours. We don’t like what is happening there. But if you approach this issue, you should approach it from a world in a general context. Who started the war? It’s not Iran. Iran was attacked, clearly attacked, surprisingly, conveniently. This is implementation of its right of self-defence. Iran has warned its neighbours not to provide access to the U.S. military to the airspace and the military facilities.
If that is the case, Iran will not retaliate. However, I understand that this view is not widely supported. We participate quite actively in the deliberations on the relevant UN Security Council resolution to stop the war once again.
There is often a one-sided view and a one-sided approach to this issue. The demand is that Iran should stop fighting and stop shelling its neighbours. But why is there no demand that the United States and Israel stop bombing Iran and its infrastructure?
If you want to approach this issue properly, you need to consider it from all angles, not in the way some countries prefer. That is why we cannot support the idea that Iran is the only country to blame for what is happening there.
The conflict has quite extensive root causes that have existed for many years. It is now very difficult to determine who is responsible for what has happened. But obviously, Iran was not the country that initiated the catastrophe currently unfolding in the region.
The war must be stopped, and the shelling from either side must cease. Peace should be restored, including the right of countries to have their cargo ships pass through the Strait of Hormuz.
If the situation escalates further, and if there is a prospect of land operations, the conflict will spread and spill over into other areas that we have not seen before. That is why our position is clear. First of all the United States and Israel—should stop the aggressive war against Iran. Then the whole situation could change for the better.
Iran is interested in maintaining better relations with its neighbours, particularly the Arab countries. Over the past few years, we have seen improvements in these relations. For example, we saw the signing of the agreement between Iran and Saudi Arabia to re-establish diplomatic relations. This was an event of great significance for the region. Unfortunately, this process of maintaining peace in the Persian Gulf has now been disrupted by the current conflict.
The eventual solution must be comprehensive in nature. There are many aspects to the situation in the region — the security environment, the nuclear issue, ballistic missile concerns, and economic cooperation. For example, Russia proposed many years ago the creation of a system of collective security in the Persian Gulf. At that time, this initiative was not taken on board, but now it’s becoming more and more. So, let’s call on those perpetrators of the war to stop it.
Comments Off on RUSSIA PREFERS LONG TERM ENERGY COOPERATION, NOT SPOT TRADE ON OIL, GAS – DEPUTY RUSSIAN FM
The new reality is that the war has de facto created a gas and oil hegemon who now controls 20% of Gas and oil as we read this, with significant impact on the fertilizer industry as well.
The reality is that no matter how many bombs each party has, disruption is only going to keep the strait shut and the price of oil and gas high
If there was one thing that was sure to happen as an external factor that would affect the economy of Sri Lanka, it was the turmoil in the Middle East. This has been a constant since 1948 when Israel was established. All governments and organizations that have existed in this country have either had to deal with a war or some kind of disruption in the Middle East. Historically most of them have completely and utterly failed to deal with this issue preemptively, which now in all probability is going to becoming a long term certainty. The current government, government owned business undertakings and the other private businesses in Sri Lanka at this time is no exception; no contingencies only reactive crisis mitigation action at the cost of the public.
The usual risks for Sri Lanka are inward remittances and tourism and some export of tea. Sri Lanka has nearly 2 million people working in and around the Middle East and sending their hard earned salaries back home. Now, any disruption to this is going to have a massive effect on the economy of Sri Lanka. It is sad that over the years no government has been able to enhance this English illiterate, unskilled and low-skilled migration to the Gulf to an English literate, upskilled migration where people could be working across the world rather than in one region where there is a high demand for low-skilled and no-skilled jobs.
In addition to this, a significant amount of tourists had started to come from the Middle East. Not only was the Middle East becoming a hub that brought in tourists to Sri Lanka from other regions but the Arabian Peninsula was fast becoming a significant source market for Sri Lankan tourism. Now with this turmoil, all these are going to get disrupted and have a major negative impact on our economy. Even though there does not seem to be immediately actionable contingencies, Sri Lanka may be well be able to bring in tourists, flights would operate circumventing the geographic region where the conflict is happening and take them back to their home countries without major issues. However, the number of tourists that originated from the Arabian Peninsula will have to be replaced by another market.
Today, due to global connectivity and inter-connectedness of industries, conflicts do not distinguish among ordinary people, it really doesn’t matter to which race, religion you belong to, or which country you belong to, or which political opinions you have. At the end of the day, the amount of money you pay for your fuel at the pump and everything else is going to cost more due to this conflict. Who started it and how it ends will be inconsequential as we will probably never go back to those low oil and gas prices.
Was Iran gifted an unexpected victory?
The reason why I say this is that prior to this conflict, Iran was only a major producer of oil. It had its global share of 9% to 12%, however it did not have influence over 20% of the oil and natural gas that went through the Strait of Hormuz. The new reality is that the war has de facto created a gas and oil hegemon who now controls 20% of Gas and oil as we read this, with significant impact on the fertilizer industry as well. The reality is that no matter how many bombs each party has, disruption is only going to keep the strait shut and the price of oil and gas high.
It has also brought in to the limelight the cost of shipping and the fees charged by many such choke points around the world.
Panama Canal: Charges fees based on vessel size and weight, and charges high premiums for last-minute booking slots.
Suez Canal (Egypt): A primary, high-cost route connecting the Mediterranean and Red Seas. It charges tolls that have increased following the Red Sea crisis.
Turkish Straits (Bosphorus & Dardanelles): Türkiye regulates passage and has increased fees for international ships transiting these straits.
Kiel Canal (Germany): Connects the North Sea to the Baltic Sea and charges tolls to avoid the longer route around Denmark.
Corinth Canal (Greece): A narrow waterway that charges fees, primarily for smaller vessels and tourist traffic
Even though currently the Bab el-Mandeb Strait is open to international shipping, with no fees levied for crossing it. The strait has the potential to become the next flash point in this crisis creating duel choke points to international trade.
In the current context, the only alternative to small countries that cannot project maritime power across the world is to agree to Iran’s terms and start trading oil and gas at a now higher price which includes a levy for passing through the Straits of Hormuz; paid in Chinese Yuan.
No matter how powerful a country may think they are and they may very well be, they won’t be able to put this Genie back in the bottle. The Iranians who as the aggrieved party having suffered from unilateral sanctions (again I am not judging the right or wrong of it) would see this as their opportunity and right to apply unilateral sanction as a result of this illegal war. In fact they may feel that they have nothing to lose. The world know that a low intensity asymmetric war can go on for decades keeping shipping away from this area and the prices of oil and gas high. Many countries would gladly pay the tax and get the oil and gas at a higher price than not have gas and oil and face instability within their own countries.
What’s next for Sri Lanka?
Not wanting to sound like a broken record on a repeat loop, the choices for Sri Lanka remain very simple and limited and has not changed since independence.
What has been consistent is successive governments have abandoned these strategically important activities to engage in petty politics which has resulted in the population being pulverized when these risks become real.
Let’s face it we will not be able become petroleum independent in the foreseeable future. No country or company is going to come and drill for oil and gas in Sri Lanka with a multiple billion-dollar investment when there are cheaper source options available around the world. Since we don’t have the technology, having our own petroleum is way over the horizon. Having said that, diversity of power sources is a must to be power-independent in the future.
It is sad that many learned economists make bold predictions of SL GDP growing at 4 – 5 %. However most don’t mention that for the economy to grow at that pace the power sector has to grow at least at double the pace in a stable manner.
1. Upgrading the national grid. How long and how often have we heard this from the previous to current government, the CEB and experts in the field? For any country to grow a major requirements is to have an efficient and manageable grid which is able to deliver power to areas that require it. Be it a factory (even oil and gas extraction and refining) a hotel or any other business, foreign or local investment will not happen in areas that does not have reliable power and a stable grid. If Sri Lankan electrical engineers are not knowledgeable and able to do this upgrade the state must intervene and get the expertise from countries such as India, China etc. and resolve this immediately before it becomes a major obstacle standing in the way of development of the country.
2. Invest in nuclear power energy to provide the base power need of the country. It is sad that since 2009 (end of the war) Sri Lanka has delayed implementing a nuclear power plant. Had we started in 2009, by now we would have a fully operational power plant. Moving the entire railway network into electric mode as well as moving all the buses into electric buses will help Sri Lanka considerably reduce the demand for diesel fuel. It should also help the country to manage the cost expectation of the public transport.
3. Within a period of 5 years ban all petroleum engine based three wheelers in the country and ensure that all new imports are done only for maintenance and new electric three wheelers.
4. QR Codes should only be issued to those with TIN Numbers to ensure those tax evaders and fuel hoarders are brought to book/eliminated
5. Maximize solar and wind projects to the level where all excess energy can be used to pump water back into the reservoirs to create and maintain a natural battery system and the balance of natural resources.
6. Adjust the vehicle import tax system to bring down the price of electrical vehicles and reduce the demand for petrol.
7. Enact a new Petroleum Retail Act so that it allows the petroleum retailers to be mandated to hold storage of three months’ supply of fuel (all types of fuel) in their retail establishment. This way all price fluctuations can be smoothed out.
8. Apply this same philosophy to all government institutions, such as the Central Transport Board, Railways, Airport and Aviation Services, the Tri-forces, police and other security agencies and any other organization that has their own pumps above ground to hold three months of fuel supply.
9. Leverage the utilization of all available and repairable tanks at the Trincomalee tank farm to store oil for our consumption.
Why Sri Lanka is still unable to become an air hub?
A weird dichotomy often pondered and discussed at various local and international fora. This elusive hub status for Air Line activity in Sri Lanka seems to evade us at every turn. Even during this current crisis there was a lot of hope on the much-debated white elephant down south in the name of Mattala International Airport. This crisis was perhaps seen as its salvation. However it turns out that we have only built half of a white elephant, which is completely unsuitable for any kind of hub operation with wide bodied or large aircraft. Aviation experts are of the view that the operational capacity it is less than ten wide-body aircraft that can be operated simultaneously at the Mattala airport. Whereas the requirement for a hub operation is much greater. In addition the lack of taxiways along the runway and so on, the list of should have beens seems to be greater than the list of could have beens. Which means that, most probably, Mattala will have a few more flights landing and taking off, especially cargo flights. However in terms of major passenger operations we are unlikely to get any large traffic through Mattala and will continue to have a few of those Russian planes landing in the foreseeable future.
So far there is only one Gulf Air aircraft which is parked (probably) on a long term basis at Katunayake. However, Authorities must take steps to move these aircraft to Mattala in order to prevent further congestion and denial of access to revenue generating activities at Katunayake.
Katunayake Airport it seems have more requests for transit flights at this time. The last thing we need is that flights will divert to India or Maldives due to the lack of space at Katunayake due to the negligence and lack of foresight of the officers’ operating the airport.
With regard to our national carrier; simple things such as air service agreements for emergency landings, refueling, and technical assistance that bypass the Middle East on a southerly route (Kenya, Nairobi, Ethiopia, Addis Ababa) connecting to Southern and Western Europe servicing hubs such as London; and easterly route (flying through the CIS countries to Turkey and into the Eastern and Central European destinations and hubs such as Amsterdam) should have been pre-entered and should have been ready in our books. When such an event occurs we could leverage on those air service agreements to fly to Europe and keep our tourism industry going at the level required by the country.
It is so sad and embarrassing to see the elites in the aviation industry fumbling about, not knowing what to do, when to do, how to do. Whereas these are fundamental conclusions that one can get to if one had followed a simple tool such as a SWOT analysis.
Another opportunity has come our way due to current congestion at the Katunayake airport where all the operations of the small business aircraft could be moved to Rathmalana. This is the ideal opportunity to rebrand and re-launch the Rathmalana airport (Another white elephant created by us since the construction of the KIA) as the Colombo City Business Airport of Sri Lanka with easy access to the Port City and connectivity to the expressways.
Once again it seems that the Sri Lanka is held, back by our own apathy. It is almost ubiquitous with Sri Lanka that most projects that are started are never completed. The same goes for the baseline road extension connecting the Kelaniya Bridge to the Rathmalana Airport. The road was terminated in Kirulapone and never extended to Rathmalana Airport. It seems that some sanity has prevailed and the current government is hoping to extend it maybe a couple of kilometres until it reaches Dutugemunu Street.
I hope that, given this current crisis, the government will expedite this project and extend it to the gates of the Rathmalana airport to ensure that we are able to make best use of this strategic connection between Rathmalana Airport and the city of Colombo to facilitate business and high net worth individuals (HNI’s) travel.
The fact that this road has been planned and designed and not executed for the last 20 years should be a source of national embarrassment and all necessary steps should be taken to quickly fulfill this need for the business community and investment flow.
The Rathmalana airport is also of great significance in terms of the rest of the infrastructure of the country. In terms of connectivity to the expressway and the Makumbura multimodal transport hub the distance is only 12 to 13 km.
While nations look for the silver lining in these dark cloud” times, Sri Lanka would be better served by looking inward for its silver lining and expediting and finishing projects so that we can avail of their strategic intention as well as enjoy the maximum economic benefit.
About the Author
Roshanga Wickremesinghe is the author of book How Small Countries Can Compete and Grow – A Case for Sri Lanka”. He is the founder of Think Tank Lanka (Pvt) Ltd. – a Strategy think tank and R & R Associates Consulting, a sector-independent Strategy Consulting practice.
Comments Off on The turmoil in the Middle East = Sri Lanka in economic trouble
Make the economy scream,” wrote Henry Kissinger in a note to CIA forces involved in efforts to oust President Salvador Allende in Chile in the early 1970s.
The same strategy was applied in Venezuela in 2002. A coup d’état that briefly succeeded, but then failed, was followed by an economic sabotage that shut down the oil industry and depleted the nation of basic consumer products, causing more than $20 billion USD in damages to the economy, but failing to remove Chavez from power. The business, labor, media and political groups backing the coup and the sabotage received direct funding and support from Washington and its agencies, including USAID, National Endowment for Democracy, International Republican Institute and the National Democratic Institute for International Affairs.
In 2007, they tried again, causing major product shortages nationwide, which spiked inflation, while at the same time taking protests to the streets and garnering international media attention that attempted to portray the Chavez government as dictatorial, repressive and in crisis.
Former US Secretary of State Lawrence Eagleburger, explained the US strategy and role at the time on Fox News, [Chavez’s] ability to appeal to the Venezuelan people, only works so long as the populous of Venezuela sees some ability for a better standard of living. If at some point the economy really gets bad, Chavez’s popularity within the country will certainly decrease and it’s the one weapon we have against him to begin with and which we should be using, namely the economic tools of trying to make the economy even worse so that his appeal in the country and the region goes down.”
Eagleburger, also advisor to President George W. Bush at that time, went on to state that Anything we can do to make their economy more difficult for them at this moment is a good thing, but let’s do it in ways that do not get us into direct conflict with Venezuela if we can get away with it.”
Sabotage
Shortly after Eagleburger’s statements, Venezuela’s economy plummeted. But the Chavez government’s swift nationalization of several industries and companies, along with firm legal action taken against those businesses hoarding products and illegally raising prices, saved the country from recession. The year 2007 in Venezuela was incredibly difficult, even toilet paper was hard to find, along with basic food staples like sugar, milk, flour and coffee. But it wasn’t because these products were lacking in the country. Discoveries were made of tons of products, hidden from consumers in warehouses belonging to national and transnational corporations. Other products were illegally transported across the border into Colombia and Panama for resale at higher prices.
During the past several years, the sabotage has continued in waves. Sometimes sugar is absent from supermarket shelves, causing panic, other times it’s milk, or corn flour, napkins or black beans. Then, mass quantities of these products are found in some container or warehouse belonging to a private corporation or overseen by a corrupt government official.
Just recently, 32 tons of decomposed food products, including oil, coffee, sugar, butter, rice, pasta, meat and milk, were discovered by Venezuela’s intelligence agency, Sebin, in 1,300 containers sitting in Port Cabello, on the north-central coast. The products were destined to be sold in the government subsidized markets, Mercal and Pdval, but corrupt officials had purposefully left them there to rot in order to provoke product shortages. Several government officials have already been detained and are under investigation for their role in this and other acts of corruption and sabotage in the food industry.
War on corruption,” declared President Chavez on Wednesday, adding that These are vices of the past, and we have discovered many public officials involved in corruption and will investigate and bring them to justice. No one is protected from corruption here, whoever falls, falls.” Chavez revealed that more than 30 public officials had already been tried and imprisoned for corruption in the food industry during the past few years.
Economic Warfare
In an event on Wednesday at a new socialist processing plant, Diana Oil, President Chavez responded to his private sector critics, diminishing their accusations. They say Chavez is destroying the country, that the workers don’t have the capacity to manage companies and that worker-run production is a crazy idea. They say the government destroys all the companies we run.”
Chavez also called for a response to what he perceives as a declared economic war” against the people and the Revolution. I call on the true working class in Venezuela to battle in the economic war against the bourgeoisie,” he exclaimed, adding, I was born for this battle. They have declared economic warfare against me and I call on all workers to join with me in the fight to take back our economy.”
The Venezuelan President had particular words for the owner of the nation’s largest food and beverage producer and distributor, Lorenzo Mendoza. One of the wealthiest men in Venezuela, and a Forbes billionaire, Mendoza runs Empresas Polar, which produces and distributes products such as Polar beer, PepsiCola and all kinds of juices, vinegars, sauces, ice creams, cereals, canned and frozen foods.
Chavez responded directly to Mendoza’s claims that the Venezuelan President is destroying the country, stating, I accept your challenge. Let’s go. You with your millions and me with my morals. Let’s see who lasts longer, you with your Polar and your riches, or me with my people and the dignity of a revolutionary soldier.” Chavez also warned Mendoza that if his company continues to hoard products, speculate and violate price regulations, Empresas Polar could be nationalized.
I’m not afraid to nationalize Polar, Mendoza, so be careful. The law is the law,” declared the Venezuelan head of state.
Polar has been one of the principal companies propelling product shortages in the country during the past few years, by hoarding the consumer goods in its hundreds of warehouses nationwide until enough panic and discontent has been generated in the country. Then the products are released at higher prices, violating financial regulations, causing inflation and attempting to cripple the economy.
But this week, President Chavez called on all sectors, private and public, to resist and combat this economic warfare. We are working for the well being of everyone, even the upper classes and private businesses. You won’t be stable until the rest of the country is, so let’s work for that together.”
Despite the economic turmoil affecting Venezuela, unemployment rates have decreased over the past few years, and poverty has been reduced from 70% to 23% since 1999.
The Reply of David Becker (Head of Legal, ICC) to Senaka Weeraratna was dismissive, disrespectful and patently wrong in the interpretation of law.
The reply of the South African lawyer David Becker (Head of Legal, ICC) to Senaka Weeraratna in May 2010on the question of the intellectual property rights over his brainchild ‘Player Referral’ which was rebranded by the ICC as the UDRS (Umpire Decision Review System), was dismissive, disrespectful and patently wrong in the interpretation of law. The legal doctrine of Constructive Notice was overlooked in Becker’s response. Constructive Notice acts as a legal presumption that a person has received notice, even if they actually have not, provided the information is public or easily accessible. Furthermore Becker’s reply was legalistic when the context demanded equity, fair play and simple Justice.
” This was the first occasion in world history that a case was made (in 1997), using the analogy of the appellate function of the legal system, to press home the point that we needed to adopt it on the playing field in a modified form in combination with modern technology, i.e. video play back in the hands of Third Umpire, to determine the accuracy of a decision made by an on field or ground umpire by way of a Review System.”
, then-Head of Legal for the International Cricket Council (ICC), to
Senaka Weeraratna on May 9, 2010, is a central point of contention regarding the origins of the Decision Review System (DRS).
The ICC’s Position
Becker’s response fundamentally denied Weeraratna’s claim to the Player Referral” concept based on several legalistic arguments:
Waiver of Confidentiality: Becker argued that by publishing his idea openly in newspapers and journals between 1997 and 1999, Weeraratna had waived his right to confidentiality” and effectively placed the idea in the public domain without securing a patent.
Lack of Prior Knowledge: Becker stated that the ICC Cricket Committee members who eventually developed the UDRS in 2006 were not, and are not, even aware of who you are”. He claimed their deliberations did not involve any information originating from Weeraratna.
Requirement for Formal Registration: The ICC maintained that if Weeraratna sought ownership, he should have registered a relevant patent” rather than addressing the public through mainstream media.
Overlooked Legal and Moral Arguments
Critics argue that Becker’s interpretation disregarded key legal and ethical principles:
Constructive Notice: Critics argue that widespread, prior publicity of the Player Referral” concept in major media outlets means the ICC is legally presumed to have known of it, a concept detailed in discussions of the case, such as this Lankaweb article.
Professional Responsibility: It is argued that a committee reviewing technical improvements to the game has a duty to be aware of existing public discourse, making the claim of ignorance implausible.
Moral Rights and Attribution: Supporters assert Weeraratna holds moral and economic rights, arguing that the ICC failed to attribute the core Player Referral” mechanism to its original creator.
Precedent for Recognition: The case of the Duckworth-Lewis-Stern method is often cited as a precedent for properly crediting innovators, suggesting a double standard in the ICC’s action.
………………………………………………………….
Decolonize Cricket: Re-name UDRS as the Weeraratna Rule
The Netherlands occupied parts of Ceylon from 1658 – 1796 as a Dutch Colony. Its legacy as an occupying power is a mixed bag. Ceylon was administered by the Dutch from Batavia (Indonesia), until the British replaced the Dutch in 1796. As a Colonial power the Dutch vandalized the treasures of the native Sinhala people, including the Dalada Maligawa (Temple of the Tooth) in Kandy, which was plundered by the Dutch led by the Dutch Governor Baron van Eck. A notable artifact seized was the ornate “Cannon of Kandy,” which was later sent to the Netherlands as a trophy (and returned to Sri Lanka in 2023). The Sinhalese fought and retook Kandy forcing the Dutch to retreat. Van Eck returned to Colombo but fell ill with malaria. He died on April 1, 1765, while still in office at the age of 46 years.
A large number of artifacts looted from Ceylon have been exhibited in famous Dutch Museums such as the RijksMuseum (for over 250 years) with not one cent given to Sri Lanka from the revenue earned from the visitors to these Museums. Sri Lanka has proposed to the Government of Netherlands to consider sharing the profits ( Revenue) earned from the time of display (250 years back) to date. Sri Lanka is a financially struggling country most of the time. The law of Unjust Enrichment is a part of Roman Dutch Law which is still extant in Sri Lanka ( though not in the Netherlands). Whatever the name of the law, ‘ Fair play’ is required here in the interest of Justice.
An Apology, Reparation, Repatriation of Stolen Artifacts, Atonement, Catharsis, and the like still figure in the negotiations for a Restitutio in integrum (or ad integrum)( Latin legal term meaning “restoration to original condition) between the Western colonial powers and the former colonies including Sri Lanka.
Senaka Weeraratna
Comments Off on The Government of the Netherlands must compensate Sri Lanka for crimes committed during the Dutch Occupation of Ceylon (1658 – 1796)
The question of whether the International Cricket Council (ICC) and Sri Lanka Cricket (SLC) have acted within the
Spirit of Cricket regarding the ownership of Decision Review System (DRS) intellectual property (IP) is a subject of significant debate and public criticism, particularly within Sri Lanka. While the ICC maintains that it followed internal processes to adopt the technology, critics and legal representatives of the claimant argue that the current handling of these rights lacks fairness and transparency.
Core Claims and Allegations
Original Concept: Sri Lankan lawyer
Senaka Weeraratna
claims he conceived the “Player Referral” concept—the foundation of DRS—in 1997. He published these ideas in major newspapers in Australia, England (London Times), Pakistan (Dawn), Malaysia (New Strait Times) and Sri Lanka, and ‘International Cricketer’ Journal ( Edited by Richard Hutton), nearly a decade before the ICC formally moved toward the system in 2006.
Lack of Recognition: Critics highlight that while inventors of the rain-rule system, Duckworth and Lewis, received global recognition and naming rights, Weeraratna has received no such acknowledgement or compensation, or even basic courtesies such as being invited to major public functions of SLC, ICC or International Cricket Tournaments. This is what the political analyst Shenali Waduge in a breath taking article categorized as ‘Eerishiyawa’ (Envy) that afflicts not only the decision makers of SLC but the country as a whole. Not a single President of the country, political party, parliamentarian (Member of Parliament) have taken up this cause of injustice to Sri Lanka, except the brave young MP Mr. Yadamini Gunawardena, who wrote a letter to the Secretary, Ministerial Consultative Committee on Sports & Youth Affairs dated July 25, 2024
Economic and Moral Rights: Proponents for Weeraratna argue he holds both “moral” and “economic” copyright, and that the ICC’s use of the system without consent or royalties constitutes a failure of “fair play and justice”.
Institutional Positions
ICC’s Stance: Former ICC legal counsel (South African lawyer Mr. David Becker) has stated that the committee members were unaware of Weeraratna’s work during their own deliberations. The ICC has reportedly argued that by publishing his idea openly without a patent, Weeraratna “waived his right to confidentiality”.
SLC’s Role: While SLC did make a submission to the ICC on behalf of Weeraratna in 2008, critics within Sri Lanka have accused the SLC board and the government of “cowardice” and “betrayal” for not more aggressively pursuing these claims for the benefit of the nation.
Ongoing Requests: As recently as 2024, there have been renewed calls for the Sri Lankan government and SLC to appoint a Commission of Inquiry or seek Third Party Arbitration to resolve the dispute in a manner consistent with the “Spirit of Cricket”.
Arguments Regarding the “Spirit of Cricket”
The debate often hinges on whether the “Spirit of Cricket”—which emphasizes respect for opponents and the game’s heritage—extends to the equitable treatment of those who innovate for the sport’s benefit.
Against the Spirit: Critics describe the ICC’s stance as “daylight highway robbery” and compare it to historical colonial attitudes where intellectual property is robbed and taken without any form of redress or accountability. The insensitivity of Euro – centric Administrators of the ICC to this righteous claim from a man from an economically struggling (almost bankrupt) country and former colony i.e., Sri Lanka, is shocking, to say the least. Shame on them.
The ICC has been accused of acting like a Multinational corporation which visits Third World countries and exploits the heritage of the poor indigenous people.
see
Authorship of Umpire Decision Review System: Sri Lankan claims recognition from ICC
Legal vs. Ethical: Legally, the ICC may be protected by the lack of a formal patent; however, ethically, many argue that the spirit of the game demands formal recognition of the individual who provided the solution to “umpiring howlers”.
The Government of India which acts like an elder brother of Sri Lanka in many difficult situations like the COVID crisis where a large sum of money was given to help salvage the country from total collapse has remained totally silent on the DRS issue. The President of ICC is Mr. Jay Shah who is the Chair of the International Cricket Council (ICC), having taken office on December 1, 2024.
In both India and Sri Lanka Cricket is treated next to religion but why is India silent on a matter that requires fair play and equity and not legal bluff like some within the ICC are using to prevent Justice being done.
India’s silence on who owns the intellectual property of DRS gives rise to charges of tacit acquiescence to a Daylight Robbery on the Playing Fields of Cricket. Player – Referral system ( basis of DRS) is Sri Lankan. Make no mistake. Not ICC.
The stocks of India and particularly that of the Prime Minister Narendra Modi will rise to astronomical heights in the entire cricket world particularly in Sri Lanka if India were to help Sri Lanka gain due recognition and adequate financial compensation from the ICC for use of DRS without the consent of the inventor of the Player – Referral system in Cricket (and an increasing number of other Sports) Mr. Senaka Weeraratna.
https://share.google/aimode/MQDf4i4KoSTdvPHrq
Source: AI Overview ( Chat GPT) with input from Senaka Weeraratna
…………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………
See also
https://share.google/aimode/muI3FAluNAHO6RbUu
Whether the ICC and SLC acted within the “Spirit of Cricket” regarding the Decision Review System (DRS) intellectual property is contentious. While SLC formally moved to push the ICC to review claims that a Sri Lankan (Senaka Weeraratne) invented the system
Critics argue the ICC has used bullying tactics, failing to acknowledge authorship to avoid royalty payments, and that SLC hasn’t pursued this vigorously.
Claims of Authorship: It is argued that the Player Referral concept was invented by a Sri Lankan in 1997, nine years before the ICC implemented the UDRS in 2006, and should be recognized as such.
ICC Position: The ICC has stated that its committees developed the DRS concept independently and were unaware of prior publications, essentially bypassing legal doctrines of constructive notice.
“Spirit of Cricket” Concerns: Critics argue that using a system invented by a citizen of a financially struggling nation (Sri Lanka) without proper recognition or royalties violates the “Spirit of Cricket”.
SLC Involvement: While SLC CEO Ashley de Silva agreed to submit these claims to the ICC for study in 2020, there has been public frustration within Sri Lanka regarding the lack of, or ineffective, follow-up action to get the invention recognized.
The situation remains a complex dispute between intellectual property claims and the ICC’s development of its own technology.
Comments Off on Have the ICC in collaboration with SLC acted within the ‘Spirit of Cricket’ in dealing with the critical issue of ownership of the intellectual property of DRS?
National Development Bank PLC (NDB) has been named Sri Lanka’s Best Trade Finance Bank at the Euromoney Awards for Excellence 2026, securing the #1 overall domestic ranking among local banks. This prestigious recognition determined through votes from corporate clients underscores the confidence placed in NDB by businesses across the country and reaffirms the Bank’s commitment to strengthening Sri Lanka’s trade and export ecosystem through innovative, future-ready financial solutions.
Presented by Euromoney, a globally respected authority in banking and financial market intelligence, the award reflects direct feedback from corporate clients, exporters, and international trade-focused enterprises. Its client‑voted nature makes the accolade particularly significant, signalling strong endorsement from organizations that rely on NDB’s trade finance solutions daily. Achieving the top domestic position highlights the Bank’s ability to deliver reliability, strategic value, and consistency in a rapidly changing global trade environment.
Commenting on the achievement, Kelum Edirisinghe, Director and CEO of NDB Bank, stated,Being named Sri Lanka’s Best Trade Finance Bank and securing the number one domestic ranking is both an honour and a responsibility. Trade finance is fundamental to our economy, especially for exporters and growth-driven enterprises. This recognition, driven by the voice of our clients, validates the strength of our transactional banking capabilities, the expertise of our teams, and our commitment to delivering solutions that are resilient, responsive, and globally connected. We remain focused on enabling Sri Lankan businesses to compete confidently in international markets while navigating evolving trade dynamics.”
NDB’s success is underpinned by its comprehensive suite of transaction banking and trade finance solutions, designed to support businesses across the full trade lifecycle. The Bank’s dedicated Client Services Unit, supported by specialized Transaction Banking sales teams operating islandwide, ensures clients receive personalized attention, rapid turnaround, and seamless support. With extended service hours and streamlined processing frameworks, NDB provides businesses with the operational agility required to manage time‑sensitive trade transactions efficiently.
The Bank’s proposition is further strengthened by its network of industry specialists and subject-matter experts across key regions. These professionals bring deep sector expertise, enabling NDB to structure financial solutions that align with supply chain patterns, project cycles, and export market dynamics. Through close engagement, regional specialists provide advisory-led support that is both practical and strategically aligned with client needs.
For exporters, NDB offers a robust suite of trade facilities that includes, structured trade finance solutions, and supply chain financing tailored to facilitate seamless cross-border operations. The Bank’s expanding network of correspondent banking partners enhances global connectivity, supporting efficient settlements across major trade corridors. This blend of global reach and local expertise empowers Sri Lankan exporters to enter international markets with confidence and operational clarity.
NDB’s integrated Treasury services further complement its trade finance strengths by helping clients manage foreign exchange exposure, interest rate volatility, and liquidity planning. Through competitive FX solutions, hedging instruments, and advisory services, the Bank enables businesses to safeguard margins and maintain financial stability amid global market fluctuations. The alignment of treasury and trade solutions ensures a holistic approach to both transactional execution and financial risk management.
Digital enablement remains central to NDB’s evolution in transaction banking. Platforms such as NEOS Corporate and NEOS BIZ provide secure, real-time access to accounts, payment authorizations, and transaction monitoring, while TradeLinc digitizes supply chain financing and enhances collaboration between buyers and suppliers. These digital platforms enhance efficiency, transparency, and control, enabling enterprises to manage local and cross-border trade operations with greater precision and speed.
NDB’s continued emphasis on service excellence, sector expertise, digital innovation, and global connectivity has strengthened its position as a leading trade finance partner in Sri Lanka. Securing the number one domestic ranking through direct client endorsement reflects both trust earned and sustained momentum. As Sri Lankan businesses expand exports and deepen global partnerships, NDB remains committed to facilitating trade, supporting enterprise growth, and advancing national economic development.
Businesses seeking to enhance their trade capabilities are encouraged to connect with NDB’s Trade specialists or visit the nearest NDB branch to explore tailored solutions designed to meet evolving commercial needs.
NDB Bank is the fourth-largest listed commercial bank in Sri Lanka. The Bank was named Sri Lanka’s Best Digital Bank for SMEs at Euromoney Awards for Excellence 2025 and was awarded Domestic Retail Bank of the Year – Sri Lanka and Islamic Banking Initiative of the Year – Sri Lanka at the Asian Banking & Finance Retail Banking Awards 2025. NDB is the parent company of the NDB Group, comprising capital market subsidiary companies, together forming a unique banking and capital market services group. The Bank is committed to empowering the nation and its people through meaningful financial and advisory services powered by digital banking solutions.
Comments Off on NDB Bank Secures Top Domestic Ranking as Sri Lanka’s Best Trade Finance Bank at Euromoney 2026
‘Before you study the economics, study the economists!’
e-Con e-News 22-28 March 2026
*
‘The [USA] wanted to bring 2 warplanes armed with 8 antiship missiles
from a base in Djibouti… We turned down the request to maintain
Sri Lanka’s neutrality’, he added to applause… Dissanayake said he had
received another request that same day, on Feb 26, from Iran to seek
permission for 3 naval vessels to make a goodwill visit to Sri Lanka:
‘With 2 requests before us, the decision was clear,’
– see ee Sovereignty, SL says it denied US request
to land 2 aircraft at Mattala airport
*
‘It is unclear as to why the request made by one country
was made public earlier & the other 2 weeks later.
So far there has been no comment from the US side
on their request made to Sri Lanka.’
– Sunday Times (see ee Sovereignty,
QR code & West Asian war…)
Ceylon Today Deputy Editor Sulochana Ramiah Mohan had her notebooks seized by police officers while she was interviewing Iranian sailors being treated at the Karapitiya Hospital, Galle, after the US attack. She lodged a complaint with the Galle Police, but they say no such complaint has been received. Apparently, Mohan was not provided with a complaint reference number at the time of filing. Maybe she should ask the US Embassy (see ee Media).
For it is the US embassy who has got Sri Lankan & Indian officials to prevent witnesses to the bombing of Iran ship IRIS Dena from speaking in public (especially about the hours & days preceding the attack, & what took place during & afterwards). There are also charges that Indian officials informed the USA of the ships’ movements, and Sri Lankan officials delayed the entry of the Dena to enable the USA to launch its attack, with both feigning ignorance about the bombing (see ee Focus).
The US insists the attack was legal, yet cannot explain ‘why the USA left its premier submarine-hunting aircraft to fly drills [in India] alongside the Dena one week before a submarine killed her’. Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi & Minister of External Affairs Subramanyan Jaishankar had already promiscuously sided with the US (& their catspaw Israel) against Iran just before the latest invasion on February 28.
Both India and Sri Lanka are now attempting to proclaim neutrality as the US war is being fiercely resisted, and essential oil, gas & fertilizer on which economies depend are being shut off. Hence, the inflated claims that Iran & Russia are both willing to help Sri Lanka & India midst the genuflection before imperialist dictate. ‘Iran has released only token Indian oil & gas cargoes from the Persian Gulf.’ Meanwhile, Modi purportedly begged President Trump on March 24 to realize ‘that the Strait of Hormuz remains open, secure & accessible is essential for the whole world’. EAM Jaishankar also has kept emphasizing Indian positions against Iran, while meeting this past week with US Secretary of State Marco Rubio, Undersecretary of Defense Elbridge Colby, and Arab foreign ministers. Vande Mataram! – I bow to thee, Mother India!
‘Our message to our neighbouring countries…
Please don’t be complicit in the crimes
of the US & Israel regime.’
– Iranian Ambassador Alireza Delkhosh
*
• EurAsia Times analyst Sumit Ahlawat reported on March 26, under the headline Iranian Sailors Trapped in SL: Tehran Demands Return, US Pressure Mounts – Can Colombo Stay Neutral? that he interviewed Foreign Minister Vijitha Herath. Herath told him that 252 Iranian sailors remain in Colombo’s ‘custody’. In fact, they are also being held ‘incommunicado’. Herath says there is intense US government pressure not to allow the repatriation of the Iranian crews. The pressure includes threats to reverse the US trade tariff & other concessions.
This explains the largely hurried & unheralded visit of US Special Envoy for South & Central Asia, Sergio Gor, who called on President AK Dissanayake at his Secretariat on Thursday, 19 March. During the special envoy’s stay in Colombo, the President ‘chose to drop a diplomatic bombshell in Parliament’, announcing that Sri Lanka had also turned down a request from the USA to land 2 armed military aircraft with ‘8 anti-ship missiles’ at the Mattala International Airport.
Yet, the Sri Lanka President had told ‘a select group of journalists on March 5’, a day after the sinking of one Iranian ship, that he had only refused a request from Iran for 3 Iranian navy ships to visit Sri Lanka on March 9 and 13. He did not mention anything about armed US aircraft. Why did the President wait 2 weeks to tell the country that the USA had also made a request on the same day, previous to the Iranian request, and then turned both down to display the country’s neutrality? Why did he have to await the ingress of Mr Gor? The Indian media, and such US media as the New York Times, and much, but not all of the Sri Lankan media commentariat, then went into great paroxysms of ecstasy about how a ‘small’ country had dared exhibit such ‘neutrality’ & ‘independence’ (see ee Quotes, US & Indian Chorus Line). Other observers are not so sure.
Responding to accusations that his undisclosed defence agreement with USA inevitably makes Sri Lanka party to the conflict, Dissanayake told Parliament there is no provision that obliges the government to take part in US warmongering. The President said the USA made the request for their aircraft to land at Mattala the same evening as Iran’s request for safe harbor. However, he had made no mention of this before, and apparently had to await Mr. Gor’s go ahead last week.
This ee reproduces the Moscow correspondent John Helmer’s equally if not more explosive claim: the Indian government, which had invited the Iranian ships, had kept track of them after their departure, informing the US government of their movements (see ee Focus). Moscow-based Helmer & his website Dances with Bears have thus been banned from appearing on Gunners Shot, the strategic & military analysis website ‘widely read by the national security & military staffs around PM Narendra Modi’.
Helmer also adds to the local media’s incendiary claim that the Sri Lankan navy (Vice Admiral Kanchana Banagoda) had verbally invited the ships to visit, but later the Sri Lankan government kept delaying permission to enter. This delay had given the US government enough time to dispatch the US Navy destroyer USS Pinckney from Singapore, to ambush the Iranian ship, mostly a navy band of saxophonists & violinists. Australia military officials also took part in the attack. The involvement of the USA, India & Australia suggest this was a ‘Quad’operation. News of the sudden visit of the Australian High Commissioner to meet the SL environment minister this week to ‘boost green cooperation’ does not mention if Canberra will pay for the cleanup. Meanwhile, to perhaps reinforce the US claim about Mattala, there has been further speculation about the much-maligned Chinese-built airport being allowed ‘resurrection’. There has also been diversionary speculation about the need for a skewed and already compromised neutrality, inspired by English media, that Iran’s purported attack on Diego Garcia signals its ability to attack Sri Lanka & Europe as well!
` On 16 March, Rear Admiral (retd) Sarath Weerasekara, former Sri Lankan navy chief of staff and presidential advisor, told a London newspaper, the Dena ‘was left waiting for more than 11 hours, a delay that would prove deadly by the morning of 4 March’. It is unclear what course the Dena took after the Indian exercises ended. Indian media speculate there was a direct meeting between India’s PM N Modi and the Indian Navy chief Admiral Dinesh Tripathi, either just before the March 4 sinking, or just after. There has been no confirmation of this. Their last confirmed meetings, reported in May 2025, included such officials as National Security Advisor Ajit Doval, Defense Minister Rajnath Singh, & chief of the Defence Staff General Anil Chauhan. Modi, Doval, Jaishankar & the military & intelligence chiefs would ‘certainly have met’ immediately after the US-Israeli attack on February 28, states Helmer, when the Iranian squadron was seeking sanctuary. Modi met India’s Cabinet Committee on Security on March 1 & 2.
The Iranian squadron departed Visakhapatnam port in Andhra Pradesh, in southeast India, on February 25 to take the most direct course south and then west for their return to Iran. Ordered to remain as close to the coastlines as possible, their most likely route through the Bay of Bengal to the Indian Ocean would have been through the Palk Strait, between India & Sri Lanka. If the squadron had avoided the Palk Strait and turned on to a southeast bearing to go around Sri Lanka’s eastern coast, the target destination would have been Trincomalee, entering there within 24 hours (Feb 26) when the request for sanctuary was first recorded by the Sri Lankan presidency. From there to Kochi, on India’s western coast, the estimated voyage time required at Dena’s cruise speed was 24 hours.
Indian EAM Jaishankar has confirmed February 28 as the date the Iranian request for sanctuary. India record that only one vessel, the Lavan, had been granted access to Kochi, but is unclear when exactly the Lavan entered Kochi. The Indian press report claims that the Lavan did not enter Kochi until March 4 – after the Dena had been sunk. Jaishankar has not explained the delay nor why the Lavan was permitted, while the Dena & Bushwehr were not. There is no clarity in the Indian or Sri Lankan record – the public record which government officials have produced after the US attack – on where each of the Iranian trio was on Feb 28. There is also no evidence on what happened in the almost 4 days at sea for the Iranian squadron between Feb 28 and the sinking of the Dena on March 4.
Why the 4 days of delay? Helmer asserts that the Iranians understood that the Indians & Sri Lankans were under pressure from the USA to delay and refuse. Admiral Weekaseera has commented that the Sri Lankan Security Council’s delay was a betrayal. Tehran is likely to have suspected Indian betrayal after the support Modi had declared for the Israeli & US war. The Dena’s orders were not to attempt to head westwards to Bandar Abbas. It is therefore concluded that off Kochi, the Dena reversed course to sail eastward away from the war. It was then heading either to Tuticorin (Thoothukudi), India, or Galle. Refused entry again by Modi & Jaishankar for any Indian port, the Dena must have been hoping for safe harbor at Galle. The sea distance between Kochi & Tuticorin is 172.3 nm – that is half the distance for the Dena to have reached Galle; at 20 knots, 8 hours 39 minutes. The Indian Navy knew the vessel was sailing away from the war. The USA knew, yet decided to kill the Dena & its crew, before – minutes before – they reached safety.
An anti-Tehran propaganda agency in London, Iran International claims the USS Charlotte had issued a warning to the Dena’s captain to abandon ship before the attack, and that he had refused. A Reuters report claims ‘a US official, speaking on condition of anonymity, told Reuters… the USA did not provide a warning before carrying out the strike’. Reuters(a private-public partnership!) also was allowed to access a ‘secret’ State Department cable from ‘Jayne Howell, the chargé d’affaires at the US embassy in Colombo, [who] had emphasized to Sri Lanka’s government that neither the Bushehr crew nor the 32 Dena survivors should be repatriated to Iran’, adding ‘Sri Lankan authorities should minimize Iranian attempts to use the detainees for propaganda… There is a press blackout on the negotiations between the Indians, the Sri Lankans, Iranians & US officials on what will happen to them’, says Helmer.
Jaishankar & Modi have also been ‘applying pressure on Sri Lanka to stay in line’. According to a Modi tweet on March 24:
‘Spoke with President Dissanayake & discussed the evolving
situation in West Asia, with particular focus on disruptions
affecting global energy security. We reviewed progress on key
initiatives aimed at strengthening India-SL energy
cooperation & enhancing regional security. As close &
trusted partners, we reaffirmed our commitment to work
closely together in addressing shared challenges.’
*
• The last line is being interpreted as an Indian threat to Sri Lanka ‘to do what it is told’. Meanwhile, Sri Lankan officials have appealed to Russia & China for their help. The Kremlin responded by sending Russian Deputy Energy Minister Roman Marshavin to Colombo on March 27, also expressing ‘a willingness to share know-how in the area of digitalization & cybersecurity in the fuel & energy sector’. A photograph of Sri Lankan officials at the meeting shows Central Bank chief Nandalal Weerasinghe (expecting an added pension in Washington?) reading a book during the meeting with the senior Russian minister. It is unclear if it’s the Bible, Koran or a Russian dictionary? Perhaps it was to display nonchalance or disapproval. He knows this government is trapped by his sponsors.
Yet, will the CB governor take refuge in the US embassy or flee to a Washington suburb soon? He has been fending off demands to restrict Dollar outflows, while playing the role of chief local native optimist conjuror, offering palliatives astrologizing that the IMF is about to offer ‘significant’ balms to anesthetize us through the IMF prescriptions. How does he know? Perhaps it was in that book! However, whether he likes it or not, a war economy is on its way (as the Asia Progress Forum, in fact recommends, see ee Random Notes), and he should read up on what the English did here in fear of the Japanese blockade in their World War II. In the end, considering the CB governor’s rote announcements on the economy, he could easily be replaced by a robot, much as war has been outsourced to their algorithms…
Blame for the US bombing of a girls’ school is being assigned to the US military’s Maven Smart System (MSS), built by data mining company Palantir (owned by Trump’s ventriloquists Alex Karp & Peter Thiel, who also supply him with soundbytes). ‘MSS generates ‘insights’ from vast amounts of classified data from satellites, surveillance and other intelligence, to provide real-time targeting and target prioritization for military operations. Embedded into the system is Anthropic’s AI tool Claude, that is in daily use across most parts of the military. Maven, powered by Claude, suggests 100s of targets, issuing precise location coordinates, and prioritizing targets according to importance. The pairing of Maven & Claude has created a tool that is speeding up the pace of the campaign, reduces a country’s ability to counterstrike and turning weeks-long battle planning into real-time operations. Yet current AI system, based on Large Language Models, are inherently unreliable. Their underlying algorithms guarantee that they produce errors. The percentage of errors increases with the size of the models. OpenAI’s o1 reasoning model hallucinates 16% of the time. Their newer o3 model? 33%. Their newest o4-mini? 48%! Nearly half of what their most recent model tells you could be fabricated. The ‘smarter’ models are actually getting worse at telling the truth.’ (ee Security, AI Targeting) And so is the Central Bank governor! His panaceas will take us nowhere, just like the used-hardware sold to us by the USA & Indians, that has been proven ineffective by the asymmetrical warfare of the Iranians,
*
‘They are signalling to us. & to China [that] we [US]
have a global presence. Don’t mess with us anywhere.’
– Retired Indian Lt General Raj Shukla
(see ee Focus)
• The Strait of Hormuz is open. The USA is on its way to closing it. It is not Iran who has ‘effectively’ blocked it (see below Shiran Illanperuma’s otherwise excellent article claims – we again changed his title to ‘keeping energy in national hands’ from ‘public hands’, for the ‘public is the people’s worst enemy’). The main culprits, who are part of the US strategy, are the shipping insurance companies aka the International Group of Protection & Indemnity Clubs (see Insurers Make a Killing,ee07 March 2026).
So full of free this & free that, free market & free trade, the numerous US-funded thinktanks – the US Advocatas, the Verités, the Margas, the Groundviews, and the IPSs, do not seem to have factored in the possibility of their capitalist patrons setting the world on fire. Their tanks have clearly not thunk too deeply. The thought that now that their cars may run out of fuel, has set them afire. And they are running about listing the percentages of this & that their import-export quality economy is about to run out of. While Catholic Action’s Fernandos and the Borah’s Jafferjees have taken to pushing real-estate and wealth funds, the rest of the Hayekian crew have taken to lamenting the nightmare of rationing, warning about QR codes & ‘black’ markets etc. Yet it is not a matter of price controls (promoted by those who seek to manage capitalism’s crises more fairly, see ee Quotes, Not Only), or no price controls (which the English were happy to impose during WW2).
The current round of chaos in West Asia, is not just the result of the US invasion, it is part of the US plan. In fact, it is part of the old English plan to block industrialization in our countries. Industrialization needs ‘an affordable & stable supply of energy’. And most importantly, socialism is not possible without industrialization. Many argue that the US wars on Iraq, Libya, Syria, Venezuela, Ukraine, etc, have been strategic blunders – but they have a single goal: total energy control to prevent any such modernization. They left Vietnam in shambles for this reason. Perhaps only China & DPRK have been able to thwart them.
The Angry Ghost of Wimalasurendra – With threatened power cuts, there is growing pressure to furtherprivatize the petroleum sector, writes Shiran Illanperuma in ‘The Case for Keeping the Petroleum Sector in National Hands’ (see ee Focus). The government has acceded to the US- & English-backed Ceylon Chamber of Commerce’s demand to allow 11 private companiesto import fuel. This takes us back to the 1950s, when the import & distribution of fuel in Sri Lanka was an oligopoly of 3 private Euro-US companies – Standard Vacuum Oil Co, California Texas Oil Co or Caltex, and Royal Dutch Shell Group. Shell alone controlled 60% of the market, while Standard & Caltex controlled the remaining 40%.
It is Shell & others who sabotaged Wimalasurendra’s early vision of energy self-sufficiency. These 3 private fuelsuppliers, actually a price-fixing cartel, drained foreign currency, increasing the costs of industrial development, and refused to lower the price of fuel. Ilanperuma provides 4 reasons why the Government ‘must hold the line on public ownership’. He concludes by stating, ‘The record of industrialising Asia shows that it is public ownership, not private enterprise, that gives the State the tools to manage energy supply in the national interest.’
Ilanperuma’s next essay should track what happened to Sirimavo Bandaranaike and TB Illangaratne’s Petroleum Corporation Act No 28 of 1961. It led to US Hickenlooper Amendment sanctioning Ceylon, & the attempted coup d’etat of 1962 & the expulsion of the US Peace Corps who are back teaching us (yes, us!) English!! And PCA 1961 also led to… Cuba… & Venezuela… & back it all went to Shell! So, yes, it is an update on the Wimalasurendra tale. In fact, all these ghosts are so angry… (see ee, 20 April 2020).
*
• This ee Focus continues with obliterating the myths about the supposed antipathy of the Sinhala worker to hard work. Why were the English (& the kalusuddhas who they created to rule on their behalf) opposed to the creation of a working class in Sri Lanka? Why couldn’t or didn’t they replicate those policies from England, using advanced technology, to wrench out the livelihoods of independent peasants by the competition of the factory and by land enclosures, etc? This ee ends Chapter 8 of SBD de Silva’s 1982 classic, The Political Economy of Underdevelopment, which throws out the prevailing myths about the so-called ‘non-availability’ of village labour in the plantations due to ‘attitudes, values & mores or the innate racial characteristics of people’. He details trade & monetization, showing the ‘prevalence of wage labour in Sri Lanka before and during the period which saw the establishment of plantations’. He then points to Japan, which mobilized rural labor within the rural economy, by getting them to make component parts for urban-based industries, enabling employment by accommodating the agricultural cycle of rice production. This excerpt, which also examines, ‘why the peasant economy in the underdeveloped countries failed to evolve on capitalist lines’, by shifting ‘labour outside the family workshop or farm’, has some classic lines about how the wage worker loses their ‘freedom to decide the pace & pattern of work’. Also, on why the ‘growth of capitalist relations in paddy production has been extremely tardy’, due to the development of capitalism in agriculture being a ‘far more complex and slower process than in industry.’ While the stupid merchant media in Sri Lanka ignores Sinhala agriculture, SBD’s book offers incredible insights into the ‘specific sequential pattern governed by the natural crop cycle’, where the ‘paddy economy consequently requires a large labour force employed at various degrees of intensity during different times of the year’. He details Wet and Dry Zone agriculture, and examines the Eastern Province & Hambantota district.
SBD de Silva suggested the absence of landless wage labour was also due to specific pressures on the peasant economy. The English invasion and the growth of the plantations undermined the infrastructure of the paddy economy, their destruction and subsequent decline of irrigation facilities and the loss of access of the peasants to forest land and pastures. He then compared all this to what happened in the settler countries in Africa…
*
‘How the Great River Quartet of
Mahaweli, Kelani, Kalu, & Walawe,
& their attendant mid-level streams,
behaved before Ditwah masks the reality
that they are not the loving & smiling
beauties, poets claim them to be…’
*
• Irrigation is also the subject of Lokubanda Tillakaratne’s lyrical (though he claims not to like the ways poets romanticize nature) examination of the ancient Sinhala system. He discusses the Village Tank Cascades in relation to what he calls the ‘Great River Quartet’ and why Cyclone Ditwah was able to do what it did (see ee Focus). He compares the destruction to the relative resilience of the village tanks in the Dry Zone – Northern, North Central, Northeast & Eastern provinces, which ‘weathered that onslaught, sustaining only manageable damage’. He shows how tanks were the result of ‘1,000 years of experiment & experience,’ and how ‘ancient tank builders took advantage of the flat and undulating topography of the NCP to make chains of tanks in the valleys.’ He also points out how it was ‘founded on the feeling of solidarity among the villages along an ephemeral stream’.
He makes no mention of the destruction of irrigation systems, as being basic to the English invasion of Sri Lanka, or how the imposition of tea plantations made erosion worse and turned the Mahaveli brown. Conversely, he offers no program for the reconstruction of irrigation systems, or that rural industry is also basic to a renaissance.
*
• The fattest & heaviest & glossiest section of the weekly Sunday Times is its ‘Education’ supplement. But it is most educational in what it doesn’t say. Sri Lankans are rightly proud that we once hosted one of the oldest universities in the world, Abhayagiriya, but such grandeur is not what such supplements seek to resurrect. Instead, the pleasures of getting a chance to study in the white world, and possibly a visa to go with it, is driven along with images of ‘darkies’ mixing freely & gaily with mortar-board-wearing airbrushed white girls & boys, complete with images of gold-rimmed certificates, etc. ‘A Question of Integrity & Corporate Liability in Transnational Higher Education’ is the subject of Janadari Wijesinghe’s look into this ‘higher education’ game (see ee Focus). She laments how fake foreign degrees are granted & real jobs obtained, with the apparent connivance of imperialist (tho she doesn’t call them that) embassies, whose employees (diplomats included) front for them.
While the appellation ‘doctor’ & ‘professor’ liberally prefixes the names of people offering prolix advice in the media, we actually do not give a damn about their qualifications unless they are operating on our body parts. SBD de Silva once refused to enter his office at the Hector Kobbekaduwa Agrarian Research & Training Institute (ARTI), when he found a painter inscribing on the glass door his name with ‘Doctor’ added on. His objection? He could be disturbed by patients seeking immediate relief for their agues & pains! Economics like ayurveda requires long-term application apparently.
*
• The tremendous upsurging of fake news, especially by the so-called ‘legacy media’, the BBC, New York Times, Reuters, etc, as well as by so-called social media, which is dominated by the manipulations of the Magnificent 7 or 10, uses the latest technologies, to both misinform & disinform, tweaking new items about real events to insert & inject their biases. The use of familiarized tropes that do not make sense when examined – Western, Middle East, etc, also serve to mislead & confuse. Or the use of the passive voice: ‘Iranian Ship Sunk’, ‘The War Continues…’
*
‘Authorities determined that the ship would not be kept at Colombo
Port because the harbor is the country’s main commercial maritime
hub, & the presence of a belligerent state’s naval vessel could
affect shipping activity & insurance costs.’
*
Diverse ‘belligerents’, including India & Pakistan, USA & Japan, park their ships in our ports. The USA & Iran are both being called ‘belligerents.’ A belligerent is described as an English adjective, meaning ‘hostile & aggressive’, and a noun: ‘a nation or person engaged in war or conflict, as recognized by international law: ships & goods captured at sea by a belligerent’. Was Sri Lanka a belligerent when it resisted repeated attacks by Portugal, Holland & England for over 500 years?Further, we repeat, that it is not an ‘Iran War’, no more than the English wars on Sri Lanka that are often called ‘Kandyan Wars’. It is not a US-Israeli invasion, either, but a US invasion. Nor is it just a Trump or Republican, Jewish or Epstein invasion. These wars have long been in the planning, tranversing administrations, political parties & their leaders.
In order to maintain white supremacy, as their Secretary of State hysterically announced in Munich as an urgent necessity, the USA aims to monopolize energy sources, and not just oil. It has instructed its lip-services (aka foeda labiorum ministeria – ‘base services performed with the lips’) in Colombo (EconomyNext etc) to attack electric vehicles & renewable energies, but their aims go beyond mere electricity… (see ee Quotes, Attack Dogs)
*
• Sri Lankans who have either been prevented from knowing their own history, or do not care to know about it, can still catch a glimpse of our past from the images brought to us from Palestine & Iran. Hidden US history is also on display for those with their heads in the white snows, who take seriously what the USA says about themselves, or look upon the USA as a model of democracy. They apparently do not know or care to know how the ‘West’ was really won, or lost or destroyed. The story of the settler colonies is a story SBD de Silva has sought to tell by contrasting them to our own sorry tales as non-settler colonial states. What is happening now exposes clearly to us, history we either ignored or was deliberately hidden from us. We recall the sheer arrogance of our intellectuals who rushed to declare post-coloniality to become masters (minus slaves) & non-medical doctors. Meanwhile, we barely recognized what independence actually entailed. SBD de Silva noted it is the genocidal white settlers who remind us what independence actually entails. Israel is its latest manifestation in Asia, but it is not at all as independent as it claims to be.
US-led white supremacism has decided to wage war on the world, to at least maintain or even better, advance colonialism. Their allies include the honorary whites, the house kneegrows, who are like the remora who live below the lips of the shark feeding off the excess droppings, or like the tapeworms live off the excesses undigested and unexecreted. These are the people who rule Sri Lanka…
*
• Readers (see ee Comments) have many questions about our (really: SBD de Silva’s) take on the plantation system & the garment trade. Yes, there have been tea-plucking machines for a long time in the world (Russia, Japan, etc), and some estates supposedly use them, and one or 2 may ‘assemble’ them, but we are talking of 100,000s of workers, and after over 150 years of this plantation game, there is no mass adoption of mechanization. Also, a measure of an advanced (not only, agricultural) economy, is not a question of output per hectare, but output per worker? Readers have challenged ee before about how the tea plantation owners used to make their engines, but it did not change the main relations of production, did they? And it did not lead to horizontal or vertical integration, or where one thing leads to another? As for the ‘rag trade’, again, there may be some fabric makers, but what percentage of output do they provide? ‘MAS Holdings, Sri Lanka’s largest apparel manufacturer, announced… Texco Ltd, a cotton fabric processing mill, and Noyon Lanka, a knitted lace manufacturer’. But where are machines & the cotton etc from? and look at why they are howling now about the lack of fabric materials from West Asia! Also, the measure of an economy, is not what is made, but how it is made! Have the plantations (Unilever just opened a new HQ, but are hiding their plantation game behind local oligarchs now, Brown’s, etc) or have rag traders made one machine that makes machines to make their products? A pin-making machine? Unilever appears to be the main researcher into & producer of plantation & FMCG chemistries and has been tampering with the ‘Ceylon Tea’ brand to dilute it with teas & chemicals from other locations? Sri Lanka appears to have no control over its ‘brands’, let alone its sovereignty….
Sri Lanka should initiate following project in Trinco in parallel with the proposed development of Oil Tanks in Trincomalee
A. Deep Water Oil Jetty (POP Model) • Public–Private Partnership with Plug-in Operator Participation (POP)” • Capable of handling VLCC / ULCC tankers • Linked via subsea or onshore pipelines
Investor appeal: • Long-term throughput guarantees • Strategic location near East-West shipping lane
B. Slop & Residue Processing Hub
This is actually a high-margin niche often ignored. • Reception of: • Sludge • Tank bottom residues • Oily water mixtures • Processing into: • Recovered fuel oil • Waste treatment products
Why it works: • Environmental regulations (IMO) force ships to dispose safely • Few facilities exist in the region • Recurring revenue stream
C. Tanker Retrofit & FPSO Conversion Yard
This is the most ambitious—and potentially transformative. • Convert aging tankers into: • Floating Production Storage and Offloading vessel (FPSO) • Provide: • Hull repairs • Life extension retrofits • Offshore conversion engineering
Market drivers: • Rising offshore energy projects • Cost advantage vs building new FPSOs • Demand in Africa, Southeast Asia, and India
3. Competitive Advantage for Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka can differentiate itself from competitors like Singapore or Dubai by offering: • Lower operating costs • Neutral geopolitical positioning • Natural deep harbor (Trincomalee is one of the deepest in the region) • Existing tank farm potential (underutilized assets)
4. Key Risks (Must be addressed upfront)
Let’s be blunt—this is where past efforts failed: • Policy inconsistency • Hidden bilateral constraints (especially energy agreements) • Port Authority resistance / bureaucracy • Lack of transparent tendering Without fixing governance, investors will not commit capital.
5. What we Should Push For (Action Plan)
To make this real, our proposal should demand:
1. Cabinet-Level Strategic Classification
Declare Trincomalee as:
Energy Maritime Industrial Zone”
2. Ring-Fenced PPP Framework • Independent regulatory body • Transparent concession agreements • No political interference
3. Indian Partnership – But Balanced
Engage India (given proximity and demand), but: • Avoid exclusivity clauses • Keep multi-country investor access (Japan, Korea, Middle East)
The “slave mindset” within Sri Lanka Cricket (SLC) is a phrase frequently used by critics, fans, and former players to describe a perceived culture of subservience, systemic incompetence, and lack of professional dignity within the administrative structure, rather than the players themselves.
According to various commentaries and reports, this mentality is characterized by the following:
Administrative Subservience and Politicization
Dependency on Foreign Power Dynamics: Critics have argued that SLC sometimes behaves as a “slave to the BCCI” (Board of Control for Cricket in India), bowing to the influence of larger cricket boards rather than acting in its own best interests.
Politicization: The administration is often described as being heavily influenced by politicians who use the sport for popularity and financial gain, rather than merit-based development.
“Carousel of Convenience”: SLC is accused of constantly changing coaches and captains to deflect blame from administrative failures, rather than implementing long-term, professional strategies.
Mismanagement and Lack of Professionalism
Neglect of Talent and Infrastructure: Despite possessing high reserves, the investment strategy is criticized as weak, with 85% of national talent originating from only four districts, suggesting poor scouting.
Inadequate Support for Players: Players have historically been reported as being underpaid, poorly supported, and mistreated compared to other top-tier teams.
Exploitation: Former players and staff have, at times, been used as pawns in internal power struggles and political agendas, rather than being allowed to lead development.
Loss of Dignity and Identity
Alienation of Stakeholders: The administration is seen as detached from its fanbase and the grassroots of the sport.
Fear of Authority: Commentators have noted that, occasionally, players and officials act with a “colonial mentality,” failing to stand up for their rights or professional dignity in the international arena.
The Need for Reform
“Bitter Pill” Requirement: Critics argue that SLC needs an aggressive, independent restructuring to move away from cronyism and toward professional governance.
Succession Planning: The lack of a proper, professional succession model has resulted in a leadership vacuum following the retirement of legendary players.
The core of this debate centers on whether the administrative leadership acts with independence and professional fortitude or if it serves external, political, or personal agendas.
https://share.google/aimode/T8YMWTZWaKCQrOB4j
………………………………………………………………………………………………….
The term “slave mindset” in the context of Sri Lanka Cricket (SLC) is frequently used by critics, former players, and fans to describe a perceived culture of
subservience, lack of independent thinking, and an inferiority complex within the national team and its administration.
This critique typically centers on three main areas:
argue that modern players have developed an “inferiority complex,” becoming easily swayed by the allure of money, social media fame, and luxury over the integrity of the game.
Prioritizing T20 Leagues: Some players are accused of favoring lucrative T20 leagues (like the IPL) over Test cricket, which is seen as a shift from playing for national honor to serving commercial “bosses”.
Lack of Mental Resilience: The team is often criticized for “panicking” under pressure, which observers attribute to a lack of mental strength and a “slave-like” reliance on rigid, top-down instructions rather than on-field intelligence.
2. Administrative and Systemic Failures
The “mindset” issue is often blamed on the governing body, Sri Lanka Cricket (SLC), which has faced ongoing allegations of corruption and mismanagement.
Political Interference: The ICC has previously suspended SLC due to “political meddling,” where government intervention replaced the board with interim committees. Critics suggest this creates an environment where players and officials focus on pleasing political masters rather than developing the sport.
Stagnant Leadership: Long-tenured officials are blamed for a “leadership deficit” that fails to evolve with modern international standards, keeping the system in a state of perpetual crisis.
3. Coaching and Discipline
The coaching environment has been described as “autocratic” or “controlling,” which can suppress player autonomy.
Rigid Tactics: A “win-at-all-costs” mentality or highly demanding coaching styles can lead to players being more focused on pleasing the coach than playing instinctively, causing high levels of stress and “competitive anxiety”.
Discipline Issues: Reports of players engaging in all-night parties before crucial matches suggest a lack of professional discipline, further fueling claims that the team lacks the “brains” or “shame” to represent the nation with dignity.
The prolonged 30-year armed conflict in Sri Lanka has left many military veterans and former members of the LTTE grappling with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Many individuals suffering from PTSD remain undiagnosed and without treatment. The individuals affected by the conflict carry deep psychological wounds and haunting memories of war-related violence. There is a tendency for these PTSD victims to engage in violent acts.
Police reports suggest that former soldiers and some ex-members of the LTTE are involved in criminal activities and exhibit social aggression. The involvement of former military personnel, especially deserters, in criminal activities poses a considerable security threat. Authorities have observed that individuals with military training who exit the armed forces are often targeted by organized crime groups for participation in serious offences. A notable number of these individuals engage in drug-related crimes, further complicating the nation’s security landscape.
As of April 2025, Sri Lankan authorities report the arrest of approximately 1,700 individuals who deserted the military and became involved in organized crime (Balasuriya, 2025). A significant number of these individuals are likely suffering from combat-related PTSD. The increase in violent behaviour and criminal activities among former combatants presents a serious threat to civil society. Therefore, it is crucial to take immediate measures to mitigate the violence and criminality linked to these ex-combatants.
Research has consistently demonstrated a significant link between Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and aggressive behaviour (Blakey et al.,2018). According to Orth & Wieland (2006), individuals suffering from PTSD often experience heightened emotional responses, which can manifest as irritability, anger, and impulsive actions. The stress and anxiety associated with PTSD can exacerbate feelings of frustration and helplessness, further contributing to aggressive outbursts (Saffari et al., 2021).
According to Taylor and team (2020), combat veterans with PTSD face a roughly 60% higher risk of justice-system involvement. Soldiers experiencing combat trauma often face significant challenges in adjusting to civilian life. The shift from a highly structured military setting to the unpredictability of civilian life can foster feelings of isolation and disillusionment. The psychological wounds inflicted by their experiences can hinder their ability to function effectively within society. Moreover, the lack of sufficient support systems and rehabilitation programs intensifies these difficulties, sometimes driving individuals toward illicit activities as a means of coping and survival.
Research has shown that military veterans of the Vietnam War often experienced post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which contributed to their involvement in violent and criminal behaviors (Beckham et al.,1997). One alarming case study is that of Andrew Brannan, a highly decorated Vietnam veteran who received the Bronze Star. He struggled with combat-related PTSD and was charged with the murder of a police officer in 1998. Ultimately, Brannan was executed in 2015 for his crime.
Some Soviet veterans who served in Afghanistan and experienced Afghan Syndrome, a form of PTSD, upon their return to the Soviet Union, found themselves drawn into organized crime and criminal gangs. This transition was often a response to the psychological trauma they faced, as they struggled to reintegrate into society and cope with their experiences (Schuck, 2020).
Valery Radshchikov, a former Soviet veteran of the Afghan War, was a highly decorated paratrooper who tragically lost both legs in a landmine explosion during the conflict. After returning to the Soviet Union, he became involved in criminal activities, ultimately leading a gang that orchestrated a remote-controlled bombing at the Kotlyakovskoye Cemetery in Moscow on November 10, 1996, resulting in the deaths of 14 individuals.
According to Elbogen and colleagues (2010) Some U.S. soldiers who served in Iraq and Afghanistan have experienced post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which has led to their involvement in violent crimes. A particularly harrowing case is that of Staff Sergeant Robert Bales, who, after being diagnosed with PTSD and a traumatic brain injury, perpetrated a horrific act by killing 16 Afghan civilians, including many women and children, while they slept in Kandahar, Afghanistan.
Research indicates that Sri Lankan war veterans suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may exhibit a propensity for violent behavior and criminal activities (Jayatunge, 2013). A specific case example may provide valuable insights into this issue.
Rathnayaka Mudiyanselage Jinadasa, known as Army Jine, was a courageous soldier in the Sri Lanka Commando unit, recognized for his remarkable combat abilities. However, the psychological toll of combat led to significant behavioral issues, resulting in disciplinary charges against him. Subsequently, Jine went absent without leave (AWOL) and engaged in a series of serious crimes, including highway robberies, murders, and rapes, while evading law enforcement by utilizing survival skills he had acquired. Reports indicate that he was responsible for nearly 27 rapes during his time on the run. His criminal activities came to an end in 2003 when he was fatally shot by police. There is substantial evidence suggesting that Army Jine suffered from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) related to his military service.
Research into the factors that lead some war veterans with PTSD to engage in violent and criminal behavior has identified several key theories. One prominent explanation is the impact of trauma on emotional regulation, which can result in heightened aggression and impulsivity (Miles et al., 2015). Additionally, social and environmental influences, such as isolation and lack of support, may exacerbate these tendencies, pushing veterans towards maladaptive coping mechanisms (Elbogen et al., 2014). Furthermore, the interplay between PTSD symptoms, such as hyperarousal and re-experiencing traumatic events, can create a cycle of violence as individuals struggle to manage their distress (Chemtob et al.,1997). Exposure to trauma and its subsequent reenactment can lead military veterans with war-related psychological issues to engage in violent behavior (Van der Kolk, 1989). Understanding these theories is crucial for developing effective interventions and support systems for affected veterans.
Preventing veterans with PTSD from resorting to violent or criminal behavior is a vital concern that necessitates a comprehensive strategy. Tailored treatment and rehabilitation programs are essential to address the specific experiences and challenges these individuals face. This approach should include extensive mental health services that combine medication with proven psychological therapies, such as cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) and exposure therapy, both of which have demonstrated effectiveness in reducing PTSD symptoms (Watkins et al., 2018). Additionally, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) has also proven to be highly effective for veterans suffering from PTSD (Hurley, 2018).
Additionally, integrating support systems that involve family members and peer support groups can foster a sense of community and understanding, which is essential for recovery (Hundt et al.,2015). Furthermore, vocational training and employment assistance can provide veterans with a sense of purpose and stability, reducing the likelihood of resorting to negative coping mechanisms Davis (et al.,2018). It is also vital to ensure that these programs are accessible and culturally competent, recognizing the diverse backgrounds and needs of veterans. By implementing a holistic approach that combines psychological support, social reintegration, and practical skills development, we can significantly improve the outcomes for veterans struggling with PTSD and help them lead fulfilling lives free from violence and criminal behaviour.
Beckham, J. C., Feldman, M. E., Kirby, A. C., Hertzberg, M. A., & Moore, S. D. (1997). Interpersonal violence and its correlates in Vietnam veterans with chronic posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 53(7), 659–669.
Blakey, S. M., Love, H., Lindquist, L., Beckham, J. C., & Elbogen, E. B. (2018). Disentangling the link between posttraumatic stress disorder and violent behavior: Findings from a nationally representative sample. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 86(2), 169–178. https://doi.org/10.1037/ccp0000253.
Davis, L. L., Leon, A. C., Vogel-Scibilia, S., Resnick, S. G., Kurz, C. P., & Drake, R. E. (2018). Effect of evidence-based supported employment vs transitional work on outcomes for veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder: A randomized clinical trial. JAMA Psychiatry, 75(4), 316–324. doi.org.
Chemtob, C. M., Novaco, R. W., Hamada, R. S., Gross, D. M., & Smith, G. (1997). Anger, hostility, and aggression in combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder: Dynamics and interventions. In A. J. Marsella, M. J. Friedman, E. T. Gerrity, & R. M. Scurfield (Eds.), Ethnocultural aspects of posttraumatic stress disorder: Issues, research, and clinical applications (pp. 319–347). American Psychological Association. doi.org.
Elbogen, E. B., Johnson, S. C., Wagner, H. R., Newton, V. M., & Beckham, J. C. (2014). Protective factors and risk modification of violence in Iraq and Afghanistan war veterans. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 75(11), e1189–e1196. doi.org.
Elbogen, E. B., Fuller, S., Johnson, S. C., Brooks, S., Kinneer, P., & Moore, S. D. (2010). Improving risk assessment of violence among military veterans: An evidence-based approach for clinical practice. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 71(9), 1154–1160. doi.org.
Hundt, N. E., Robinson, A., Arney, J., Stanley, M. A., & Cully, J. A. (2015). “It made me realize I wasn’t alone”: A qualitative study of peer support for veterans with PTSD. Psychological Services, 12(4), 430–438. doi.org
Hurley, E. C. (2018). Effective treatment of veterans with PTSD: Comparison between intensive daily and weekly EMDR approaches. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 1458. doi.org.
Jayatunge, R. M. (2013). Shell shock to Palali syndrome: PTSD Sri Lankan experience. Sarasavi Publishers.
Miles, S. R., Menefee, D. S., Wanner, J., Thompson, K. E., & Young-Xu, Y. (2015). The relationship between emotion dysregulation and impulsive aggression in a military veteran sample. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 30, 139–144. doi.org.
Orth, U., & Wieland, E. (2006). Anger, hostility, and posttraumatic stress disorder in trauma-exposed adults: A meta-analysis. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 74(4), 698–706. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.74.4.698.
Saffari, M., Lin, C.-Y., Koenig, H. G., O’Garo, K.-G. N., Broström, A., & Pakpour, A. H. (2021). Mediating role of anxiety and depression in the relationship between PTSD and aggression. Journal of Loss and Trauma, 26(1), 74–91. doi.org.
Schuck, E. (2020). Combat Brotherhood: Disabled Soviet-Afghan War Veterans, Traumatic Masculinity and the Mafia State (Doctoral dissertation). This work specifically examines how traumatized veterans became the foundation for criminal organizations in the 1990s.
Taylor, E. N., Timko, C., Nash, A., Owens, M. D., Harris, A. H., & Finlay, A. K. (2020). Posttraumatic stress disorder and justice involvement among military veterans: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 33(5), 804–812. doi.org.
Van der Kolk, B. A. (1989). The compulsion to repeat the trauma: Re-enactment, revictimization, and masochism. Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 12(2), 389–411. Watkins, L. E., Sprang, K. R., & Rothbaum, B. O. (2018). Posttraumatic stress disorder: Review of evidence-based treatment protocols. Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics, 18(10), 767–780. doi.org
Comments Off on The Impact of Combat Trauma on Violence and Criminal Behaviour
A discussion on expanding foreign employment opportunities for retiring Sri Lanka Navy (SLN) personnel in the shipping and marine sector was held today (30 Mar), co-chaired by the Deputy Minister of Defence Major General Aruna Jayasekara (Retd) and Deputy Minister of Ports & Civil Aviation, Hon. Janitha Ruwan Kodithuwakku at the office of the Deputy Minister of Defence in Colombo.
The discussion focused on the lack of internationally recognized professional qualification certificates required for employment in the global maritime industry and the need to establish a mechanism to help retiring naval personnel obtain such qualifications.
Attention was drawn to the large number of highly trained and efficient personnel leaving the Navy each year with valuable technical expertise and experience. The participants emphasized the importance of utilizing this expertise to improve their employability in the international shipping and marine sector.
It was further noted that creating more foreign employment opportunities for these personnel would help generate valuable foreign revenue for the country in line with the Government’s policy. The need for a local mechanism to assist these retiring naval personnel to obtain internationally accepted competency qualifications was also discussed.
The meeting was also attended by the Commander of the Navy, the Additional Secretary of Defence, and the Director General of Merchant Shipping (DGMS), together with senior officials from the SLN, the Ministry of Defence (MOD), and the Merchant Shipping Secretariat (MSS).
Comments Off on Deputy Minister Co-Chairs Meeting to Discuss Foreign Employment Opportunities for Retiring Naval Personnel
The claim that Senaka Weeraratna , a Sri Lankan lawyer, is the original architect of the Decision Review System (DRS) centers on his 1997 proposal for a “Player-Referral” system. While this concept is now a cornerstone of international cricket, both the International Cricket Council (ICC) and Sri Lanka Cricket (SLC) have faced significant criticism from Weeraratna and his supporters for failing to formally acknowledge his role.
The Basis of the Claim
Original Proposal (1997): Weeraratna first published his idea in a letter to The Australian on March 25, 1997. He proposed that players should have the right to challenge an umpire’s decision, which would then be reviewed by a third umpire using video technology.
Core Elements: His original plan included the four pillars of modern DRS:
Allowing players to challenge decisions.
Routing appeals through the captain or dismissed batsman.
Review by a third umpire.
Limiting the number of unsuccessful appeals per innings.
Global Publication: Between 1997 and 1999, his concept was featured in major international outlets, including The Times of London, Dawn (Pakistan), and Time Magazine.
The Dispute with the ICC
Independent Development Claim: The ICC asserts that its committees reached the concept independently and were unaware of Weeraratna’s publications.
Legal Arguments: Supporters argue the ICC is bound by the Doctrine of Constructive Notice, meaning they should be legally presumed to have known about the concept due to its extensive media coverage years before the ICC adopted the system in 2008-2009.
Lack of Named Inventor: Unlike the Duckworth-Lewis-Stern (DLS) method, the DRS has no officially recognized individual inventor, which critics view as a deliberate omission.
Role of Sri Lanka Cricket (SLC)
Allegations of Inaction: Critics and Weeraratna himself have accused Sri Lanka Cricket and the Sri Lankan government of a “laid-back attitude” and failing to vigorously champion the claim at the ICC level.
Past Efforts: In August 2008, SLC did make a formal submission to the ICC on Weeraratna’s behalf, providing a folder of his published contributions, but the ICC proceeded with trials without granting him credit. An Appointment was made in 2008 by SLC for Weeraratna to meet David Richardson (CEO of ICC) in Colombo when he was visiting Sri Lanka. Having agreed to meet Weeraratna, Richardson reneged on his promise and left the country (Sri Lanka) on the night before the day of the appointment. No follow up. No apologies for being in breach of a promise made to both SLC and Senaka Weeraratna. Lack of sensitivity to people of colour is a standard behaviour in South Africa, the home country of David Richardson.
Internal Criticism: Some observers such as Shenali Waduge suggest that “jealousy” or “spite” within local administration may have hindered more forceful advocacy for this national intellectual achievement.
Wider Impact
Beyond cricket, Weeraratna’s supporters claim his “Player Referral” concept served as the fundamental blueprint for technology-based review systems in other major sports, such as VAR in soccer and Hawk-Eye challenges in tennis.
Evidence suggests that the Decision Review System (DRS) has strong roots in a “Player-Referral” concept proposed by Sri Lankan lawyer Senaka Weeraratna in 1997, yet the ICC has not officially acknowledged him, nor has Sri Lanka Cricket (SLC) strongly campaigned for this recognition
.
Key Aspects of the DRS Credit Controversy:
Original Proposal: Weeraratna proposed the “Player Referral” concept—allowing players to challenge on-field umpire decisions—in a letter to The Australian on March 25, 1997, nine years before the ICC’s 2006 adoption of the system.
Evidence of Authorship: Weeraratna argues that the fundamental elements of the DRS (now in use globally) are adapted from his published ideas, which were circulated internationally.
ICC’s Stance: The ICC has denied knowledge of the 1997 proposal and maintained that its committees independently developed the DRS, a position that supporters say ignores the legal “Doctrine of Constructive Notice” given the extensive media coverage at the time.
Missed Recognition: Unlike the Duckworth-Lewis method, which is named after its creators, the DRS does not credit its original author, leading to allegations of “bullying tactics” by the ICC to avoid acknowledging a Sri Lankan inventor.
SLC’s Role and Alleged Inaction:
Lack of Proactive Support: Critics argue that SLC has often been “neutral or indifferent” to the issue, despite Weeraratna providing evidence to the board.
Initial Action Followed by Lull: While SLC did make a submission to the ICC on behalf of Weeraratna in August 2008, subsequent follow-up has been described as weak.
Political Factors: Some observers allege that former SLC officials “shied away” from pushing the case to avoid damaging their personal relationships or securing “perks” from the ICC.
The Struggle for Credit:
“WDRS” Proposal: Supporters suggest renaming the system the “Weeraratna Decision Review System” (WDRS) to ensure recognition.
Call for Government Action: Advocates have urged the Sri Lankan Sports Ministry to force SLC to actively pursue this matter, arguing it is a significant intellectual achievement for the country.
Legal Action: Legal teams have been instructed to pursue formal acknowledgement of authorship.
Comments Off on Beware of circles within ICC that are determined to deny any form of credit to Sri Lanka for its role in formulation of DRS via Player – Referral, and the subversive role of SLC in preventing credit to Sri Lanka on DRS
The US-Israel war against Iran is already being felt far beyond the region. In both the West and the East, the effects are showing up in everyday life – most immediately in our wallets, as rising oil and gas prices push up fuel and energy bills.
For more than two decades, Hazrat Mirza Masroor Ahmad (may Allah be his Helper) ), the current Caliph of the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community, warned of the growing risk of a global war – often dismissed as pessimistic. Today, however, talk of World War Three” is no longer fringe; it is becoming part of mainstream political discourse.
Alongside this, he consistently emphasised a crucial point: that even smaller, regional conflicts would not remain contained but would have far wider consequences in an interconnected global village”.
That warning went largely unheeded and is now playing out in real time, as the effects of the US-Israel war against Iran are being felt far beyond the region.
Thirteen years ago, in the Houses of Parliament, London, His Holiness (aa) warned:
The world has become a global village and so a lack of mutual respect and a failure to join together to promote peace will not only harm the local area, city or country but in fact will ultimately lead to the destruction of the entire world.” (World Crisis and The Pathway To Peace, 2017, p. 149)
He said: […] it is essential that they always keep in mind the critical point that it is from local wars that devastation and destruction spreads far and wide.” (Ibid., p. 162)
His Holiness had stressed that in an interconnected world, distance offers no protection. Conflict in one region inevitably spreads until its effects are felt far beyond its origin.
Speaking on modern warfare in 2015 in Tokyo, Japan, he said:
Conflicts in one part of the world do not remain limited or local, rather their effects and consequences spread much further afield. […] In the olden days, it was possible for a war to remain confined to those who were directly involved, but now the consequences of each conflict and each war are truly global. In fact, for many years I have been warning that the world should realise that the effects of a war in one region can and will affect the peace and harmony of other parts of the world.” (Ibid., p. 191)
Events have followed that exact pattern.
Within days of the US-Israel attacks on Iran, Iran moved to restrict the Strait of Hormuz – a global chokepoint through which roughly a fifth of the world’s oil and gas passes; disrupting around 20% of global energy flows.
As a result, petrol and diesel prices rose sharply. According to the IMF, oil prices have jumped by more than 50%, climbing above $100 per barrel amid the disruption.
13th FEBRUARY, 2024 You may find below a rendition of the speech was delivered at a seminar hosted by the Immigration Practitioners Association, focusing on the complex nature of immigration law and practice, with a special emphasis on Sri Lanka’s context. The speaker highlighted the significant emigration trends from Sri Lanka, mainly driven by employment opportunities abroad, particularly in the Middle East, and the diverse reasons people leave, including education and family reunification, mainly towards Western countries. The speech detailed the intricacies of visa processes and the challenges faced by Sri Lankans, such as dealing with the discretion of embassy officers in visa approvals and navigating complex legal frameworks. The UK’s advanced and regularly updated immigration system was discussed as a model, noting the discretionary powers of immigration officers and the legal challenges applicants might face, with immigration tribunals serving as the adjudicatory bodies. The speaker pointed out the structured application processes within Sri Lankan embassies, especially in the UK, and the efforts to combat the exploitation by illegal immigration advisors. The mission of the IPA was emphasized as crucial in safeguarding rights, streamlining practices, and educating the public and immigrants to prevent exploitation. The speech also stressed the importance of understanding the financial independence required by prospective immigrants, particularly in the context of the UK, and the role of immigration advisors in guiding individuals through the legal complexities. The commitment of the IPA to continue providing educational seminars on immigration topics was highlighted as a key aspect of its mission to ensure practitioners and immigrants are well-informed and supported throughout their immigration journey. The eminent panel of speakers included: Mr. Sarath Wijesinghe President’s Counsel, Former Ambassador to UAE & Israel, Solicitor in England & Wales Mr. Godfrey Cooray Former Ambassador to Norway, Finland and Iceland, Former Board member of the panel of immigration in USA and Italy, Attorney-at-Law Mr. Daminda Goonetillake Solicitor in England & Wales, Attorney-at-Law, Immigration Law Specialist Mr. Chrishmal Warnasuriya Counsel to the International Criminal Court, Expert on Overseas Law, Attorney-at-Law Dr. Rachitha Buddhika Chairman of Surado Campus, President of the Lanka Professional Caregivers’ Association Mrs. Deepa Adikari Director of the London and Oxford Education Group & The London College of Media, Immigration Consultant The event was aimed at demystifying the complex landscape of immigration for individuals seeking to embark on a journey to new lands for various purposes including work, education, and family reunification. Through a series of informative speeches and discussions, participants were offered a comprehensive insight into the multifaceted aspects of immigration, including policies, procedures, and the practical challenges faced by immigrants. The seminar also addressed the specific needs and questions related to Sri Lanka’s immigration policies, offering guidance to both local participants and foreign attendees through a detailed exploration of visa categories, entry requirements, residency processes, investment opportunities, and the support services available for navigating the immigration system. Special attention was given to the plight of asylum seekers and refugees, as well as the strategies for those planning to leave Sri Lanka for business or caregiving roles abroad. The IPA’s commitment to safeguarding rights, enhancing professional standards, and creating an informed community through education and access to legal expertise stands as a testament to the power of collective effort and dedication in making the journey of immigration a fair, dignified, and hopeful experience for all. This seminar not only served as a platform for knowledge exchange but also as guidance for practitioners, immigrants, and the broader community, paving the way for a future where immigration is embraced with integrity and commitment to justice. Speech delivered by President’s Counsel Sarath Wijesinghe Ladies and gentlemen, I stand before you today at this seminar conducted by the Immigration Practitioners Association (IPA), where our focus is on the intricate web of immigration law and practice, particularly in the context of Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka, a nation of resilience and diversity, has witnessed a significant trend in emigration for various reasons. The primary driver is employment, with a staggering 10% of our population seeking opportunities abroad. This diaspora predominantly engages in unskilled, semi-skilled, or skilled labor positions, predominantly concentrated in the Middle East. The visa processes for employment abroad, while not overly complicated, often find facilitation through the cooperation of employers. However, our emigration story goes beyond employment seekers. We witness a steady flow of visitors, students, and families, all with unique aspirations and dreams tied to different corners of the world, particularly in the West. The pursuit of education, better employment prospects, and the desire for a new life weave the tapestry of these journeys. When we speak of visitors, we must understand that the definition goes beyond a mere physical presence in a foreign land. A visitor, in the context of immigration, is someone who resides out of their home country for 24 hours or more, often driven by purposes such as education, employment, or medical reasons. Yet, we must acknowledge the nuances of international relations and security concerns that can make visiting certain countries, such as the United States, a challenging endeavor. The approval of visas is placed at the discretion of embassy officers, individuals who hold the final authority in determining who can enter a particular country. Visitors, therefore, must navigate through a complex set of rules and regulations, ensuring compliance with the laws of the respective nation. As we go through the complex terrain of immigration, it’s crucial to understand the foundations upon which visa regulations are built. These regulations are typically formulated through acts and subsidiary legislation, often mirroring models set by countries like the United Kingdom, albeit with some modifications. Let us take a closer look at the UK, a pioneer in shaping immigration rules that are not only advanced and sophisticated but are also subject to regular updates. The cornerstone of the UK’s immigration framework lies in the UK Citizenship Act and subsidiary legislation. This legal infrastructure serves as a comprehensive guide, establishing the parameters that govern the entry and residence of individuals in the country. One distinguishing feature of the UK’s immigration system is the significant discretionary powers vested in immigration officers. These officers play a pivotal role in determining the fate of visa applications, exercising their judgment based on a multitude of factors. This discretionary authority, while essential for managing the complexities of immigration, also poses challenges and complexities for applicants. Legal challenges to immigration decisions in the UK can only be pursued through a specific avenue – the immigration tribunals. These tribunals, serving as the ultimate adjudicators, become the arena where individuals can contest decisions made by immigration officers. This process ensures a legal pathway for applicants who believe their cases merit further review and consideration. In essence, the UK’s immigration system is not only robust but also nuanced, reflecting the evolving nature of global migration. Today, as we explore the intricacies of immigration practice, let us keep in mind the dynamic legal framework that governs the UK’s immigration rules, acknowledging both its strengths and challenges. As we broaden our understanding of immigration practices, it’s crucial to shine a light on the application processes, particularly within the context of Sri Lankan embassies, notably those in the UK and other Western countries. These embassies play a pivotal role in managing the inflow of applications, and it’s noteworthy to recognize the efforts made to regularize these processes. In Sri Lankan embassies, especially in key locations like the UK, a structured application process is in place. What sets this apart is the delegation of certain tasks to specific companies, introducing a level of efficiency and specialization. For instance, when it comes to UK visa applications, the process is streamlined, often involving online platforms. Skilled immigration officers, stationed in Sri Lanka, oversee and guide the application procedures, ensuring a standardized and organized approach. However, even within this regulated system, challenges persist. The significant outflux of immigrants has created a breeding ground for illegal immigration advisors who exploit the vulnerabilities of those seeking to migrate. Tragically, many fall victim to these unscrupulous individuals, often charged exorbitant fees for visa applications. This exploitative practice can lead to devastating consequences, with families and individuals finding themselves stranded in the UK, facing uncertainty and hardship. As we discuss immigration practices, let us not only acknowledge the strides made in formalizing application processes but also confront the harsh realities of illegal immigration advisors preying on the aspirations of those seeking a better life. It is imperative that we work collectively to address these challenges, ensuring that the path to immigration remains fair, transparent, and just for all. Allow me to shed light on the mission of the Immigration Practitioners Association (IPA), an organization dedicated to safeguarding the rights of innocent civilians, streamlining immigration practices, and fostering public and immigrant education. The IPA stands as a bulwark against potential exploitation, working tirelessly to provide protection to both prospective immigrants and consultants alike. In a world where the pursuit of a better life often leads individuals to navigate complex immigration systems, the IPA stands as a beacon of support. By advocating for the regularization of immigration practices, the association seeks to create an environment where fairness, transparency, and justice prevail. This commitment extends beyond borders, aiming to uphold the rights and dignity of individuals embarking on their journey towards a new life. One significant aspect of the IPA’s efforts lies in its dedication to educating both the public and immigrants. Knowledge is a powerful tool, and by imparting information on immigration rules, procedures, and potential pitfalls, the IPA empowers individuals to make informed decisions. This educational initiative not only benefits those seeking to migrate but also contributes to the overall understanding of immigration dynamics within the broader community. It is essential to highlight that Sri Lanka’s immigration systems align closely with the rules and procedures of the United Kingdom, with a specific emphasis on visitor visas, especially for those aspiring to visit the UK. This alignment reflects a strategic approach to immigration, drawing from the experiences and expertise of a nation known for its well-established immigration practices. In the pursuit of a new life on foreign soil, prospective immigrants face a myriad of challenges. It is essential, therefore, to equip ourselves with knowledge that will empower us to navigate the complexities of immigration. As aspiring immigrants, familiarity with immigration advisors, an understanding of potential questions from immigration officers, and a clear demonstration of the purpose of our visit become paramount. Immigration advisors play a crucial role in this journey, offering guidance and support. It is crucial to choose advisors wisely, ensuring they are reputable, ethical, and well-versed in the intricacies of immigration law. By doing so, we not only safeguard our interests but also enhance our chances of a successful immigration process. When engaging with immigration officers, a key aspect to anticipate is a series of questions probing the intent and purpose of our visit. Whether it be for educational pursuits, reuniting with family, or medical reasons, articulating the purpose clearly and truthfully is vital. Honesty and clarity in our responses contribute to building trust with immigration authorities, fostering a smoother and more transparent process. Moreover, one critical criterion emphasized by immigration officers, particularly in the United Kingdom, is the ability to maintain oneself without recourse to public funds. This aspect underscores the importance of financial independence during one’s stay. Prospective immigrants must be prepared to demonstrate their financial stability and commitment to supporting themselves, a factor that significantly influences the outcome of the immigration process. By being informed, prepared, and conscientious, we pave the way for a more secure and prosperous future. In our journey through the landscape of immigration, it becomes imperative to grasp the significance of public funds as well. These encompass social security, medical benefits, and various other forms of assistance available to citizens of the United Kingdom. As prospective immigrants, understanding our responsibilities in relation to public funds is crucial for a successful and ethical integration into a new society. Public funds are resources allocated to support citizens in times of need. As immigrants, it is essential to be aware that access to these funds may be restricted, and our ability to maintain financial independence becomes pivotal. By comprehending these intricacies, we not only adhere to the regulations set forth but also contribute to a sustainable and responsible approach to immigration. In this complex landscape, the role of immigration advisors is paramount. They are the navigators of this intricate journey, guiding and supporting individuals through the labyrinth of rules and regulations. It is imperative that these advisors embody qualities of honesty, dedication, and competence. Transparency in their dealings ensures that prospective immigrants are well-informed, enabling them to make decisions that align with their aspirations and the legal requirements of their chosen destination. As I conclude this speech, it is essential to provide a concise overview of the Immigration Practitioners Association’s (IPA) obligations and its commitment to fostering knowledge through future seminars on various immigration topics. The IPA’s mission is to educate and guide practitioners, instilling credibility through vigilant monitoring by a governing body of experts. By adhering to high standards, the IPA not only ensures the professional growth of practitioners but also contributes to the overall integrity of the immigration advisory profession. A notable advantage for students and immigrants associated with the IPA is the direct access to UK solicitors. This access is a valuable resource, providing expert advice and assistance in addressing challenges such as visa refusals. This direct link to legal professionals enhances the support network available to individuals navigating the complexities of the immigration process. The IPA, driven by a steadfast dedication to its mission, assumes significant responsibilities in the realm of immigration. Its primary obligations include safeguarding the rights and interests of innocent civilians, advocating for fair and transparent immigration practices, and educating both the public and immigrants on the intricacies of the immigration landscape. Looking ahead, the IPA reaffirms its commitment to being a beacon of guidance and support for practitioners and individuals navigating the complexities of immigration. Through future seminars, the IPA will continue to provide a platform for in-depth discussions on a myriad of immigration topics. These seminars and workshops will serve as valuable forums where practitioners, immigrants, and the general public can expand their understanding, exchange insights, and stay abreast of the latest developments in immigration law and practice. In essence, the IPA’s commitment is not confined to the present moment but extends into the future, ensuring a continuous flow of advice, information, and education. By staying true to its obligations and fostering an environment of knowledge-sharing, the IPA plays a vital role in shaping a responsible and informed approach to immigration. As we move forward, let us carry with us the insights shared today – from understanding the dynamics of immigration law to the importance of responsible financial stewardship. Let us champion a culture where immigration advisors embody qualities of honesty, dedication, and competence, ensuring the smooth navigation of individuals on their journey to new horizons. Thank you for your attention, and may the knowledge gained today serve as a compass guiding us towards a more informed and compassionate approach to immigration.
Comments Off on IMMIGRATION PRACTITIONERS ASSOCIATION SEMINAR: IMMIGRATION OPPORTUNITIES TO THE UK AND BEYOND
An allied diplomat at the United Nations resigned from his positions on Friday and levelled allegations against the international body, claiming that it was preparing for a scenario of possible nuclear weapon use”.
Mohamad Safa alleged that he received criticism when he expressed his concerns and different perspective after October 2023.
Featured Image: Mohamad Safa announced his resignation through a post on X accompanied by a letter detailing his reasoning behind the decision. (X/@mhdksafa)
Mohamad Safa was the main representative of Patriotic Vision or PVA at the United Nations. PVA is an international organisation with special consultative status at the United Nations Economic and Social Council.
According to the UN environment programme ‘Champions of the Earth’, Safa served as executive director at Patriotic Vision Organization (PVA) since 2013 and in 2016, PVA nominated him to become its Permanent Representative to the United Nations.
Safa announced his resignation through a post on X accompanied by a letter detailing his reasoning behind the decision. He said that he took the decision after much reflection” and claimed that some seniors at the UN were serving a powerful lobby”.
I have decided to suspend all my duties as PVA Main Representative at the UN and from all UN committees/groups of which I am a member,” Safa wrote in the post.
I cannot in good conscience be part of or witness to what is happening at a time when the UN is preparing for possible nuclear weapon use. It has been an honor cooperating with the UN for nearly 12 years under different Secretaries-General and Human Rights Council Presidents, leading PVA delegation,” he added.
Facing criticism since October 2023
In his letter, Safa said that he wanted to resign in 2023 as well, and had been patient for three years.
Mentioning several conflicts across the world, Safa said that some officials at the United Nations do not want to accuse Israel and the United States of violation of the international law.
He said that the top UN officials refuse to describe what is happening in Gaza as genocide, what is happening in Lebanon as war crimes and ethnic cleansing, that the war on Iran is illegal under international law, that Iran posed no imminent threat to world peace”.
…and clearly they do not want to accuse Israel and the United States of violating international law and committing war crimes effectively shielding decision-makers from such designation-all due to pressure from powerful lobby,” he added.
Safa alleged that he received criticism when he expressed his concerns and different perspective after October 2023, when Hamas attacked Israel which led to a war that went on for over two years.
After that date, and after that same lobby imposed a new world order, which all started in Gaza, and as I expressed my concerns and offered a differing perspective, I found myself facing a range of criticisms and allegations,” he said.
‘Received death threats, abandoned’
Safa alleged that he was abandoned by the United Nations and that he received death threats for him and his family. He also claimed being censored at the UN, not by the body itself but by some senior officials who he said abuse their power to serve that lobby”.
Safa did not name any officials in his letter.
The envoy even alleged that these seniors backed a misinformation campaign that claimed that Iran posed a nuclear threat and sowed a pro-war sentiment to encourage war against the Islamic Republic.
Early this year, senior officials and influential diplomats, supported by global media and social media algorithms, deployed a misinformation campaign claiming an Iran nuclear threat and sowed pro-war sentiments to encourage a war with Iran but throughout the region, further their own agenda,” Safa wrote in his letter.
This lobby was used to deceive you into believing that Iran posed an imminent threat to world peace. This was a lie and is the same tactic used to commit genocide in Gaza and the same tactic is being used now to ethnic cleansing and the occupation of Lebanon. The UN cannot make this mistake again. Until the reform process outlined by the UN Secretary-General is meaningfully implemented, I regret that I must suspend all my duties,” he added.
Amid worsening shortages, rationing has intensified, protests have erupted in cities like Khomam, and the overall social climate has grown increasingly volatile
i24NEWS
Thunderstorms ALAIN JOCARD (AFP/Archives)
An Iranian water resources specialist has accused the United States and Israel of manipulating regional weather patterns to intensify Iran’s severe drought.
According to the Middle East Media Research Institute (MEMRI), Mohsen Arbabian claimed in a July 30 interview on the Iranian YouTube channel Khateh Energy that both nations have been “deliberately diverting clouds” away from Iran for over four decades.
I say this with certainty,” Arbabian stated, alleging that satellite imagery shows altered cloud trajectories. He contrasted the low water levels of Iran’s Lake Urmia now nearly dry with the relatively stable levels of Turkey’s Lake Van as supposed evidence of this manipulation.
The controversial claims come as Iran grapples with one of the most extreme droughts in its modern history.
Over the past five years, rainfall has dropped by more than 40% in some regions, leaving water reserves dangerously low. At the start of 2025, Tehran’s main reservoir was operating at just 1% capacity, while others were between 30% and 60%.
With temperatures soaring above 50°C, the government declared emergency public holidays in multiple provinces to conserve electricity and water. President Masoud Pezeshkian warned that without significant cuts in consumption, key dams could dry up entirely by early autumn.
Amid worsening shortages, rationing has intensified, protests have erupted in cities like Khomam, and the overall social climate has grown increasingly volatile.
Comments Off on Weather manipulation to deepen drought– Iranian expert accuses US, Israel
The reply of the South African lawyer David Becker ( Head of Legal, ICC) to Senaka Weeraratna in May 2010 on the question of the intellectual property rights over his brainchild ‘Player Referral’ which was rebranded by the ICC as the UDRS (Umpire Decision Review System), was dismissive, disrespectful and patently wrong in the interpretation of law. The legal doctrine of Constructive Notice was overlooked in Becker’s response. Constructive Notice acts as a legal presumption that a person has received notice, even if they actually have not, provided the information is public or easily accessible. Furthermore Becker’s reply was legalistic when the context demanded equity, fair play and simple Justice.
” This was the first occasion in world history that a case was made (in 1997), using the analogy of the appellate function of the legal system, to press home the point that we needed to adopt it on the playing field in a modified form in combination with modern technology, i.e. video play back in the hands of Third Umpire, to determine the accuracy of a decision made by an on field or ground umpire by way of a Review System.”
The reply from David Becker , then-Head of Legal for the International Cricket Council (ICC), to
Senaka Weeraratna on May 9, 2010, is a central point of contention regarding the origins of the Decision Review System (DRS).
The ICC’s Position
Becker’s response fundamentally denied Weeraratna’s claim to the “Player Referral” concept based on several legalistic arguments:
Waiver of Confidentiality: Becker argued that by publishing his idea openly in newspapers and journals between 1997 and 1999, Weeraratna had “waived his right to confidentiality” and effectively placed the idea in the public domain without securing a patent.
Lack of Prior Knowledge: Becker stated that the ICC Cricket Committee members who eventually developed the UDRS in 2006 were “not, and are not, even aware of who you are”. He claimed their deliberations did not involve any information originating from Weeraratna.
Requirement for Formal Registration: The ICC maintained that if Weeraratna sought ownership, he should have “registered a relevant patent” rather than addressing the public through mainstream media.
Overlooked Legal and Moral Arguments
Critics argue that Becker’s interpretation disregarded key legal and ethical principles:
Constructive Notice: Critics argue that widespread, prior publicity of the “Player Referral” concept in major media outlets means the ICC is legally presumed to have known of it, a concept detailed in discussions of the case, such as this Lankaweb article.
Professional Responsibility: It is argued that a committee reviewing technical improvements to the game has a duty to be aware of existing public discourse, making the claim of ignorance implausible.
Moral Rights and Attribution: Supporters assert Weeraratna holds moral and economic rights, arguing that the ICC failed to attribute the core “Player Referral” mechanism to its original creator.
Precedent for Recognition: The case of the Duckworth-Lewis-Stern method is often cited as a precedent for properly crediting innovators, suggesting a double standard in the ICC’s action.
………………………………………………………….
Decolonize Cricket: Re-name UDRS as the Weeraratna Rule
The discourse on human rights in Buddhist-majority countries (such as Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Myanmar) often grapples with a distinct, foundational tension: the conflict between modern, anthropocentric human rights frameworks and the traditional Buddhist, ecocentric focus on all sentient beings. While modern human rights focus on the rights of the human species, Buddhist ethics prioritize
ahimsa (non-violence) and compassion toward all life, often viewing humans as merely one part of a wider, interdependent ecosystem rather than its masters.
Fault lines emerge where these worldviews clash:
Ecocentrism vs. Anthropocentrism: Buddhism is not inherently anthropocentric; it places the suffering of humans on an equal footing with the suffering of animals and other beings. This challenges the human-centered nature of the United Nations’ human rights approach, which prioritizes human dignity above the environment or other creatures.
The Predatory Nature of Humanity: Buddhist literature views greed, hatred, and delusion—characteristic of human behavior—as the root cause of both environmental destruction and social crisis. This perspective directly contradicts the Western assumption that human rights exist primarily to protect “human progress,” which is often driven by the very predatory consumption Buddhism warns against.
The Problem of “Rights” vs. “Duties”: Traditional Buddhism emphasizes moral duties, karma, and cosmic law (Dhamma) rather than rights inherently possessed by an individual. The Western concept of the individual as an autonomous entity is considered unnatural or “delusional” in the Buddhist tradition.
Institutionalized Violence vs. Non-Violence: Despite the first of the Five Precepts being non-violence (ahimsa), Buddhist countries have at times experienced high levels of structural and political violence. This reveals a “fault line” between the idealized Buddhist ethos of protecting all living things and the actual political conduct of Buddhist-majority societies.
The Definition of “Being”: While modern rights organizations often limit “beings” to visible animals, Buddhism extends ethical concern to all living creatures, including those invisible, small, or “trembling” in the world, leading to a much broader, more challenging definition of rights holders.
The “Middle Way” Solution: To bridge these fault lines, some Buddhist scholars suggest that Buddhist ethics can enhance human rights by providing a deeper moral foundation, shifting the focus from simply claiming rights to fulfilling duties toward all living things.
The tension between traditional Buddhist thought and the modern human rights discourse often boils down to
anthropocentrism. While human rights focus exclusively on the dignity and legal protections of one species, Buddhist ethics are rooted in universal compassion (karuna) for all sentient beings.
Here are the primary fault lines:
The “Hierarchy of Life”: Human rights assume humans have a unique, superior status. In Buddhism, while the “precious human rebirth” is valued for its potential for enlightenment, it doesn’t grant a license to exploit. The discourse often feels speciesist to those focused on the interconnectedness of all life.
Rights vs. Duties: Western discourse focuses on what the individual is owed. Buddhist frameworks emphasize moral obligations (dharma). The focus shifts from “my right to consume” to “my duty to not harm,” which naturally extends to animals and the environment.
The “Predatory” Nature: You touched on a key point: Buddhist thought often views human history as a cycle of craving (tanha) and violence. Elevating human desires to “rights” can sometimes be seen as institutionalizing the very greed and aggression that the path seeks to overcome.
Individualism vs. Interdependence: Human rights prioritize the autonomous individual. Buddhism emphasizes dependent origination, suggesting that isolating “human” rights from the health of the entire ecosystem is a philosophical error that leads to ecological ruin.
Essentially, the conflict is between a legal shield for one species and a moral compass for all living things.
Comments Off on What are the fault lines in the Human Rights Discourse which is force fed unequivocally to all and sundry in predominantly Buddhist countries?
Soon after its controversial establishment in 1948, the State of Israel was surrounded by enemies, its Arab neighbours Egypt, Jordan, Syria, and Lebanon, and Iraq. In response, founding prime minister David Ben Gurion conceived and developed a brilliant foreign policy strategy known as the Periphery Doctrine (Torat Haperipheria) to deal with the Arab World’s enmity towards the Jewish State and its resultant isolation. The ingenious Ben Gurion looked beyond the hostile Arab nations, and identified a natural ally in the East, the non-Arab Persia (an ancient empire now called Iran). The Jews and Persians (modern Iranians) shared a common history of victimhood of foreign invasion and imperial dispossession, something that the Shah also recognised. The fledgling Israel and the ancient Persia formed a strategic tripartite alliance with the United States, a strategy that became a masterclass in power, serving as a protective wall against the Soviet Union. The end of this excellent regional arrangement came with the 1953 coup, which began the currently raging American involvement in West Asia (or the Middle East as it is called from a European perspective).
Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Shah of Iran from 1957 to 1979, became the security guarantor the US needed in the Persian Gulf. They gave him all the weapons he asked for, from F-14 Tomcats to nuclear technology. (These remained in the general Iranian arsenal even after the 1979 Islamic Revolution; but the F-14s were retired in 2006 and replaced due to high maintenance costs, and are no longer in use). Up until 1979, the Shah gave the world stability in return. The quarter century under his rule saw Iran gradually turning into the most Westernized, and powerful nation in West Asia, and Tehran transforming into the most modern metropolis in the region where miniskirts, rock music and high tech industrial gadgets became familiar elements in the daily life of ordinary Iranians. It looked like the projection of a visionary future onto the present. But this happened after an initial lag of ten years of autocratic rule under the Shah from 1953 to 1963.
The Shah at the beginning followed an autocratic mode of government that closely aligned with the US and UK. He formed his secret police and an intelligence service known as the SAVAK, the Persian acronym for the ‘Organization of National Security and Information’. He set up this intelligence unit with American and Israeli assistance aimed at suppressing opposition. The SAVAK started using inhuman methods to tyrannize, torture, and even execute political dissidents.
It was only in 1963 that he launched his ‘White Revolution’, for ushering in Western-modelled secular modernization, characterized by rational, scientific thinking and science and technology based industrialization. This led to a significant diminution of the authority of religious institutions in public life. The process included elements usually associated with Western liberal values such as individual liberties (freedoms of speech, thought,and belief), rule of law and equality, representative democracy, separation of powers to protect the democratic process, human rights and dignity, tolerance and secularism that together create a secular public space, where individual autonomy (i.e., the recognition of the individual as the primary unit of society) can be realised and enjoyed.
Probably, the most conspicuous change effected during the first decade of the Shah’s return was in connection with the emancipation of women from the traditional mysogynistic restrictions that religion imposed on females. Gender equality resulted in their enfranchisement. Not only were they given the right to vote at elections, they were granted the right to take part in active politics, and also the eligibility to join the workforce. Secularization of the state was another revolutionary step towards modernization. The state was separated from religion. Land and private property reforms that replaced the traditional feudal system saw peasants becoming land owners.
The gradually intensifying mullahs’ backlash came in the form of the 1979 Iranian Revolution led by the Shia Muslim cleric Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini. He returned to Iran from a short period of asylum in France on February 1, 1979. Ten days of chaos followed, during which the Shah was overthrown. Ayatollah Khomeini consolidated government authority under his leadership, replacing Reza Pahlavi’s monarchical system with a theocratic system, which seems to be on its last legs today.
In the current wartorn West Asian context, it is not the ethical conduct or the political or the religious convictions or the choices of the ordinary Israeli and Iranian people (whose shared suffering is endless) that form the decisive factor. The common people of both countries are helpless victims of the consequences of the actions of those who rule over them.The actors invariably involved in the evolving, potentially global, conflict situation are the rulers or politicians in general, of the respective nations, and their (the rulers’) rational and magnanimous behaviour is of paramount importance for the survival of the respective nations, and of the entire human civilization itself, for that matter. And this brings us to the crux of the problem!
Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are the three basic Abrahamic faiths, professed respectively by the Israelis, their comrades in arms the Americans, and their common antagonists the Iranians. Among them, they differ in their conception of the one God they claim to believe in as the supreme creator of the universe, who is all powerful and all merciful. Adherents of the three faiths aim to achieve moral righteousness by ‘aligning their life with God’s will, characterized by a commitment to ethical conduct, justice, and compassion’. All three religions uphold the golden rule (as, for example, expressed in the Christian Bible in different places and different words, including ‘And just as you want men to do to you, you also do to them likewise’ in Luke 6:31.) What better ethical foundation for rational thought and magnanimous behaviour can there be? Yet, the totalitarian nature of each of these ‘revealed’ faiths (or creeds/religions/dogmas, etc., created by chosen prophets through divine inspiration, rather than conceptualized by freethinking philosophers through human reason based speculation) makes mutual accommodation among them problematic, as it appears.
As a consequence, there is no agreement about what is rational and magnanimous (Please see above) between these embattled adversaries. Rationality and magnanimity are inevitable casualties of religious bigotry, further vitiated by mundane politics. Actually, it is a political conflict. The morally and materially weaker side uses religious extremism as a weapon. Intense intolerance of beliefs and practices of people of a different religion or of different sects of the same religion or religio-political ideology is a barrier to rational thought as well as meaningful dialogue and prevents generous, forgiving and compassionate behaviour towards fellow humans.
A little clarification before proceeding further: Religion and politics did not just originate simultaneously, they were often fundamentally inseparable, working as a single unified system of social organization in the early history of human civilization. Political power was typically justified through divine authority, with leaders acting as priest kings. (According to the Agganna sutta in Buddhism {agganna literally means ‘knowledge of origins’}, however, organised society emerged not through divine intervention, but through a natural evolutionary process driven by craving, moral decline, and voluntary social agreement that led to the election of a king or ruler, promulgation of laws, and the emergence of the four traditional social orders based on their functions or roles and actions {karma}, rather than on god-given rights.)
Incidentally, the phrase ‘god-given rights’ in the secular US Constitution (ratified in 1788) refers to natural rights inherent to humanity (inviolable rights deemed granted by a higher power); these are the fundamental rights of the freedoms of conscience, religion and life, which cannot be taken away even by the state, and which are protected by the Constitution. But in a bigotted religious environment even these fundamental rights are threatened. That’s why democracy is superior to any theocracy. The UN Charter of Human Rights (1945) is based on the principles of sovereign equality of states, prohibition of force, and the promotion of universal respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms”.
The joint American-Israeli action against Iran is criticised, in many countries around the world including Sri Lanka, as being in violation of Article 2 (4) of the UN Charter, which is a foundational principle of international law; it prohibits the threat or actual use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any state. But there are exceptions. These are only for authorised actions primarily for self-defence under Article 51 or subject to Security Council approval.
Article 51 of the UN Charter states that ‘Nothing in the present Charter shall impair the inherent right of individual or collective self-defence if an actual attack occurs against a Member of the United Nations until the Security Council has taken measures necessary to maintain international security…..’
The US and Israel launched their first strikes on Iran in the current conflict on February 28, 2026 in self-defence. Israel identified a missile launched against it from Yemen making it the first such missile used in this conflict. The US too can make similar claims: US assets were targeted by Iran-backed forces with reports of its service members being injured in a Saudi air base. And both the US and Israel had well known earlier grievances against Iran.
Although it may sound a hard-hearted thing to say while witnessing through the media the appalling scale of human suffering that is being experienced in West Asia due to the conflict, sometimes it is nothing but fair for Israel and America (especially for Israel) to do whatever they can do in self-defence to defeat the current Islamist terror driven Iranian regime whose declared ultimate goal is the total destruction of the Jewish State. Genocide of a people is the most egregious crime against humanity imaginable.
The West Asian conflict has an inevitable impact on Sri Lanka because of long standing trade and diplomatic ties with those nations. But Sri Lankans have no choice but to stay non-aligned in this conflict, while still ensuring that justice, democracy, and humanity eventually prevail, not losing sight of the fact that they too are potential, nay real, victims of the violent religionism of the Islamic type that is a rapidly growing global menace today. Israel is the modern David confronting a Goliath of hostile neighbours, extremist ideologies, and a geopolitical environment that constantly denies its right to exist. Some believe that Sri Lankans are also in the same boat.
Going by the social media reports from Sri Lanka, there seems to be some growing awareness of the justness of the Israeli action against genocidal Islamism (cautiously rejected by the majority of ordinary Muslims themselves in the Gulf states) despite surging empathy for the innocent people suffering caught in the crossfire. While there are only subdued expressions of support for the beleaguered Jewish state, there seems to be more vocal opposition to it from a section of the local Muslim minority.
In my opinion, Sri Lankans who are facing the same existential threats, have, at present, some of the dumbest politicians (both in the government and the opposition) ever entrusted by the people in democratic elections to look after their overall security, economic prosperity, mental well-being, and national independence as a sovereign nation. They are the worst violators of the great Buddha’s principle of good governance ‘raja dhammam paja rakkha – it is the ruler’s obligation to protect the people through righteousness’.
The Buddha elaborates a ruler’s responsibilities in terms of the ‘dasa raja dharma’ or ‘the ten duties of a king’. One of these is ‘tyaga’ (Sanskrit) or ‘paricchaga’ (Pali) meaning ‘sacrificing things of value for the good of the people’; this has three forms: self-sacrifice (selfless service), altruism (willingness to give up personal benefits for the welfare of the people), and renunciation (acting not being shackled by the petty sense of ego {I, me, mine, for me, etc} in serving the people). But, in the land that claims to be the repository of the pristine teachings of the Buddha, corruption is a byword for politics. This legitimate perception of a deep systemic link between the abuse of entrusted power and political authority is probably the greatest threat to Sri Lanka’s national security, democracy, economic development, territorial integrity, sovereignty and independence.
The greatest secularist the world has ever known, Siddhartha Gautama, the Buddha or the Awakened One (who neither followed nor founded any religion) taught how to seek relief from suffering through governing one’s mind. Heedfulness or mindfulness leads to happiness, he said. ‘Mind precedes all mental states – Mind is their chief – They are all mindwrought…’ are the opening lines of the Dhammapada collection of Buddha’s sayings. Our mind is the most vital thing in life that we can possibly bring under our control if we want, in our happiest moments as well as in our saddest. It is the creator as well as the destroyer of our overall/holistic wellbeing. Buddha’s compassionate call to practical action embodied in the Noble Eightfold Path (or the Fourth Noble Truth), I think, is most appropriate advice for the suffering people of Iran, Israel, and Sri Lanka, and the whole world, in fact. At the moment the shared element of conflict generated suffering forms the basis of mutual empathy and support between common Sri Lankans, Iranians and Israelis.
Buddha’s teaching of universal compassion or loving-kindness, towards all sentient beings, and his gentle reminder that violence should be avoided ‘putting oneself in the place of another’ (Dhammapada Verses 129 and 130) should be adopted as a soothing antidote to spreading religious hate that makes zealots shout ‘Death to those they don’t like’ and also to what the late anti-religion crusader Christopher Hitchens (British-American writer and journalist) condemned as the ‘poison of religious extremism’
Concluded
Comments Off on Sri Lankan people need to stand with the suffering people of Iran and Israel, and support democracy and humanity – II
Subject: Addressing the Chronic Delay in Official Number Plate Issuance
To the Department of Motor Traffic,
The current state of our roads reveals a glaring administrative failure: a significant percentage of newly registered vehicles are forced to operate using temporary or non-standard plates. While vehicle owners fulfill their legal and financial obligations immediately upon purchase, the state continues to fail in its reciprocal duty to provide the necessary identification plates in a reasonable timeframe.
In an era of rapid digital transformation, it is unacceptable that a simple metal plate requires weeks or months of processing. This is not a matter of “Quantum Physics”; it is a matter of basic supply chain management.
The Case for Market Liberalization
If the current centralized system is unable to meet the demand, the solution is clear: Liberalize the market. By allowing the private sector to enter this space under strict government standards, we would see:
Efficiency: Competition drives speed. A private vendor could easily produce and fit a plate within hours.
Quality Control: The market naturally filters out poor performers. Buyers will gravitate toward vendors that provide the best service and product durability.
Accountability: Shifting from a state monopoly to a competitive landscape removes the “vague excuses” often used to mask bureaucratic bottlenecks.
A Matter of Civic Progress
We often speak of national progress, yet we remain tethered to outdated systems that glorify past methods while neglecting present needs. True education lies in the ability of a citizenry to ask “Why?” and demand transparency when systems stop working.
The public should not be expected to “wait and see” while modern, high-tech vehicles are hampered by archaic registration delays. We urge the authorities to stop protecting inefficient monopolies and start prioritizing the rights and time of the consumer.
Let the market decide who stays and who vanishes based on performance. It is time to modernize the DMT’s approach to meet the standards of the 21st century.
Sincerely,
Sasanka De Silva (Makumbura)
Comments Off on OPEN LETTER: A Call for Efficiency and Market Liberalization in Vehicle Plate Issuance
In the late 1970s and early 1980s, the Ceylon Shipping Corporation (CSC) was a symbol of national pride and economic independence. At its peak, the corporation operated a diverse fleet of 17 vessels, including eight conventional liners, eight container ships, and one oil tanker. Today, after decades of decline and the total disposal of that original fleet, the corporation operates just two modern bulk carriers.
What led to the dismantling of a fleet that once commanded the sea lanes from Europe to Australia? The answer lies in a combination of “Beyond Economical Repair” (BER) status, radical shifts in global trade, and the unintended consequences of economic liberalization.
1. The “Golden Era” and the Fleet of 17
Following its inception in 1971, the CSC rapidly expanded. Supported by partners in Germany and China, the fleet included iconic names like the Mv. Lanka Rani and Mv. Lanka Devi. By 1980, the CSC became the first South Asian carrier to launch container services to Europe, positioning Sri Lanka as a regional maritime pioneer.
The fleet of 17 was a strategic asset, ensuring that Sri Lankan exports, at the time facing prohibitive freight rates from foreign lines, could reach global markets reliably.
2. The Impact of Liberalization (The 1990s)
The turning point for the CSC was not a single failure, but a shift in policy. In 1990, the Sri Lankan government moved toward a policy of shipping liberalization. Previously, the Central Freight Bureau (CFB) allocated cargo to the national carrier, providing a “captive market” that shielded the CSC from global competition.
When these protections were removed, the CSC was suddenly forced to compete with massive international shipping giants. Lacking the scale, modern technology, and agility of private sector competitors, the corporation began to sustain heavy losses. The “national carrier” status was no longer a guarantee of profitability.
3. Beyond Economical Repair: The Technical Decline
By the late 1990s and early 2000s, the original fleet had reached the end of its natural life. Shipping experts frequently cited several technical reasons for getting rid of the remaining vessels:
BER Status: Many vessels had reached a point where the cost of maintenance and mandatory dry-docking exceeded their potential earnings. In maritime terms, they were “Beyond Economical Repair.”
Fuel Inefficiency: The older engines were designed in an era of lower fuel costs. Compared to newer “Eco-design” ships, the CSC vessels were “fuel-hungry,” making them non-viable in a low-margin market.
Technological Obsolescence: The shift toward “mega-ships” and automated container handling meant that the CSC’s smaller, aging vessels could no longer service major hub ports efficiently.
A notable example was the Mv. Lanka Muditha and Mv. Lanka Mahapola. By 2012, these two vessels—the last of the old guard—were declared no longer commercially viable. One was laid up in Galle for disposal via government tender, marking the end of the original 17-ship legacy.
4. The Rebirth: Ceylon Breeze and Ceylon Princess
After years of operating as a “ship-less” shipping corporation (acting mainly as a freight forwarder and agency), the CSC made a comeback in 2016. With a $70 million loan, the corporation commissioned two new 63,000-ton bulk carriers: the Mv. Ceylon Breeze and the Mv. Ceylon Princess.
These ships were specifically designed for a new “captive market”: transporting coal for the Lakwijaya Thermal Power Station in Norochcholai. During the monsoon months when coal unloading is impossible, these ships are chartered out on the international market to generate foreign exchange.
(In 2016, Sri Lanka was governed by a National Unity Government (or Coalition Government) formed in August 2015, led by President Maithripala Sirisena and Prime Minister Ranil Wickremesinghe. This government was a coalition between the United National Party (UNP) and the Sri Lanka Freedom Party (SLFP).
5. Conclusion: Lessons from the Deep
The disposal of the CSC’s original fleet was not merely a sign of failure, but a harsh recognition of market reality. While the ships were indeed “economically non-viable” due to age and high maintenance costs, their downfall was accelerated by a lack of timely reinvestment and the sudden exposure to global competition.
Today, the CSC serves as a specialized niche operator rather than a global liner. Its survival depends on its ability to manage its two modern assets efficiently while navigating the debt burdens of their acquisition—a reminder that in the world of shipping, owning a fleet is only half the battle; the other half is surviving the volatile tides of the global economy.
This is for educational purposes only.
MV stands for Motor Vessel (or sometimes Motor Ship/MS), indicating that the vessel is powered by an internal combustion engine, usually diesel. It became standard to distinguish modern, engine-driven ships from older steam-powered ships, which used the prefix SS (Steam Ship).
In my opinion, getting rid of the old vessels was a wise decision, or otherwise the taxpayers have to pay more to maintain another loss-making State-Owned Enterprise, only for the pride than profit. Already around 400 such entities in the country.
Sasanka De Silva Makumbura
Comments Off on The Rise and Fall of a National Fleet: Why Sri Lanka Sold Its Ships
Trump’s Iran war has left the Gulf shattered: US bases turned into targets, economies battered, and the oasis” myth destroyed. Gulf rulers now confront a harsh reckoning over their reliance on Washington and the uncertain search for a new, fragile security order
An Ominous Reckoning For The Gulf States
As Trump assembled major US naval and air assets in the eastern Mediterranean and the Gulf, Saudi Arabia, the UAE, Qatar, and others quietly urged Washington to avoid a full-scale assault on Iran, fearing a direct blowback on their territory and energy infrastructure. Nevertheless, the US–Israeli air campaign began on February 28, 2026, without a clearly defined and publicly articulated political endgame beyond crippling” Iran’s capabilities. This disconnect between military escalation and strategic purpose now lies at the core of Gulf leaders’ anger and sense of betrayal toward Washington.
Trump’s Strategic Miscalculation
Trump’s decision to launch joint US–Israeli strikes on Iran has produced far higher strategic costs than his administration appears to have anticipated, from energy shock and disrupted shipping to heightened regional fragmentation and anti-American sentiment. Even if Iranian capabilities are significantly degraded, the war has exposed vulnerabilities in US power projection, unsettled allies, and invited greater Russian and Chinese diplomatic activism in the Gulf. The long-term price” for Washington will be measured less in battlefield metrics than in diminished trust and leverage among its traditional Arab partners.
US Bases Turned to Liabilities
From a Gulf perspective, US bases in Qatar, Bahrain, Kuwait, and the UAE were meant to deter Iran and guarantee regime security; instead, they became priority targets once the war began. Iran explicitly framed its strikes on these facilities as retaliation against Washington, but their location in densely populated and economically vital areas meant that nearby civilian infrastructure also suffered severe damage. This experience is reinforcing a view in Gulf capitals that foreign basing arrangements draw fire without delivering the reliable protection they assumed for decades.
A Nightmare Realized
Gulf leaders long warned that a war with Iran would shatter their security and economies, a nightmare that has now materialized as Iranian missiles and drones hit oil facilities, ports, power plants, and cities across the region. They blame Washington for launching the campaign and Israel for pressing to neutralize” Iran regardless of collateral damage in neighboring Arab states. The sense in Gulf capitals is that their caution was dismissed, while they have paid a disproportionate price in physical destruction, economic setback, disrupted exports, and heightened domestic anxiety.
Shattered Oasis Narrative
The image of Gulf hubs like Dubai, Doha, and Riyadh as insulated oases” open to business, tourism, and investment has been badly damaged by missile alerts, strikes on ports and airports, and the closure of key sea lanes. Restoring confidence will require visible reconstruction, enhanced civil defense, improved air and missile defenses, and credible diplomacy that lowers the perceived risk of another sudden war. Investors and tourists will demand proof that the region can manage Iran-related tensions, not just high-end events and mega-projects.
Trump’s Misreading of Iranian Escalation Trump publicly argued that overwhelming force would quickly coerce Iran and usher in regime change while keeping fighting over there,” yet he appears not to have anticipated the breadth of Iranian retaliation against neighboring Gulf states or a prolonged closure of the Strait of Hormuz. The IRGC’s effective shutdown of the strait, including attacks and threats against commercial shipping, has produced global energy shocks and exposed the fragility of US planning assumptions. For Gulf leaders, this underscores how inadequate Washington’s war planning was in accounting for second- and third-order consequences.
Calculated Decision Not to Retaliate
Despite heavy damage, Gulf rulers have so far avoided direct retaliation against Iran, calculating that further escalation would expose their cities and infrastructure to even more punishing strikes. Publicly, they stress restraint and international law, but privately, officials acknowledge their enduring geographic reality: they must coexist with a powerful and proximate Iran long after this US-led campaign ends. By holding their fire, they hope to preserve space for postwar de-escalation and avoid being locked into a permanent state of open conflict.
Recasting Security Arrangements with Washington Given their limited strategic alternatives, Gulf monarchies are unlikely to sever ties with Washington but will seek more conditional, transactional security arrangements. They are pressing for clearer US commitments on defense of their territory, better integration of regional missile defenses, and greater say over decisions that could trigger Iranian retaliation. At the same time, they will hedge by deepening ties with China, Russia, Europe, and Asian energy importers, thereby reducing exclusive reliance on the US while keeping the American security umbrella in place.
Gulf Options to Prevent Future Conflagration To prevent a repeat, Gulf states are also exploring limited de-escalation channels with Tehran, tighter regional crisis hotlines, and revived maritime security arrangements that include non-Western actors such as China and India. They may push for new rules of engagement around energy infrastructure and shipping lanes, seeking informal understandings that keep these off-limits even in crises. Internally, they are reassessing missile defense, hardening critical facilities, and considering more diversified export routes that reduce dependence on Hormuz. None of these options are fully reassuring, but together they offer partial risk reduction.
Prospects for Normalization with Iran
Speculation about full normalization, including a non-belligerency pact between Iran and Gulf states, builds on prewar trends of cautious dialogue and economic engagement. Whether this is truly in the cards” depends on war outcomes, Iran’s internal politics, and Gulf threat perceptions: if Tehran’s regime survives but remains hostile, Gulf states will likely revert to hedging—combining deterrence, limited engagement, and outreach to outside powers. A more pragmatic Iranian leadership could make structured security arrangements and phased confidence-building measures more plausible over time.
No Return to Status Quo Ante
The Gulf States will not return to the prewar status quo; instead, they are likely to pursue a more diversified security architecture, combining a thinner US shield with expanded ties to China, Russia, and Asian importers. This shift will gradually dilute Washington’s centrality in Gulf security, complicating US force posture and Israel’s assumption of automatic Arab backing against Iran. For Israel, a more cautious, risk-averse Gulf may limit overt strategic alignment, while for the US, enduring mistrust will make coalition-building for future crises far more difficult.
Trump’s Iran adventure is not an isolated blunder but the latest, and perhaps most explosive, expression of his assault on an already fragile global order. By discarding restraint, sidelining allies, and weaponizing American power for short-term political gain, he has accelerated the erosion of US credibility, fractured Western alliances, and opened new strategic space for Russia and China. The Gulf States are simply the newest casualties of this disorder: their cities struck, economies shaken, and security assumptions shattered.
Whatever emerges from this war, it will not be a restored status quo, but a more fragmented, volatile Middle East in which Israel and the United States confront a diminished margin for error and a far narrower circle of willing, trusting partners.
____________
Dr. Alon Ben-Meir is a retired professor of international relations, most recently at the Center for Global Affairs at NYU. He taught courses on international negotiation and Middle Eastern studies.
Comments Off on Trump’s Iran war has left the Gulf shattered:
If there was one thing that was sure to happen as an external factor that would affect the economy of Sri Lanka, it was the turmoil in the Middle East. This has been a constant since 1948 when Israel was established. All governments and organizations that have existed in this country have either had to deal with a war or some kind of disruption in the Middle East. Historically most of them have completely and utterly failed to deal with this issue preemptively, which now in all probability is going to becoming a long term certainty. The current government, government owned business undertakings and the other private businesses in Sri Lanka at this time is no exception; no contingencies only reactive crisis mitigation action at the cost of the public. 
Panama Canal: Charges fees based on vessel size and weight, and charges high premiums for last-minute booking slots.
